Multiple sclerosis immunomodulatory effects of human astrocytes on t cells

Brain

Volumn 117, Issue 6, 1994, Pages 1323-1332

  Meinl, Edgar ^a   Aloisi, Francesca ^c   Ertl, Birgit ^a   Weber, Frank ^a   Malefyt, Rene De Waal ^d   Wekerle, Hartmut ^a   Hohlfeld, Reinhard ^a,b  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^c ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITÀ   (Italy)

^d MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Autoimmunity; Lesion; Multiple sclerosis; T cell

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; GAMMA INTERFERON; INDOMETACIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA2;

ARTICLE; ASTROCYTE; CELL CULTURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMBRYO; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOMODULATION; LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION; MONONUCLEAR CELL; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; T LYMPHOCYTE;

ASTROCYTES; BRAIN; CELL DIVISION; EMBRYO; HUMAN; INTERFERON TYPE II; INTERLEUKIN-4; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; T-LYMPHOCYTES; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

EID: 0028575875     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/117.6.1323     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Albina JE, Abate JA, Henry WL Jr. Nitric oxide production is required for murine resident peritoneal macrophages to suppress mitogen-stimulated T cell proliferation. Role of IH'J-y in the induction of the nitric oxide-synthesizing pathway. J Immunol 1991; 147:144-8.
2. Aloisi F, Borsellino G, Samoggia P, Testa U, Chelucci C, Russo G, et al. Astrocyte cultures from human embryonic brain: characterization and modulation of surface molecules by inflammatory cytokines. J Neurosci Res 1992a; 32: 494-506.
3. Aloisi F, Carè A, Borsellino G, Gallo P, Rosa S, Bassani A, et al. Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, colony- stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL- lß and tumor necrosis factor-oc. J Immunol 1992b; 149:2358-66.
4. Betz M, Fox BS. Prostaglandin E2 inhibits production of Thl lymphokines but not of Th2 lymphokines. J Immunol 1991; 146: 108-13.
5. Bodmer S, Strommer K, Frei K, Siepl C, de Tribolet N, Heid I, et al. Immunosuppression and transforming growth factor-ß in glioblastoma. Preferential production of transforming growth factor- ß2. J Immunol 1989; 143: 3222-9.
6. Bottenstein JE, Sato GM. Growth of a rat neuroblastoma cell line in serum-free supplemented medium. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1979; 76: 514-17.
7. Boyle EA, McGeer PL. Cellular immune response in multiple sclerosis plaques. Am J Pathol 1990; 137: 575-84.
8. Cannella B, Raine CS. The adhesion molecule/cytokine profile of multiple sclerosis lesions. Ann Neurol 1944. In press.
9. Chao CC, Molitor TW, Hu S. Neuroprotective role of IL-4 against activated microglia. J Immunol 1993; 151: 1473-81.
10. Chung IY, Norris JG, Benveniste EN. Differential tumor necrosis factor a expression by astrocytes from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis-susceptible and -resistant rat strains. J Exp Med 1991; 173: 813-22.
11. Compston A, Scolding N, Wren D, Noble M. The pathogenesis of demyelinating disease: insights from cell biology. [Review], Trends Neurosci 1991; 14: 175-82.
12. Constam DB, Philipp J, Malipiero UV, ten Dijke P, Schachner M, Fontana A. Differential expression of transforming growth factor- ß 1, -ß2, and -ß3 by glioblastoma cells, astrocytes, and microglia. J Immunol 1992; 148: 1404-10.
13. Couldwell WT, Dore-Duffy P, Apuzzo MU, Antel JP. Malignant glioma modulation of immune function: relative contribution of different soluble factors. J Neuroimmunol 1991; 33: 89-96.
14. de Waal Malefyt R, Abrams J, Bennett B, Figdor CG, de Vries JE. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. J Exp Med 1991a; 174: 1209-20.
15. de Waal Malefyt R, Haanen J, Spits H, Roncarolo M-G, te Velde A, Figdor C, et al. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and viral IL-10 strongly reduce antigen-specific human T cell proliferation by diminishing the antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes via downregulation of class II major histocompatibility complex expression. J Exp Med 1991b; 174: 915-24.
16. de Waal Malefyt R, Yssel H, de Vries JE. Direct effects of 1L-10 on subsets of human CD4+ T cell clones and resting T cells. Specific inhibition of IL-2 production and proliferation. J Immunol 1993; 150: 4754-65.
17. Eylar EH, Kniskem PJ, Jackson JJ. Myelin basic proteins. Methods Enzymol 1979; 32B: 323-41.
18. Fontana A, Kristensen F, Dubs R, Gemsa D, Weber E. Production of prostaglandin E and an interleukin-1 like factor by cultured astrocytes and C6 glioma cells. J Immunol 1982; 129: 2413-19.
19. Fontana A, Fierz W, Wekerle H. Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T-cell lines. Nature 1984; 307: 273-6.
20. Gehrmann J, Banati RB, Kreutzberg GW. Microglia in the immune surveillance of the brain: human microglia constitutively express HLA-DR molecules. J Neuroimmunol 1993; 48: 189-98.
21. Hofman FM, von Hanwehr RI, Dinarello CA, Mizel SB, Hinton D, Merrill JE. Immunoregulatory molecules and IL-2 receptors identified in multiple sclerosis brain. J Immunol 1986; 136: 3239-15.
22. Hohlfeld R. Neurological autoimmune disease and the trimolecular complex of T-lymphocytes. [Review]. Ann Neurol 1989; 25: 531-8.
23. Khoury SJ, Hancock WW, Weiner HL. Oral tolerance to myelin basic protein and natural recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are associated with downregulation of inflam-matory cytokines and differential upregulation of transforming growth factor ß, interleukin 4, and prostaglandin E expression in the brain. J Exp Med 1992; 176: 1355-64.
24. Lee SC, Dickson DW, Liu W, Brosnan CF. Induction of nitric oxide synthase activity in human astrocytes by interleukin-lß and interferon-y. J Neuroimmunol 1993a; 46: 19-24.
25. Lee SC, Liu W, Dickson DW, Brosnan CF, Berman JW. Cytokine production by human fetal microglia and astrocytes. Differential induction by lipopolysaccharide and 1L-Iß. J Immunol 1993b; 150: 2659-67.
26. Lee SC, Liu W, Roth P, Dickson DW, Berman JW, Brosnan CF. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor in human fetal astrocytes and microglia. Differential regulation by cytokines and lipopolysaccharide, and modulation of class II MHC on microglia. J Immunol 1993c; 150: 594-604.
27. Lowenstein CJ, Snyder SH. Nitric oxide, a novel biologic messenger. [Review], Cell 1992; 70: 705-7.
28. Lucas C, Fendly BM, Mukku VR, Wong WL, Palladino MA. Generation of antibodies and assays for transforming growth factor ß. Methods Enzymol 1991; 198: 303-16.
29. McDonald WI, Miller DH, Bames D. The pathological evolution of multiple sclerosis. [Review], Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1992; 18: 319-34.
30. McFarlin DE, McFarland HF. Multiple sclerosis. [Review], N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1183-8; 1246-51.
31. Massa PT, ter Meulen V, Fontana A. Hyperinducibility of la antigen on astrocytes correlated with strain-specific susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1987; 84: 4219-23.
32. Matsumoto Y, Ohmori K, Fujiwara M. Immune regulation by brain cells in the central nervous system: microglia but not astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T cells under in v/vo-mimicking conditions. Immunology 1992; 76: 209-16.
33. Matsumoto Y, Hanawa H, Tsuchida M, Abo T. In situ inactivation of infiltrating T cells in the central nervous system with autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The role of astrocytes. Immunology 1993; 79: 381-90.
34. Meager A. Assays for transforming growth factor ß. [Review]. J Immunol Methods 1991; 141: 1-14.
35. Meinl E, Weber F, Drexler K, Morelle C, Ott M, Saruhan-Direskeneli G, et al. Myelin basic protein-specific T lymphocyte repertoire in multiple sclerosis: complexity of the response and dominance of nested epitopes due to recruitment of multiple T cell clones. J Clin Invest 1993; 92: 2633-13.
36. Mills CD. Molecular basis of ‘suppressor’ macrophages. Arginine metabolism via the nitric oxide synthetase pathway. J Immunol 1991; 146: 2719-23.
37. Nevinny-Stickel C, Bettinotti MD, Andreas A, Hinzpeter M, Mühlegger K, Schmitz G, et al. Nonradioactive HLA class II typing using polymerase chain reaction and digoxigenin-ll-2-3-dideoxy- uridinetriphosphate-labeled oligonucleotide probes. Hum Immunol 1991; 31: 7-13.
38. Pette M, Fujita K, Wilkinson D, Altmann DM, Trowsdale J, Giegerich G, et al. Myelin autoreactivity in multiple sclerosis: recognition of myelin basic protein in the context of HLA-DR2 products by T lymphocytes of multiple sclerosis patients and healthy donors. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1990; 87: 7968-72.
39. Racke MK, Dhib-Jalbut S, Cannella B, Albert PS, Raine CS, McFarlin DE. Prevention and treatment of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by transforming growth factor-ßl. J Immunol 1991; 146: 3012-17.
40. Sébire G, Emilie D, Wallon C, Héry C, Devergne O, Delfraissy J¬F, et al. In vitro production of IL-6, IL-lß, and tumor necrosis factor-a by human embryonic microglial and neural cells. J Immunol 1993; 150: 1517-23.
41. Sedgwick JD, Mößner R, Schwender S, ter Meulen V. Major histocompatibility complex-expressing nonhematopoietic astroglial cells prime only CD8+ T lymphocytes: astroglial cells as perpetuators but not initiators of CD4+ T cell responses in the central nervous system. J Exp Med 1991; 173: 1235-46.
42. Smith ME, Stone LA, Albert PS, Frank JA, Martin R, Armstrong M, et al. Clinical worsening in multiple sclerosis is associated with increased frequency and area of gadopentetate dimeglumine- enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions. Ann Neurol 1993; 33: 480-9.
43. Snyder DS, Beller DI, Unanue ER. Prostaglandins modulate macrophage la expression. Nature 1982; 299: 163-5.
44. Suzumura A, Sawada M, Yamamoto H, Marunouchi T. Transforming growth factor-ß suppresses activation and proliferation of microglia in vitro. J Immunol 1993; 151: 2150-8.
45. Tsunawaki S, Sporn M, Ding A, Nathan C. Deactivation of macrophages by transforming growth factor-ß [letter]. Nature 1988; 334: 260-2.
46. Vercammen C, Ceuppens JL. Prostaglandin E2 inhibits human T-cell proliferation after crosslinking of the CD3-Ti complex by directly affecting T cells at an early step of the activation process. Cell Immunol 1987; 104: 24-36.
47. Wahl SM, Hunt DA, Wong HL, Dougherty S, McCartney-Francis N, Wahl LM, et al. Transforming growth factor-ß is a potent immunosuppressive agent that inhibits IL-1 dependent lymphocyte proliferation. J Immunol 1988; 140: 3026-32.
48. Wahl SM, McCartney-Francis N, Mergenhagen SE. Inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles of TGF-ß. Immunol Today 1989; 10: 258-61.
49. Weber F, Meinl E, Aloisi F, Nevinny-Stickel C, Albert E, Wekerle H, et al. Human astrocytes are only partially competent antigen presenting cells: possible implications for lesion development in multiple sclerosis. Brain 1994; 117: 59-69.
50. Wekerle H. Myelin specific, autoaggressive T cell clones in the normal immune repertoire: their nature and their regulation. [Review]. Int Rev Immunol 1992; 9: 231-41.
51. Wekerle H, Linington C, Lassmann H, Meyermann R. Cellular immune reactivity within the CNS. Trends Neurosci 1986; 9: 271-7.
52. Wekerle H, Sun D, Oropeza-Wekerle RL, Meyermann R. Immune reactivity in the nervous system: modulation of T-lymphocyte activation by glial cells. [Review], J Exp Biol 1987; 132: 43-57.
53. Wilkin GP, Marriott DR, Cholewinski AJ. Astrocyte heterogeneity. [Review]. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 43-6.
54. Williams K Jr, Ulvestad E, Cragg L, Blain M, Antel JP. Induction of primary T cell responses by human glial cells. J Neurosci Res 1993; 36: 382-90.
55. Wu E, Raine CS. Multiple sclerosis. Interactions between oligo¬dendrocytes and hypertrophic astrocytes and their occurrence in other, nondemyelinating conditions. Lab Invest 1992; 67: 88-99.
56. Yong VW, Yong FP, Ruijs TCG, Antel JP, Kim SU. Expression and modulation of HLA-DR on cultured human adult astrocytes. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1991; 50: 16-28.
57. Yssel H, de Waal Malefyt R, Roncarolo M-G, Abrams JS, Lahesmaa R, Spits H, et al. IL-10 is produced by subsets of human CD4+ T cell clones and peripheral blood T cells. J Immunol 1992; 149: 2378-84.