The management of cocaine-associated myocardial ischemia

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 333, Issue 19, 1995, Pages 1267-1272

  Hollander, Judd E ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; PHENTOLAMINE; VERAPAMIL;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CORONARY ARTERY BLOOD FLOW; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DRUG ABUSE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FIBRINOLYSIS; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; TREATMENT PLANNING; VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION;

ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CHEST PAIN; COCAINE; CORONARY DISEASE; HUMAN; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 0028846703     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199511093331907     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. National Institute of Drug Abuse. National household survey on drug abuse: population estimates 1991. Rev. ed. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1992. (DHHS publication no. (ADM) 92-1887.)
2. Cregler LL, Mark H Relation of acute myocardial infarction to cocaine abuse. Am J Cardiol 1985; 56: 794-794
3. Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS The cardiovascular effects of cocaine. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 165-175
4. Macdonald DI Cocaine heads ED drug visits. JAMA 1987; 258: 2029-2029
5. Colliver JD, Kopstein AN Trends in cocaine abuse reflected in emergency room episodes reported to DAWN: Drug Abuse Warning Network. Public Health Rep 1991; 106: 59-68
6. Brody SL, Slovis CM, Wrenn KD Cocaine-related medical problems: consecutive series of 233 patients. Am J Med 1990; 88: 325-331
7. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Gennis P, Prospective multicenter evaluation of cocaine associated chest pain. Acad Emerg Med 1994; 1: 330-339
8. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS Cocaine-induced myocardial infarction: an analysis and review of the literature. J Emerg Med 1992; 10: 169-177
9. Minor RL Jr, Scott BD, Brown DD, Winniford MD Cocaine-induced myocardial infarction in patients with normal coronary arteries. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 797-806
10. Lange RA, Cigarroa RG, Yancy CW Jr, Cocaine-induced coronary-artery vasoconstriction. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1557-1562
11. Lange RA, Cigarroa RG, Flores ED, Potentiation of cocaine-induced coronary vasoconstriction by beta-adrenergic blockade. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112: 897-903
12. Flores ED, Lange RA, Cigarroa RG, Hillis LD Effect of cocaine on coronary artery dimensions in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease: enhanced vasoconstriction at sites of significant stenoses. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 16: 74-79
13. Winniford MD, Wheelan KR, Kremers MS, Smoking-induced coronary vasoconstriction in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease: evidence for adrenergically mediated alterations in coronary artery tone. Circulation 1986; 73: 662-667
14. Moliterno DJ, Willard JE, Lange RA, Coronary-artery vasoconstriction induced by cocaine, cigarette smoking, or both. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 454-459
15. Togna G, Tempesta E, Togna AR, Dolci N, Cebo B, Caprino L Platelet responsiveness and biosynthesis of thromboxane and prostacyclin in response to in vitro cocaine treatment. Haemostasis 1985; 15: 100-107
16. Schnetzer GW Platelets and thrombogenesis -- current concepts. Am Heart J 1972; 83: 552-564
17. Rezkalla SH, Mazza JJ, Kloner RA, Tillema V, Chang SH The effects of cocaine on human platelets in healthy subjects. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72: 243-246
18. Moliterno DJ, Lange RA, Gerard RD, Willard JE, Lackner C, Hillis LD Influence of intranasal cocaine on plasma constituents associated with endogenous thrombosis and thrombolysis. Am J Med 1994; 96: 492-496
19. Bement CL, Cohen L, Nielsen SW, Langner RO Arterial injury in rabbits following alternate-day injections of cocaine. FASEB J 1989; 3: A297-A297 abstract.
20. Langner RO, Bement CL, Cohen L, Nielsen SW Stimulation of atherogenesis by cocaine in cholesterol-fed rabbits. FASEB J 1989; 3: A297-A297 abstract.
21. Mittleman RE, Wetli CV Cocaine and sudden “natural” death. J Forensic Sci 1987; 32: 11-19
22. Dressler FA, Malekzadeh S, Roberts WC Quantitative analysis of amounts of coronary arterial narrowing in cocaine addicts. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 303-308
23. Tardiff K, Gross E, Wu J, Stajic M, Millman R Analysis of cocaine-positive fatalities. J Forensic Sci 1989; 34: 53-63
24. Eichhorn EJ, Peacock E, Grayburn PA, Chronic cocaine abuse is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis in human coronary arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 19: Suppl: 105A-105A abstract.
25. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Burstein JL, Shih RD, Thode HC Jr Cocaine-associated myocardial infarction: mortality and complications. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155: 1081-1086
26. Om A, Warner M, Sabri N, Cecich L, Vetrovec G Frequency of coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction in cocaine users. Am J Cardiol 1992; 69: 1549-1552
27. Majid PA, Patel B, Kim HS, Zimmerman JL, Dellinger RP An angiographic and histologic study of cocaine-induced chest pain. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 812-814
28. Brickner ME, Willard JE, Eichhorn EJ, Black J, Grayburn PA Left ventricular hypertrophy associated with chronic cocaine use. Circulation 1991; 84: 1130-1135
29. Amin M, Gabelman G, Karpel J, Buttrick P Acute myocardial infarction and chest pain syndromes after cocaine use. Am J Cardiol 1990; 66: 1434-1437
30. Zimmerman JL, Dellinger RP, Majid PA Cocaine-associated chest pain. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 611-615
31. Gitter MJ, Goldsmith SR, Dunbar DN, Sharkey SW Cocaine and chest pain: clinical features and outcome of patients hospitalized to rule out myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 277-282
32. Tokarski GF, Paganussi P, Urbanski R, Carden D, Foreback C, Tomlanovich MC An evaluation of cocaine-induced chest pain. Ann Emerg Med 1990; 19: 1088-1092
33. Nademanee K, Gorelick DA, Josephson MA, Myocardial ischemia during cocaine withdrawal. Ann Intern Med 1989; 111: 876-880
34. Hollander JE, Lozano M, Fairweather P, “Abnormal” electrocardiograms in patients with cocaine associated chest pain are due to “normal” variants. J Emerg Med 1994; 12: 199-205
35. McLaurin MD, Henry TD, Apple FS, Sharkey SW Cardiac troponin I, T and CK-MB in patients with cocaine related chest pain. Circulation 1994; 90: I-278 abstract.
36. Adams JE III, Bodor GS, Davila-Roman VG, Cardiac troponin I: a marker with high specificity for cardiac injury. Circulation 1993; 88: 101-106
37. McNagny SE, Parker RM High prevalence of recent cocaine use and the unreliability of patient self-report in an inner-city walk-in clinic. JAMA 1992; 267: 1106-1108
38. Todd KH, Hollander JE, Heilpern K, Prevalence of the use of cocaine in patients with chest pain. Acad Emerg Med 1995; 2: 344-344 abstract.
39. Guinn MM, Bedford JA, Wilson MC Antagonism of intravenous cocaine lethality in nonhuman primates. Clin Toxicol 1980; 16: 499-508
40. Catravas JD, Waters IW Acute cocaine intoxication in the conscious dog: studies on the mechanism of lethality. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1981; 217: 350-356
41. Catravas JD, Waters IW, Walz MA, Davis WM Acute cocaine intoxication in the conscious dog: pathophysiologic profile of acute lethality. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1978; 235: 328-340
42. Brogan WC III, Lange RA, Kim AS, Moliterno DJ, Hillis LD Alleviation of cocaine-induced coronary vasoconstriction by nitroglycerin. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 581-586
43. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Gennis P, Nitroglycerin in the treatment of cocaine associated chest pain -- clinical safety and efficacy. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1994; 32: 243-256
44. Hollander JE, Carter WA, Hoffman RS Use of phentolamine for cocaine-induced myocardial ischemia. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 361-361
45. Negus BH, Willard JE, Hillis LD, Alleviation of cocaine-induced coronary vasoconstriction with intravenous verapamil. Am J Cardiol 1994; 73: 510-513
46. Hollander JE, Burstein JL, Hoffman RS, Shih RD, Wilson LD Cocaine-associated myocardial infarction: clinical safety of thrombolytic therapy. Chest 1995; 107: 1237-1241
47. Billman GE Effect of calcium channel antagonists on cocaine-induced malignant arrhythmias: protection against ventricular fibrillation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993; 266: 407-416
48. Knuepfer MM, Branch CA Calcium channel antagonists reduce the cocaine-induced decrease in cardiac output in a subset of rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1993; 21: 390-396
49. Trouve R, Nahas GG Antidotes to lethal cocaine toxicity in the rat. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1990; 305: 197-207
50. Derlet RW, Albertson TE Potentiation of cocaine toxicity with calcium channel blockers. Am J Emerg Med 1989; 7: 464-468
51. Sand IC, Brody SL, Wrenn KD, Slovis CM Experience with esmolol for the treatment of cocaine-associated cardiovascular complications. Am J Emerg Med 1991; 9: 161-163
52. Spivey WH, Schoffstall JM, Kirkpatrick R, Fuhs L Comparison of labetalol, diazepam, and haloperidol for the treatment of cocaine toxicity in a swine model. Ann Emerg Med 1990; 19: 467-468 abstract.
53. Gay GR, Loper KA The use of labetolol in the management of cocaine crisis. Ann Emerg Med 1988; 17: 282-283
54. Dusenberry SJ, Hicks MJ, Mariani PJ Labetolol treatment of cocaine toxicity. Ann Emerg Med 1987; 16: 235-235
55. Briggs RS, Birtwell AJ, Pohl JE Hypertensive response to labetolol in phaeochromocytoma. Lancet 1978; 1: 1045-1046
56. Boehrer JD, Moliterno DJ, Willard JE, Hillis LD, Lange RA Influence of labetolol on cocaine-induced coronary vasoconstriction in humans. Am J Med 1993; 94: 608-610
57. Bush HS Cocaine-associated myocardial infarction: a word of caution about thrombolytic therapy. Chest 1988; 94: 878-878
58. Derlet RW, Albertson TE, Tharratt RS Lidocaine potentiation of cocaine toxicity. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 135-138
59. Heit J, Hoffman RS, Goldfrank LR Lidocaine is protective against lethality in mice. Acad Emerg Med 1994; 1: 438-442
60. Shih RD, Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Nelson LS, Quick AM, Cocaine Associated Myocardial Infarction Study Group. Clinical safety of lidocaine in patients with cocaine-induced myocardial infarction. Vet Hum Toxicol 1994; 36: 349-349 abstract.
61. Beckman KJ, Parker RB, Hariman RJ, Gallastegui JL, Javaid JI, Bauman JL Hemodynamic and electrophysiological actions of cocaine: effects of sodium bicarbonate as an antidote in dogs. Circulation 1991; 83: 1799-1807
62. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Thode HC Jr, Cocaine Associated Chest Pain Study Group. Circadian rhythms in patients with cocaine associated myocardial infarction. Vet Hum Toxicol 1994; 36: 376-376 abstract.
63. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Gennis P, Cocaine associated chest pain: one year follow-up. Acad Emerg Med 1995; 2: 179-184
64. Gioia G, Manuel M, Russell J, Heo J, Iskandrian AS Myocardial perfusion pattern in patients with cocaine-induced chest pain. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75: 396-398
65. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Shih RD, Cocaine Associated Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) Study Group. Coronary artery disease in patients with cocaine associated myocardial infarction. Acad Emerg Med 1995; 2: 456-456 abstract.
66. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS, Thode HC Jr Chest discomfort, cocaine and tobacco. Acad Emerg Med 1995; 2: 238-238