Evaluating democratic progress: A normative theoretical perspective

Ethics & International Affairs

Volumn 9, Issue , 1995, Pages 55-77

  Roth, Brad R ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEMOCRATISATION; ELECTORAL POLITICS; POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 0028828877     PISSN: 08926794     EISSN: 17477093     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-7093.1995.tb00171.x     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. See, for example, Thomas M. Franck, “The Emerging Right to Democratic Governance,” American Journal of International Law 86 (1992), 46;
2. Gregory H. Fox, “The Right to Political Participation in International Law,” Yale Journal of International Law 17 (1992), 539.
3. Robert A. Dahl, Democracy and Its Critics 233 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989) (defining polyarchy).
4. Richard Bernstein, “New Issues Born from Communism's Death Knell,” New York Times, August 31, 1991, 1.
5. “for without this end the community becomes a mere alliance…and law is only a convention, ‘a surety to one another of justice’…and has no real power to make the citizens good and just.” Aristotle, Politics, ed. Stephen Everson (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 64 (bk. Ill, para. 9). Alternatives to liberalism, whether democratic or not, have frequently emphasized this grander mission of politics.
6. Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, ed. A. Cohler, B. Miller, and H. Stone (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 44–48 (bk. 5, chs. 5–6).
7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, “The Social Contract,” in The Social Contract and Discourses, trans. G. D. H. Cole (Toronto: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd, 1973), 204 (bk. II, ch. 11), 181 n.l (bk I, ch. 9).
8. C. B. Macpherson, The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977), 10.
9. see Karl Marx, “On the Jewish Question,” in Robert C. Tucker, ed., The Marx-Engels Reader (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1978), 26, 42-43.
10. I have elsewhere presented an analysis of the legal ramifications of this development. See Roth, “Governmental Illegitimacy Revisited: ‘Pro-Democratic’ Armed Intervention in the Post-Bipolar World,” Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 3 (Fall 1993), 481–513.
11. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, G.A. Res. 217(A), UN Doc. A/810, at 71 (1948).
12. See, for example, Henry J. Steiner, “Political Participation as a Human Right,” Harvard Human Rights Yearbook1 1 (1988), 77–134 (discussing Article 21 of the Universal Declaration and Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights).
13. John Locke, “Second Treatise of Government,” in P. Laslett, ed., Two Treatises of Government (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 354–55 (ch. X, paras. 132–33).
14. For such an interpretation of these developments, see Fox, “The Right to Political Participation in International Law,” 579–90.
15. See Roth, “Governmental Illegitimacy Revisited,” 509–10, n. 100.
16. Rousseau, ‘The Social Contract,” 194–96 (bk. II, ch. 7).
17. Compare Max Weber, “Politics as a Vocation” in From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, trans. H.H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1958), 77, 78–79 (habitual conformity, charisma, and legality as the three “legitimations of domination”).