Protein kinases and phosphatases: The Yin and Yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling

Cell

Volumn 80, Issue 2, 1995, Pages 225-236

  Hunter, Tony ^a  

^a SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN KINASE;

ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME ANALYSIS; ENZYME REGULATION; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ANIMAL; CA(2+)-CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; DNA-BINDING PROTEIN, CYCLIC AMP-RESPONSIVE; FEEDBACK; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PHOSPHOPROTEINS; PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER HYDROLASES; PROTEIN KINASES; PROTEINS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0028838971     PISSN: 00928674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90405-0     Document Type: Review

References (127)

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3. The human CL100 gene encodes a Tyr/Thr-protein phosphatase which potently and specically inactivates MAP kinase and suppresses its activation by oncogenic ras in Xenopus oocytes
4. p42 MAP kinase is not dephosphorylated by the dual specificity phosphatase CL100 in chromaffin endothelial and adipocyte cell lines evidence for the involvement of protein phosphatase 2A and a protein tyrosine phosphatase(s)
5. CDC28 tyrosine phosphorylation is not required for entry into mitosis in S. cerevisiae
6. Requirement for integration of signals from two distinct phosphorylation pathways for activation of MAP kinase
7. cdc2 inhibitory kinases
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9. The isolation of novel inhibitory polypeptides of protein phosphatase 1 from bovine thymus nuclei
10. + in fission yeast mitotic control
11. CDC28 in response to G1 and G2 cyclins
12. cdc restriction
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14. ras-directed activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and phosphorylation of mSos nucleotide exchange factor
15. Tyrosine phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in cells with tyrosine kinase-negative epidermal growth factor receptors
16. A novel human protein serine/threonine phosphatase, which possesses four tetratricopeptide repeat motifs and localizes to the nucleus
17. Superiority of interconvertible enzyme cascades in metabolic regulation: analysis of multicyclic systems
18. Ste5 tethers multiple protein kinases in the MAP kinase cascade required for mating in S. cerevisiae
19. Phosphorylated CREB binds specifically to the nuclear protein CBP
20. Switching off MAP kinases
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23. Okadaic acid, a new probe for the study of cellular regulation
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28. The decision to enter mitosis
29. Distinct molecular mechanisms regulate cell cycle timing at successive stages of Drosophila embryogenesis
30. Thermostable inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase enhances the rate of export of the kinase catalytic subunit from the nucleus
31. wee1 mitotic inhibitor is a tyrosine/serine kinase
32. Cdc2 H1 kinase is negatively regulated by a type 2A phosphatase in the Xenopus early embryonic cell cycle: evidence from the effects of okadaic acid
33. Protein phosphatase type 1 in mammalian cell mitosis: chromosomal localization and involvement in mitotic exit
34. The cAMP-regulated transcription factor CREB interacts with a component of the TFIID complex
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36. Specific activation of cdc25 tyrosine phosphatases by B-type cyclins: evidence for mutiple roles of mitotic cyclins
37. MEK-1 phosphorylation by MEK kinase, Raf, and mitogen-activated protein kinase: analysis of phosphopeptides and regulation of activity
38. 2+ influx requires cAMP-dependent protein kinase in PC12 cells
39. Nerve growth factor activates a Ras-dependent protein kinase that stimulates c-fos transcription via phosphorylation of CREB
40. Use of vanadate as protein-phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor
41. cdc2 function
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43. Mechanism of inhibition of Raf-1 by protein kinase A
44. Transcriptional attenuation following CAMP induction requires PP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of CREB
45. Coupling of hormonal stimulation and transcription via the cyclic AMP-responsive factor CREB is rate limited by nuclear entry of protein kinase A
46. Interaction of Ras and Raf in intact mammalian cells upon extracellular stimulation
47. Transcriptional regulation by extracellular signals: mechanisms and specificity
48. Phosphorylation and activation of human cdc25-C by cdc2-cyclin B and its involvement in the self-amplification of MPF at mitosis
49. Activation of the phosphatase activity of human cdc25A by cdk2-cyclin E dependent phosphorylation at the G1/S transition
50. On target with anew mechanism for the regulation of protein phosphorylation
51. 1001 protein kinases redux towards 2000
52. +-like gene in human cells
53. Elimination of cdc2 phosphorylation sites in the cdc25 phosphatase blocks initiation of M-phase
54. Periodic changes in phosphorylation of the Xenopus cdc25 phosphatase regulate its activity
55. ras
56. Cdc25A is a novel phosphatase functioning early in the cell cycle
57. Sequential protein kinase reactions controlling cell growth and differentiation
58. Cyclic AMP-induced G1 phase arrest mediated by an inhibitor (Kipl) of cyclin D-dependent kinase activation
59. Mitosis in transition
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61. cdc2 on threonine 14
62. cdc2 kinase activation in vertebrates
63. Regulation of the cdc25 protein during the cell cycle in Xenopus extracts
64. Nuclear protein CBP is a coactivator for the transcription factor CREB
65. MO15 associates with a p36 subunit and requires both nuclear translocation and Thr176 phosphorylation to generate cdk-activating kinase activty in Xenopus oocytes
66. Signal transduction and gene regulation: the nuclear response to CAMP
67. Ras-dependent growth factor regulation of MEK kinase in PC12 cells
68. Evidence that extracellular signal-regulated kinases are the insulin-activated Raf-1 kinase kinases
69. INH, a negative regulator of MPF, is a form of protein phosphatase 2A
70. Inhibition of cdc2 activation by INH/PP2A
71. Inhibitors of protein kinases and phosphatases
72. Specificity of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling: transient versus sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation
73. Phosphorylation of Xenopus mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase by MAP kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase
74. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase types II and IV differentially regulate CREB-dependent gene expression
75. Protein phosphatase 2A: a ‘ménage à trois’
76. cdc2 exclusively on Tyr15
77. CDC25 is a nuclear protein required for the initiation of mitosis in human cells
78. Pyp3 PTPase acts as a mitotic inducer in fission yeast
79. Negative regulation of mitosis by two functionally overlapping PTPases in fission yeast
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81. Role of SH-PTP2, a protein-tyrosine phosphatase with Src homology 2 domains, in insulin-stimulated Ras activation
82. cdc2 protein kinase in vertebrates
83. cdc2 on tyrosine 15
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85. corkscrew encodes a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase that functions to transduce the terminal signal from the receptor tyrosine kinase torso
86. Involvement of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A in the control of M phase-promoting factor activity in starfish
87. Xe protein kinase for meiotic maturation of Xenopus occytes induced by a cdc2 mutant lacking regulatory phosphorylation
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90. MO15
91. Peroxovanadium compounds a new class of potent phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitors which are insulin mimetics
92. PAC-1: a mitogen-induced nuclear protein-tyrosine phosphatase
93. The wee1 protein kinase is required for radiation-induced mitotic delay
94. SH2/SH3 signaling proteins
95. Immunophilin-sensitive phosphatase action in cell signaling pathways
96. Cdc25M2 activation of cyclin-dependent kinases by dephosphorylation of threonine-14 and tyrosine-15
97. Mitogen-activated protein kinase stimulation by a tyrosine kinase-negative epidermal growth factor receptor
98. Increasing cAMP attenuates activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase
99. CREB: a Ca(2+)-regulated transcription factor phosphorylated by calmodulin-dependent kinases
100. Protein serine/threonine phosphatases: new avenues for cell regulation
101. Mutations at the murine motheaten locus are within the hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase (Hcph) gene
102. Coupling of mitosis to the completion of S phase in Xenopus occurs via modulation of the tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates p34 CDC2
103. cdc2-activating kinase
104. The interaction of SV40 small tumor antigen with protein phosphatase 2A stimulates the MAP kinase pathway and induces cell proliferation
105. CDC28
106. 92-kilodalton B-Ref serine/threonine kinase: identification of the protein and its major autophosphorylation site
107. The coordinated action of protein tyrosine phosphatases and kinases in cell signaling
108. MKP-1 (3CH134), an immediate early gene product, is a dual specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates MAP kinase in vivo
109. 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases type II and type IV involves phosphorylation of a site that negatively regulates activity
110. Two distinct mechanisms for negative regulation of the Wee1 protein kinase
111. Cell cycle analysis of the activity, subcellular localization, and subunit composition of human CAK (CDK-activating kinase)
112. Motheaten and viable motheaten mice have mutations in the haematopoietic cell phosphatase gene
113. B-Raf-dependent regulation of the MEK-1/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in PC12 cells and regulation by cyclic AMP
114. Receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and their signal transduction pathways
115. Full activation of a nuclear species of protein phosphatase-1 by phosphorylation with protein kinase A and casein kinase-2
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117. Nuclear protein phosphatase 2A dephosphorylates protein kinase A-phosphorylated CREB and regulates CREB transcriptional stimulation
118. Multiple roles for protein phosphatase 1 in regulating the Xenopus early embryonic cell cycle
119. The wis1 protein kinase is a dosage-dependent regulator of mitosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
120. Control of MAP kinase activation by the mitogen-induced threonine/tyrosine phosphatase PACE
121. Simian virus 40 small tumor antigen inhibits dephosphorylation of protein kinase A-phosphorylated CREB and regulates CREB transcriptional stimulation
122. 2.2 Mb of contiguous nucleotide sequence from chromosome III of C. elegans
123. Inhibition of EGF-activated MAP kinase signaling by adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate
124. Nim1 kinase promotes mitosis by inactivating Wee1 tyrosine kinase
125. Rapid deactivation of MAP kinase in PC12 cells occurs independently of induction of phosphatase MKP-1
126. Hematopoietic cell phosphatase associates with the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor β chain and down-regulates IL-3-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and mitogenesis
127. c-src by overexpression of a protein tyrosine phosphatase