메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 121, Issue 5, 1994, Pages 355-362

Drug treatment of hypertension in the elderly: A meta-analysis

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMILORIDE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ATENOLOL; BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE; CHLOROTHIAZIDE; CHLORTALIDONE; CLONIDINE; HYDRALAZINE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; METHYLDOPA; NIFEDIPINE; PINDOLOL; PROPRANOLOL; RESERPINE; SPIRONOLACTONE; TRIAMTERENE;

EID: 0028593932     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-121-5-199409010-00008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (218)

References (110)
  • 1
    • 0024373728 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in elderly patients
    • Applegate WB. Hypertension in elderly patients. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:901-15.
    • (1989) Ann Intern Med , vol.110 , pp. 901-915
    • Applegate, W.B.1
  • 3
    • 8244231723 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension
    • Hazzard WR, Andres R, Bierman EL, Blass JP, eds. New York: McGraw-Hill
    • Applegate WB. Hypertension. In: Hazzard WR, Andres R, Bierman EL, Blass JP, eds. Principles of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1990:484-97.
    • (1990) Principles of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology , pp. 484-497
    • Applegate, W.B.1
  • 4
    • 0002973475 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and longevity
    • Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Lew EA. Hypertension and longevity. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. New York: Raven Press; 1990:175-90.
    • (1990) Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management , pp. 175-190
    • Lew, E.A.1
  • 5
    • 84908557638 scopus 로고
    • Statement on hypertension in the elderly
    • The Working Group on Hypertension in the Elderly. Statement on hypertension in the elderly. JAMA. 1986;256:70-4.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 70-74
  • 6
    • 0025163749 scopus 로고
    • Designing and executing randomized clinical trials involving elderly persons
    • Applegate WB, Curb JD. Designing and executing randomized clinical trials involving elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990;38:943-50.
    • (1990) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.38 , pp. 943-950
    • Applegate, W.B.1    Curb, J.D.2
  • 9
    • 0024602089 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical survival of elderly men with high blood pressure
    • Langer RD, Ganiats TG, Barrett-Connor E. Paradoxical survival of elderly men with high blood pressure. BMJ. 1989;298:1356-8.
    • (1989) BMJ , vol.298 , pp. 1356-1358
    • Langer, R.D.1    Ganiats, T.G.2    Barrett-Connor, E.3
  • 11
    • 0025916392 scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with paradoxical survival at higher blood pressures in the very old
    • Langer RD, Ganiats TG, Barrett-Connor E. Factors associated with paradoxical survival at higher blood pressures in the very old. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;134:29-38.
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.134 , pp. 29-38
    • Langer, R.D.1    Ganiats, T.G.2    Barrett-Connor, E.3
  • 12
    • 0023896281 scopus 로고
    • Increased total mortality and decreased functional capacity are associated with low systolic blood pressure among elderly women
    • Sorensen KH, Hilden T. Increased total mortality and decreased functional capacity are associated with low systolic blood pressure among elderly women. Scand J Prim Health Care. 1988;6:105-10.
    • (1988) Scand J Prim Health Care , vol.6 , pp. 105-110
    • Sorensen, K.H.1    Hilden, T.2
  • 13
    • 0019403371 scopus 로고
    • Blood Pressure reduction in the elderly: A randomised controlled trial of methyldopa
    • Sprackling ME, Mitchell JR, Short AH, Watt G. Blood Pressure reduction in the elderly: a randomised controlled trial of methyldopa. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1981;283:1151-3.
    • (1981) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.283 , pp. 1151-1153
    • Sprackling, M.E.1    Mitchell, J.R.2    Short, A.H.3    Watt, G.4
  • 14
    • 0014952910 scopus 로고
    • Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. II. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressure averaging 90 through 114 mm Hg
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. II. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressure averaging 90 through 114 mm Hg. JAMA. 1970;213:1143-52.
    • (1970) JAMA , vol.213 , pp. 1143-1152
  • 16
    • 0023484789 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative methods in the review of the epidemiologic literature
    • Greenland S. Quantitative methods in the review of the epidemiologic literature. Epidemiol Rev. 1987;9:1-30.
    • (1987) Epidemiol Rev , vol.9 , pp. 1-30
    • Greenland, S.1
  • 17
    • 84959801619 scopus 로고
    • Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease
    • Mantel N, Haenzel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1959;22:719-48.
    • (1959) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.22 , pp. 719-748
    • Mantel, N.1    Haenzel, W.2
  • 18
    • 0021909115 scopus 로고
    • Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: An overview of the randomized trials
    • Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, Collins R, Sleight P. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1985;27:335-71.
    • (1985) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.27 , pp. 335-371
    • Yusuf, S.1    Peto, R.2    Lewis, J.3    Collins, R.4    Sleight, P.5
  • 20
    • 0023036598 scopus 로고
    • A general estimator for the variance of the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio
    • Robins J, Greenland S, Breslow NE. A general estimator for the variance of the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio. Am J Epidemiol. 1986; 124:719-23.
    • (1986) Am J Epidemiol , vol.124 , pp. 719-723
    • Robins, J.1    Greenland, S.2    Breslow, N.E.3
  • 21
    • 0025121305 scopus 로고
    • Bias in the one-step method for pooling study results
    • Greenland S, Salvan A. Bias in the one-step method for pooling study results. Stat Med. 1990;9:247-52.
    • (1990) Stat Med , vol.9 , pp. 247-252
    • Greenland, S.1    Salvan, A.2
  • 24
    • 0023605253 scopus 로고
    • STOP-Hypertension - Preliminary communication from the Pilot Study of the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension
    • Dalhof B, Hansson L, Lindholm L, Schersten B, Wester PO. STOP-Hypertension - Preliminary communication from the Pilot Study of the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension. J Hypertens Suppl. 1987;5:S607-10.
    • (1987) J Hypertens Suppl , vol.5
    • Dalhof, B.1    Hansson, L.2    Lindholm, L.3    Schersten, B.4    Wester, P.O.5
  • 25
    • 0025942936 scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension)
    • Dalhof B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L, Schersten B, Wester PO. Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension). Lancet. 1991;338:1281-5.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 1281-1285
    • Dalhof, B.1    Lindholm, L.H.2    Hansson, L.3    Schersten, B.4    Wester, P.O.5
  • 27
    • 50549205601 scopus 로고
    • The role of blood pressure control in preventing complications of hypertension
    • Hamilton M, Thompson EN, Wisniewski TK. The role of blood pressure control in preventing complications of hypertension. Lancet. 1964;1:235-8.
    • (1964) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 235-238
    • Hamilton, M.1    Thompson, E.N.2    Wisniewski, T.K.3
  • 28
    • 0017387956 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of mild hypertension: Results of a ten-year intervention trial
    • Smith WM for the U.S. Public Health Service Hospitals Cooperative Study Group. Treatment of mild hypertension: results of a ten-year intervention trial. Circ Res. 1970:40(Suppl):I98-105.
    • (1970) Circ Res , vol.40 , Issue.SUPPL.
  • 29
    • 0018279358 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of drug treatment in mild hypertension: VA-NHLBI feasibility trial. Plan and preliminary results of a two-year feasability trial for a multicenter intervention study to evaluate the benefits versus the disadvantages of treating mild hypertension. Prepared for the Veterans Administration-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Group for Evaluating Treatment in Mild Hypertension
    • Evaluation of drug treatment in mild hypertension: VA-NHLBI feasibility trial. Plan and preliminary results of a two-year feasability trial for a multicenter intervention study to evaluate the benefits versus the disadvantages of treating mild hypertension. Prepared for the Veterans Administration-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Group for Evaluating Treatment in Mild Hypertension. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1978;304:267-92.
    • (1978) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.304 , pp. 267-292
  • 30
    • 0019197138 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of mild hypertension: A five year controlled drug trial. The Oslo study
    • Helgeland A. Treatment of mild hypertension: a five year controlled drug trial. The Oslo study. Am J Med. 1980;69:725-32.
    • (1980) Am J Med , vol.69 , pp. 725-732
    • Helgeland, A.1
  • 31
    • 0009713312 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind control study of antihypertensive agents. I. Comparative effect of reserpine, reserpine and hydralazine, and three ganglionic blocking agents, clorisondamine, mecamylamine, and pentolinium tartrate
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. A double-blind control study of antihypertensive agents. I. Comparative effect of reserpine, reserpine and hydralazine, and three ganglionic blocking agents, clorisondamine, mecamylamine, and pentolinium tartrate. Arch Intern Med. 1961;106:133-48.
    • (1961) Arch Intern Med , vol.106 , pp. 133-148
  • 32
    • 84943446524 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind control study on antihypertensive agents. II. Further report on the comparative effectiveness of reserpine, reserpine and hydralazine, and three ganglion blocking agents, chlorisondamine, mecamylamine, and pentolinium tartrate
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents: Double-blind control study on antihypertensive agents. II. Further report on the comparative effectiveness of reserpine, reserpine and hydralazine, and three ganglion blocking agents, chlorisondamine, mecamylamine, and pentolinium tartrate. Arch Intern Med. 1962:110:222-9.
    • (1962) Arch Intern Med , vol.110 , pp. 222-229
  • 33
    • 84943435520 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind control study of antihypertensive agents. III. Chlorothiazide alone and in combination with other agents: Preliminary results
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents: Double-blind control study of antihypertensive agents. III. Chlorothiazide alone and in combination with other agents: preliminary results. Arch Intern Med. 1962;110:230-5.
    • (1962) Arch Intern Med , vol.110 , pp. 230-235
  • 34
    • 0014200585 scopus 로고
    • Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129 mm Hg
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129 mm Hg. JAMA. 1967;202:1028-34.
    • (1967) JAMA , vol.202 , pp. 1028-1034
  • 35
    • 0013892222 scopus 로고
    • Effects of treatment in hypertension. Results of a controlled study
    • Wolf FW, Lindeman RD. Effects of treatment in hypertension. Results of a controlled study. J Chronic Dis. 1966;19:227-40.
    • (1966) J Chronic Dis , vol.19 , pp. 227-240
    • Wolf, F.W.1    Lindeman, R.D.2
  • 36
    • 0015786754 scopus 로고
    • Control of moderately raised blood pressure. Report of a co-operative randomized controlled trial
    • Control of moderately raised blood pressure. Report of a co-operative randomized controlled trial. Br Med J. 1973;3:434-6.
    • (1973) Br Med J. , vol.3 , pp. 434-436
  • 37
    • 0021863832 scopus 로고
    • MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: Principal results
    • Medical Research Council Working Party. MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985; 291:97-104.
    • (1985) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.291 , pp. 97-104
  • 38
    • 0023947123 scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention with metoprolol in patients with hypertension. Mortality results from the MAPHY study
    • Wikstrand J, Warnold I, Olsson G, Tuomilehto J, Elmfeldt D, Berglund G. Primary prevention with metoprolol in patients with hypertension. Mortality results from the MAPHY study. JAMA. 1988;259: 1976-82.
    • (1988) JAMA , vol.259 , pp. 1976-1982
    • Wikstrand, J.1    Warnold, I.2    Olsson, G.3    Tuomilehto, J.4    Elmfeldt, D.5    Berglund, G.6
  • 40
    • 0022254994 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular ris k and risk factors in a randomized trial of treatment based on the beta-blocker oxprenolol: The International Prospective Primary Prevention Study in Hypertension (IPPPSH)
    • The IPPPSH Collaborative Group. Cardiovascular ris k and risk factors in a randomized trial of treatment based on the beta-blocker oxprenolol: the International Prospective Primary Prevention Study in Hypertension (IPPPSH). J Hypertens. 1985;3:379-92.
    • (1985) J Hypertens , vol.3 , pp. 379-392
  • 41
    • 0026512892 scopus 로고
    • Syst-Eur-A multicenter trial on the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: First interim report
    • Staessen J, Amery A, Birkenhager W, Bulpitt CJ, Cox J, de Leeuw P, et al. Syst-Eur-A multicenter trial on the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: First interim report. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19:120-5.
    • (1992) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 120-125
    • Staessen, J.1    Amery, A.2    Birkenhager, W.3    Bulpitt, C.J.4    Cox, J.5    De Leeuw, P.6
  • 42
    • 0014935696 scopus 로고
    • Hypotensive therapy in stroke survivors
    • Carter AB. Hypotensive therapy in stroke survivors. Lancet. 1970;1: 485-9.
    • (1970) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 485-489
    • Carter, A.B.1
  • 43
    • 0016258143 scopus 로고
    • Effect of antihypertensive treatment on stroke recurrence
    • Hypertension-Stroke Cooperative Study Group. Effect of antihypertensive treatment on stroke recurrence. JAMA. 1974;229:409-18.
    • (1974) JAMA , vol.229 , pp. 409-418
  • 44
    • 0019976346 scopus 로고
    • Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Risk factor changes and mortality results
    • Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Risk factor changes and mortality results. JAMA. 1982;248:1465-77.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.248 , pp. 1465-1477
  • 46
    • 0019167948 scopus 로고
    • Failure of therapy to improve prognosis in elderly males with hypertension
    • Morgan TO, Adams WR, Hodgson M, Gibberd RW. Failure of therapy to improve prognosis in elderly males with hypertension. Med J Austr. 1980;2:27-31.
    • (1980) Med J Austr , vol.2 , pp. 27-31
    • Morgan, T.O.1    Adams, W.R.2    Hodgson, M.3    Gibberd, R.W.4
  • 47
    • 0019423270 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of the treatment of mild hypertension in the aged
    • Kuramoto K, Matsushita S, Kuwajima I, Murakami M. Prospective study of the treatment of mild hypertension in the aged. Jpn Heart J. 1981;22:75-85.
    • (1981) Jpn Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 75-85
    • Kuramoto, K.1    Matsushita, S.2    Kuwajima, I.3    Murakami, M.4
  • 48
    • 0024546199 scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in the Systolic Hypertension Elderly Program (SHEP) pilot study
    • Perry HM, Smith WM, McDonald RH, Black D, Cutler J, Furburg CD, et al. Morbidity and mortality in the Systolic Hypertension Elderly Program (SHEP) pilot study. Stroke. 1989;20:4-13.
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 4-13
    • Perry, H.M.1    Smith, W.M.2    McDonald, R.H.3    Black, D.4    Cutler, J.5    Furburg, C.D.6
  • 49
    • 0022898116 scopus 로고
    • All-cause mortality in the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program: Findings for the whole cohort and for persons with less severe hypertension, with and without other traits related to risk of mortality
    • Langford HG, Stamler J, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Print-as RJ. All-cause mortality in the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program: findings for the whole cohort and for persons with less severe hypertension, with and without other traits related to risk of mortality. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1986;29:29-52.
    • (1986) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.29 , pp. 29-52
    • Langford, H.G.1    Stamler, J.2    Wassertheil-Smoller, S.3    Print-as, R.J.4
  • 50
    • 0015335744 scopus 로고
    • Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. III. Influence of age, diastolic pressure, and prior cardiovascular disease; further analysis of side effects
    • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. III. Influence of age, diastolic pressure, and prior cardiovascular disease; further analysis of side effects. Circulation. 1972;45:991-1004.
    • (1972) Circulation , vol.45 , pp. 991-1004
  • 51
    • 0018579580 scopus 로고
    • Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension. JAMA. 1979;242:2562-71.
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.242 , pp. 2562-2571
  • 52
    • 0018570975 scopus 로고
    • Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. II. Mortality by race-sex and age
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. II. Mortality by race-sex and age. JAMA. 1979;242:2572-7.
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.242 , pp. 2572-2577
  • 53
    • 0019961394 scopus 로고
    • The effect of treatment on mortality in mild hypertension: Results of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. The effect of treatment on mortality in mild hypertension: results of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:976-80.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.307 , pp. 976-980
  • 54
    • 0345152911 scopus 로고
    • Effect of stepped care treatment on the incidence of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Effect of stepped care treatment on the incidence of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. Hypertension. 1984;6:I198-206.
    • (1984) Hypertension , vol.6
  • 55
    • 0023866930 scopus 로고
    • Persistence of reduction in blood pressure and mortality in participants in the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Persistence of reduction in blood pressure and mortality in participants in the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. JAMA. 1988;259:2113-22.
    • (1988) JAMA , vol.259 , pp. 2113-2122
  • 56
    • 84937088759 scopus 로고
    • Patient participation in a hypertension control program
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Patient participation in a hypertension control program. JAMA. 1978;239:1507-14.
    • (1978) JAMA , vol.239 , pp. 1507-1514
  • 59
    • 0023137628 scopus 로고
    • The association of postural changes in systolic blood pressure and mortality in persons with hypertension: The Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program experience
    • Davis BR, Langford HG, Blaufox MD, Curb JD, Polk BF, Schulman NB. The association of postural changes in systolic blood pressure and mortality in persons with hypertension: the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program experience. Circulation. 1987;75:340-6.
    • (1987) Circulation , vol.75 , pp. 340-346
    • Davis, B.R.1    Langford, H.G.2    Blaufox, M.D.3    Curb, J.D.4    Polk, B.F.5    Schulman, N.B.6
  • 60
    • 0020061073 scopus 로고
    • Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. III. Reduction in stroke incidence among persons with high blood pressure
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Five-year findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program. III. Reduction in stroke incidence among persons with high blood pressure. JAMA. 1982;247:633-8.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 633-638
  • 61
    • 84921009356 scopus 로고
    • The Australian therapeutic trial in mild hypertension
    • The Management Committee. The Australian therapeutic trial in mild hypertension. Lancet. 1980;1:1261-7.
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1261-1267
  • 62
    • 0019803542 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of mild hypertension in the elderly. A study initiated and administered by the National Heart Foundation of Australia
    • Treatment of mild hypertension in the elderly. A study initiated and administered by the National Heart Foundation of Australia. Med J Aust. 1981;2:398-402.
    • (1981) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 398-402
  • 63
    • 0021864792 scopus 로고
    • Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial
    • Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P, Bulpitt C, Clement D, Deruyttere M, et al. Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial. Lancet. 1985:1:1349-54.
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1349-1354
    • Amery, A.1    Birkenhager, W.2    Brixko, P.3    Bulpitt, C.4    Clement, D.5    Deruyttere, M.6
  • 64
    • 0022455340 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of antihypertensive treatment according to age, sex, blood pressure, and previous cardiovascular disease in patients over the age of 60
    • Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P, Bulpitt C, Clement D, Deruyttere M, et al. Efficacy of antihypertensive treatment according to age, sex, blood pressure, and previous cardiovascular disease in patients over the age of 60. Lancet. 1986;2:589-92.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 589-592
    • Amery, A.1    Birkenhager, W.2    Brixko, P.3    Bulpitt, C.4    Clement, D.5    Deruyttere, M.6
  • 65
    • 0022469583 scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of treatment of hypertension in the elderly patients in primary care
    • Coope J, Warrender TS. Randomized trial of treatment of hypertension in the elderly patients in primary care. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986;293:1145-8.
    • (1986) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.293 , pp. 1145-1148
    • Coope, J.1    Warrender, T.S.2
  • 66
    • 0024263819 scopus 로고
    • Rationale and design of a randomized clinical trial of prevention of stroke in isolated systolic hypertension
    • The Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) Cooperative Research Group. Rationale and design of a randomized clinical trial of prevention of stroke in isolated systolic hypertension. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41:1197-208.
    • (1988) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.41 , pp. 1197-1208
  • 67
    • 0022397197 scopus 로고
    • Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP): Antihypertensive efficacy of clorthalidone
    • Hulley SB, Furberg CD, Gurland B, McDonald R, Perry HM, Schnaper HW, et al. Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP): Antihypertensive efficacy of clorthalidone. Am J Cardiol. 1985;56:913-20.
    • (1985) Am J Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 913-920
    • Hulley, S.B.1    Furberg, C.D.2    Gurland, B.3    McDonald, R.4    Perry, H.M.5    Schnaper, H.W.6
  • 69
    • 0343014723 scopus 로고
    • Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP): Baseline characteristics of the randomized sample
    • Black HR, Curb JD, Pressel S, Probstfield JL. Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP): Baseline characteristics of the randomized sample. Hypertension. 1991;17(3 Suppl):II171.
    • (1991) Hypertension , vol.17 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Black, H.R.1    Curb, J.D.2    Pressel, S.3    Probstfield, J.L.4
  • 71
    • 0026132684 scopus 로고
    • Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Part 2: Screening and recruitment
    • Petrovitch H, Byington R, Bailey G, Borhani P, Carmody S, Goodwin L, et al. Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Part 2: Screening and recruitment. Hypertension. 1991;17(3 Suppl):II16-23.
    • (1991) Hypertension , vol.17 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Petrovitch, H.1    Byington, R.2    Bailey, G.3    Borhani, P.4    Carmody, S.5    Goodwin, L.6
  • 72
    • 0026512315 scopus 로고
    • Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: Principal results
    • MRC Working Party. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. BMJ. 1992;304:405-16.
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.304 , pp. 405-416
  • 73
    • 0021878778 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in HDFP patients 50-69 years old at entry
    • Maxwell MH, Ford CE. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in HDFP patients 50-69 years old at entry. J. Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1985;7(Suppl 2):S5-9.
    • (1985) J. Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.7 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Maxwell, M.H.1    Ford, C.E.2
  • 74
    • 0025831464 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)
    • SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA. 1991;265:3255-64.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 3255-3264
  • 75
    • 0022000699 scopus 로고
    • Should mild hypertension be treated? An attempted meta-analysis of the clinical trials
    • Sacks HS, Chalmers TC, Berk AA, Reitman D. Should mild hypertension be treated? An attempted meta-analysis of the clinical trials. Mt Sinai J Med. 1985;52:265-70.
    • (1985) Mt Sinai J Med , vol.52 , pp. 265-270
    • Sacks, H.S.1    Chalmers, T.C.2    Berk, A.A.3    Reitman, D.4
  • 76
    • 0025347391 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2. Short-term reductions in blood pressure: Overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiological context
    • Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S, Hebert P, Fiebach N, Eberlein KA, et al. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2. Short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiological context. Lancet. 1990;335:827-38.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.335 , pp. 827-838
    • Collins, R.1    Peto, R.2    MacMahon, S.3    Hebert, P.4    Fiebach, N.5    Eberlein, K.A.6
  • 77
    • 0023278939 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in the elderly
    • Coope J. Hypertension in the elderly. J Hypertens. 1987;5:S69-72.
    • (1987) J Hypertens , vol.5
    • Coope, J.1
  • 78
    • 0024211510 scopus 로고
    • Isolated systolic hypertension: Data from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly
    • O'Malley K, McCormack P, O'Brien ET. Isolated systolic hypertension: data from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly. J Hypertens Suppl. 1988;6:S33-8.
    • (1988) J Hypertens Suppl , vol.6
    • O'Malley, K.1    McCormack, P.2    O'Brien, E.T.3
  • 79
    • 0344577511 scopus 로고
    • Combining results from independent investigations. Meta-analysis in clinical research
    • Bailar JC, Mosteller F, eds. Boston: NEJM Books
    • Taylor-Halvorsen K, Burdik E, Colditz GA, Frazier HS, Mosteller F. Combining results from independent investigations. Meta-analysis in clinical research. In: Bailar JC, Mosteller F, eds. Medical Uses of Statistics. Boston: NEJM Books; 1992:413-26.
    • (1992) Medical Uses of Statistics , pp. 413-426
    • Taylor-Halvorsen, K.1    Burdik, E.2    Colditz, G.A.3    Frazier, H.S.4    Mosteller, F.5
  • 80
    • 0023323240 scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of 'Methodologie Issues in Overviews of Randomized Clinical Trials.'
    • The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and The National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 15-16 May 1986
    • Proceedings of 'Methodologie Issues in Overviews of Randomized Clinical Trials.' The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and The National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 15-16 May 1986. Stat Med. 1987;6:217-409.
    • (1987) Stat Med , vol.6 , pp. 217-409
  • 81
    • 0025816254 scopus 로고
    • Gender disparities in clinical decision making
    • Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association. Gender disparities in clinical decision making. JAMA. 1991;266: 559-62.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.266 , pp. 559-562
  • 82
    • 0025836341 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in women: What is really known?
    • The Women's Caucus, Working Group on Women's Health of the Society of General Internal Medicine
    • Anastos K, Charney P, Charon RA, Cohen E, Jones CY, Marte C, et al. Hypertension in women: what is really known? The Women's Caucus, Working Group on Women's Health of the Society of General Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:287-93.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.115 , pp. 287-293
    • Anastos, K.1    Charney, P.2    Charon, R.A.3    Cohen, E.4    Jones, C.Y.5    Marte, C.6
  • 83
    • 0025037105 scopus 로고
    • Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly
    • Staessen J, Amery A, Fagard R. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. J Hypertens. 1990;8:393-405.
    • (1990) J Hypertens , vol.8 , pp. 393-405
    • Staessen, J.1    Amery, A.2    Fagard, R.3
  • 84
    • 0026408576 scopus 로고
    • High blood pressure in the elderly
    • Bots ML, Grobbee DE, Hofman A. High blood pressure in the elderly. Epidemiol Rev. 1991;13:294-314.
    • (1991) Epidemiol Rev , vol.13 , pp. 294-314
    • Bots, M.L.1    De Grobbee2    Hofman, A.3
  • 85
    • 0024584964 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors in hypertension
    • Kannel WB. Risk factors in hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1989;13(Suppl 1):S4-10.
    • (1989) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.13 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Kannel, W.B.1
  • 86
    • 0020572574 scopus 로고
    • Isolated systolic hypertension and mortality after age 60 years. A prospective population-based study
    • Garland C, Barrett-Connor E, Suarez L. Criqui MH. Isolated systolic hypertension and mortality after age 60 years. A prospective population-based study. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;118:365-76.
    • (1983) Am J Epidemiol , vol.118 , pp. 365-376
    • Garland, C.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Suarez, L.3    Criqui, M.H.4
  • 88
    • 0025892624 scopus 로고
    • Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly
    • Winkler MA, Murphy MB. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly [Editorial]. JAMA. 1991;265:3301-2.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 3301-3302
    • Winkler, M.A.1    Murphy, M.B.2
  • 89
    • 0026501239 scopus 로고
    • A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis
    • Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:78-84.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 78-84
    • Oxman, A.D.1    Guyatt, G.H.2
  • 90
    • 0025345588 scopus 로고
    • Lowering cholesterol and mortality: A quantitative review of primary prevention trials
    • Muldoon MF, Manuck SB, Matthews KA. Lowering cholesterol and mortality: a quantitative review of primary prevention trials. BMJ. 1990;301:309-14.
    • (1990) BMJ , vol.301 , pp. 309-314
    • Muldoon, M.F.1    Manuck, S.B.2    Matthews, K.A.3
  • 91
    • 0023952381 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in various intervention trials in elderly hypertensive patients: A review
    • Staessen J, Faggard R, Van Hoof, Amery A. Mortality in various intervention trials in elderly hypertensive patients: a review. Eur Heart J. 1988;9:215-22.
    • (1988) Eur Heart J , vol.9 , pp. 215-222
    • Staessen, J.1    Faggard, R.2    Van Hoof3    Amery, A.4
  • 92
    • 84930105052 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of treated and untreated hypertension in the elderly
    • Amery A, Staessen J, eds. New York: Elsevier
    • Staessen J, Van Hoof R, Faggard R, Amery A. Epidemiology of treated and untreated hypertension in the elderly. In: Amery A, Staessen J, eds. Hypertension in the Elderly. New York: Elsevier: 1989:320-51.
    • (1989) Hypertension in the Elderly , pp. 320-351
    • Staessen, J.1    Van Hoof, R.2    Faggard, R.3    Amery, A.4
  • 93
    • 0026567697 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of stroke
    • Bonita R. Epidemiology of stroke. Lancet. 1992;339:342-4.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 342-344
    • Bonita, R.1
  • 94
    • 0023952578 scopus 로고
    • Predicting survival after stroke: A three-year follow-up
    • Bonita R, Ford MA, Stewart AW. Predicting survival after stroke: a three-year follow-up. Stroke. 1988;19:669-73.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 669-673
    • Bonita, R.1    Ford, M.A.2    Stewart, A.W.3
  • 96
    • 13644262185 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and the risk of dementia in the elderly
    • Forette F, Boiler F. Hypertension and the risk of dementia in the elderly. Am J Med. 1991;90(Suppl 3A):14S-8S.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.90 , Issue.SUPPL. 3A
    • Forette, F.1    Boiler, F.2
  • 97
    • 0024797776 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological, demographic, and social correlates of disability among the elderly
    • Manton K, Epidemiological, demographic, and social correlates of disability among the elderly. Milbank Q. 1989;67:13-58.
    • (1989) Milbank Q , vol.67 , pp. 13-58
    • Manton, K.1
  • 100
    • 0024389887 scopus 로고
    • Coronary morbidity and mortality, pre-existing silent coronary artery disease, and mild hypertension
    • O'Kelly BF, Massie BM, Tubau JF, Szlachcic J. Coronary morbidity and mortality, pre-existing silent coronary artery disease, and mild hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:1017-26.
    • (1989) Ann Intern Med , vol.110 , pp. 1017-1026
    • O'Kelly, B.F.1    Massie, B.M.2    Tubau, J.F.3    Szlachcic, J.4
  • 102
    • 0002313869 scopus 로고
    • The importance of beta, the type II error, and sample size in the design and interpretation of randomized controlled trial. Survey of two sets of "negative" trials
    • Bailar J, Mosteller F, eds. Boston
    • Freiman JA, Chalmers TC, Smith H, Kuebler RR. The importance of beta, the type II error, and sample size in the design and interpretation of randomized controlled trial. Survey of two sets of "negative" trials. In: Bailar J, Mosteller F, eds. Boston: NEJM Books; 1992:357-73.
    • (1992) NEJM Books , pp. 357-373
    • Freiman, J.A.1    Chalmers, T.C.2    Smith, H.3    Kuebler, R.R.4
  • 103
    • 0022220557 scopus 로고
    • Unrecognized myocardial infarction and hypertension: The Framingham Study
    • Kannel WB, Dannenberg AL, Abbott RD. Unrecognized myocardial infarction and hypertension: the Framingham Study. Am Heart J. 1985;109:581-5.
    • (1985) Am Heart J , vol.109 , pp. 581-585
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Dannenberg, A.L.2    Abbott, R.D.3
  • 104
    • 0025962916 scopus 로고
    • The J-curve phenomenon and the treatment of hypertension. Is there a point beyond which pressure reduction is dangerous?
    • Farnett L, Mulrow CD, Linn WD, Lucey CR, Tuley MR. The J-curve phenomenon and the treatment of hypertension. Is there a point beyond which pressure reduction is dangerous? JAMA. 1991;265:489-95.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 489-495
    • Farnett, L.1    Mulrow, C.D.2    Linn, W.D.3    Lucey, C.R.4    Tuley, M.R.5
  • 105
    • 0023122783 scopus 로고
    • Benefits and potential harm of lowering high blood pressure
    • Cruickshank JM, Thorp JM, Zacharias FJ. Benefits and potential harm of lowering high blood pressure. Lancet. 1987;1:581-4.
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 581-584
    • Cruickshank, J.M.1    Thorp, J.M.2    Zacharias, F.J.3
  • 106
    • 0027125558 scopus 로고
    • How far should blood pressure be lowered?
    • Fletcher AE, Bulpitt CJ. How far should blood pressure be lowered? N Engl J Med. 1992;326:251-4.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , pp. 251-254
    • Fletcher, A.E.1    Bulpitt, C.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.