Democracy and Symbiosis in the European Union: Towards a Confederal Consociation?

West European Politics

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 1994, Pages 1-14

  Chryssochoou, Dimitris N ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONCEPTUAL APPROACH; CONFEDERAL CONSOCIATION; DEMOCRACY; EUROPEAN COMMUNITY; GEOPOLITICAL STUDIES;

EUROPE, (WEST);

EID: 0028588173     PISSN: 01402382     EISSN: 17439655     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01402389408425040     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Carl Cohen, Democracy (Univ. of Georgia Press: Athens, 1971), p. 41.
2. Paul Taylor, International Organization in the Modern World: The Regional and the Global Process (London and New York: Pinter Publishers, 1993), p.36.
3. Ibid.
4. Paul Taylor, ‘The European Community and the state: Assumptions, theories and propositions’, Review of International Studies, April 1991, p.108. On the relationship between the interwoven worlds of European integration and the various identities involved in its context see Anthony D, Smith, ‘National identity and the idea of European unity’, International Affairs, Jan. 1992, pp.55–76.
5. Taylor (note 2), preface.
6. Ralf Dahrendorf, Society and Democracy in Germany (London: Weidenfeld, 1967), p.267.
7. Paul Taylor, ‘Consociationalism and federalism as approaches to international integration’, in A. J. P. Groom and Paul Taylor (eds.), Frameworks for International Co-operation (London: Pinter, 1990), pp.176–7.
8. Ibid, p.176 and p.181.
9. Taylor (note 2), p.88.
10. Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (London: Yale UP, London, 1977), p.37. See also by the same author, ‘Consociational Theory: Problems and Prospects’, Comparative Politics, April 1981, pp.255–60. for a comprehensive critique on Lijphart's theory of consociational democracy see Sue M. Halpern, ‘The Disorderly Universe of Consociational Democracy’, West European Politics 9/2 (April 1986), pp.181–97.
11. Gerald McDaniel, The Danish Unicameral Parliament, unpublished PhD dissertation, Univ. of California, Berkeley 1963. Quoted from Arend Lijphart, ‘Consociational Democracy’, World Politics 21/2 (1969), p.225.
12. Emil J. Kirchner, ‘The European Community: A Transnational Democracy?’, in Ian Budge and David McKay (eds.), Developing Democracy (London: Sage, 1994).
13. Taylor, (note 2), p.41. On the usage of the word ‘cobweb’ see A. J. R. Groom and Paul Taylor (eds.), Functionalism: Theory and Practice in International Relations (London: Univ. of London Press, 1975).
14. Dimitris N. Chryssochoou, The Consociational Dimension of European Integration: Limits and Possibilities of Transnational Democracy, Occas. Res. Paper No. 6, Inst, of Int. Relations Centre for European Affairs (Athens: Panteion University, July 1994).
15. On this point see also Ronald Sturm and Charlie Jeffery, ‘German Unity, European Integration and the future of the Federal system: Revival or Permanent Loss of Substance?’, in their editorial, Federalism, Unification and European Integration (London: Frank Cass, 1993), pp. 164–76.
16. This definition draws heavily upon Kaiser's analysis on the concept of legitimacy in the conduct of transnational relations. See Karl Kaiser, ‘Transnational Relations and the Democractic Process’, in Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye (eds.) Transnational Relations and World Politics (Cambridge: UP: Harvard, 1981), p.357.
17. David Beetham, The Legitimation of Power (London: Macmillan, 1991), pp. 15–25. On the question of legitimacy in international relations in general and in post-Maastricht Europe in particular, see respectively B. Dennitch (ed.) Legitimation of Regimes: International Frameworks for Analysis (London: Sage, 1979); and Joseph H. H. Weiller, ‘After Maastricht: Community Legitimacy in Post-1992 Europe’, in William James Adams, Singular Europe (Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press, 1992), pp.ll–41.
18. Stelios Stavridis, ‘Democracy in Europe: West and East’, Conference Proceedings, Peoples’ Rights and European Structures (Centre Unesco de Catalunya: Manresa, Sept. 1993), p.130.
19. Ibid. See also A. Hartley, ‘Maastricht's problematic future’, The World Today, Oct. 1992, pp. 179-82; and Helen Wallace, ‘European Governance in Turbulent Times’, Journal of Common Market Studies, Sept. 1993, pp.293–303.
20. Laurence Stapleton, The Design of Democracy (NY: OUP, 1949), p.233.
21. Robert A. Dahl, A Preface to Democratic Theory (Chicago: Chicago UP, 1956), p.3.
22. Donald J. Puchala, ‘Domestic Politics and Regional Harmonisation in the European Communities’, World Politics, July 1975, p.519. Quoted from Miles Kaher, ‘The Survival of the State in European International Relations’, in Carles Maier (ed.), Changing the boundaries of the Political (Cambridge: CUP, 1987), p.301.
23. Gordon Smith, ‘A Future for the Nation-State?’, in Leonard Tivey (ed.), The Nation-State (Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1981), p.202.
24. Vucina Vasovic, ‘Polyarchical or Consociational Democracy?’, in Tatu Vanhanen (ed.), Strateties of Demoralisation (London: Crane Russak. 1992), p.91.
25. Peter Bachrach, The Theory of Democratic Elitism: A Critique (London: Univ. of London Press, 1967). For a more recent account on the role of political elites in Western democracies see Eva Etzioni-Halevy, The Elite Connection (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993).
26. Cohen (note 1), p.49.
27. Dimitris N. Chryssochoou, ‘Unfulfilled Democracy: Some Normative Criticisms on the European Community's Governing Press’, paper presented at the workshop on ‘Democratic Representation and the Legitimacy of Government in the EC’, at the 22nd Annual ECPR Joint Sessions, Madrid, 17–22 April 1994.
28. Paul Taylor, ‘The Politics of the European Communities: The Confederal Phase’, World Politics, April 1975, p.336.