The role of gsc and BMP-4 in dorsal-ventral patterning of the marginal zone in Xenopus: a loss-of-function study using antisense RNA

EMBO Journal

Volumn 14, Issue 21, 1995, Pages 5230-5243

  Steinbeisser, Herbert ^a,b   Fainsod, Abraham ^a,c   Niehrs, Christof ^a,d   Sasai, Yoshiki ^a   De Robertis, Eddy M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY   (Germany)

^c HEBREW UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^d GERMAN CANCER RESEARCH CENTER DKFZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

Antisense; BMP 4; gsc; Mesoderm patterning; Xenopus

Indexed keywords

BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; COMPLEMENTARY RNA;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BLASTOMERE; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; GASTRULA; GASTRULATION; GENE EXPRESSION; HOMEOBOX; MARKER GENE; MESODERM; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; XENOPUS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0028856430     PISSN: 02614189     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00208.x     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bass,B.L. and Weintraub,H. (1987) A developmentally regulated activity that unwinds RNA duplexes. Cell. 48, 607-613.
2. Blumberg,B., Wright,C.V.E., De Robertis,E.M. and Cho,K.W.Y. (1991) Organizer-specific homeobox genes in Xenopus laevis embryos. Science, 253, 194-196.
3. Cho,K.W.Y., Goetz,J., Wright,C.V.E., Fritz,A., Hardwicke,J. and De Robertis,E.M. (1988) Differential utilization of the same reading frame in a Xenopus homeobox gene encodes two proteins sharing the same DNA-binding specificity. EMRO J., 7, 2139-2149.
4. Cho,K.W.Y., Blumberg,B., Steinbeisser,H. and De Robertis,E. (1991) Molecular nature of Spemann's organizer: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene goosecoid. Cell, 67, 1111-1120.
5. Chomczynski,P. and Sacchi,N. (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem., 162, 156-159.
6. Christian,J.L. and Moon,R.T. (1993) Interaction between Xwnt-8 and Spemann organizer signalling pathways generate dorsoventral patterning in the embryonic mesoderm of Xenopus. Genes Dev., 7, 13-28
7. Christian,J.L., McMahon,J.A., McMahon,A.P. and Moon,R.T. (1991) Xwnt-8, a Xenopus Wnt1/int1-related gene responding to mesoderminducing growth factors may play a role in ventral mesodermal patterning during embryogenesis. Development, 111, 1045-1055.
8. Dale,L., Howes,G., Price,B.M.J. and Smith,J.C. (1992) Bone morphogenetic protein 4: a ventralizing factor in Xenopus development. Development, 115, 573-585.
9. Dent,J.A., Polson,A.G. and Klymkowsky,M.W. (1989) A whole-mount immunocytochemical analysis of the expression of the intermediate filament protein vimentin in Xenopus. Development, 105, 61-74.
10. Fainsod,A., Steinbeisser,H. and De Robertis,E.M. (1994) On the function of BMP-4 in patterning the marginal zone of the Xenopus embryo. EMBO J., 13, 5015-5025.
11. Gerhart,J., Danilchik,M., Doniach,T., Roberts,S., Rowning,B. and Stewart,R. (1989) Cortical rotation of the Xenopus egg: consequences for the anteroposterior pattern of embryonic dorsal development. Development Suppl., 107, 37-51.
12. Giebelhaus,D.H., Eib,D.W. and Moon,R.T. (1988) Antisense RNA inhibits expression of membrane skeletal protein 4.1 during embryonic development of Xenopus. Cell, 35, 601-615.
13. Graff,J.M., Thies,S.R., Song,J.J., Celeste,A.J. and Melton,D.A. (1994) Studies with a Xenopus BMP receptor suggest that ventral mesoderm-inducing signals override dorsal signals in vivo. Cell, 79, 169-179
14. Grunz,H. (1994) The four animal blastomeres of the eight-cell stage of Xenopus laevis are intrinsically capable of differentiating into dorsa mesodermal derivatives. Int. J. Dev. Biol., 38, 69-76.
15. Harland,R.M. (1991) In situ hybridization: an improved wholemount method for Xenopus embryos. Methods Cell Biol., 36, 685-695.
16. Harland,R.M. (1994) The transforming growth factor β family and induction of the vertebrate mesoderm: bone morphogenetic proteins are ventral inducers. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 10243-10246.
17. Harland,R.M. and Misher,L. (1988) Stability of RNA in developing Xenopus embryos and identification of a destabilizing sequence in TFIIIA messenger RNA. Development, 102, 837-852.
18. Heasman,J., Cawford,A., Goldstone,K., Garner-Hamrick,P., Gumbiner,B., MacCrea,P., Kintner,C., Noro,C.Y. and Wylie,C. (1994) Overexpression of cadherins and underexpression of β-catenin inhibit dorsal mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos. Cell, 79, 791-803.
19. Hemmati-Brivanlou,A., Kelly,O.G. and Melton,D.A. (1994) Follistatin an antagonist of activin, is expressed in Spemann organizer and displays direct neuralizing activity. Cell, 77, 283-295.
20. Hogan,B.L., Blessing,M., Winnier,G.E., Suziki,N. and Jones,C.M. (1994) Growth factors in development: the roie of TGF-β related polypeptide signalling molecules in embryogenesis. Development, Suppl., 53-60.
21. Jones,C.M., Lyons,K.M., Lapan,P.M., Wright,C.V.E. and Hogan,B.L.M. (1992) DVR-4 (bone morphogenetic protein-4) as a posteriorventralizing factor in Xenopus. Development, 115, 639-647.
22. Kao,K.R. and Elinson,R.P. (1988) The entire mesodermal mantle behaves as a Spemann's organizer in dorsoanterior enhanced Xenopus laevis embryos. Dev. Biol., 127, 64-77.
23. Kessler,D.S. and Melton,D.A. (1994) Vertebrate embryonic induction: mesodermal and neuronal patterning. Science, 266, 596-604.
24. Kim,U. and Nishikura,K. (1993) Double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase as a potential mammalian RNA editing factor. Semin. Cell Biol., 4, 285-293.
25. Kimelman,D. and Kirschner,M.W. (1989) An antisense mRNA directs the covalent modification of the transcript encoding fibroblast growth factor in Xenopus oocytes. Cell, 59, 687-696.
26. Kintner,C.R and Brockes,J.P. (1984) Monoclonal antibodies identify blastemal cells derived from dedifferentiating muscle in newt limb regeneration. Nature, 308, 67-69.
27. Köster,M., Plessow,S., Clement,J.H., Lorenz,A., Tiedemann,H. and Knöchel,W. (1991) Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), a member of the TGF-β family, in early embryos of Xenopus laevis: analysis of mesoderm inducing activity. Mech. Dev., 33, 191-200.
28. Kyhse-Anderson,J.J. (1984) Electroblotting of multiple gels: a simple apparatus without buffer tank for rapid transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide to nitrocellulose. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 10, 203-207.
29. Laemmli,U.K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227, 680-683.
30. Lemaire,P., Garrett,N. and Gurdon,J.B. (1995) Expression cloning of Siamois, a Xenopus homeobox gene expressed in dorsal-vegetal cells of blastulae and able to induce a complete secondary axis. Cell, 81, 85-94.
31. Liebhaber,S.A., Russel,J.E., Cash,F.E. and Eshleman,S.S. (1992) Inhibition of mRNA translation by antisense sequences. In Erickson,R.P. and Izant,G. (eds). Gene Regulation, Biology of Antisense RNA and DNA. Raven Press, New York, pp. 223-236.
32. Maeno,M., Chua Ong,R., Suzuki,A., Ueno,N. and Kung,H. (1994) A truncated bone morphogenetic protein 4 receptor alters the fate of ventral mesoderm to dorsal mesoderm: roles of animal pole tissue in the development of ventral mesoderm. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 10260-10264.
33. Niehrs,C., Keller,R., Cho,K.W.Y. and De Robertis,E.M. (1993) The homeobox gene goosecoid controls cell migration in Xenopus embryos. Cell, 72, 491-503.
34. Niehrs,C., Steinbeisser,H. and De Robertis,E.M. (1994) Mesodermal patterning by a gradient of the vertebrate homeobox gene goosecoid. Science, 263, 817-820.