Specific detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A gene sequences in clinical isolates

Molecular and Cellular Probes

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 1994, Pages 463-467

  Tang, Yajarayma J ^a   Gumerlock, Paul H ^a   Weiss, Judith B ^a   Silva, Joseph ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

C. difficile; PCR; Toxin A

Indexed keywords

EID: 0028558619     PISSN: 08908508     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/mcpr.1994.1066     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Lyerly, D. M., Krivan, H. C. & Wilkins, T. D. (1988). Clostridium difficile: its disease and toxins. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1, 1-18.
2. Hatheway, C. L. (1990). Toxigenic Clostridia. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1990; 1, 66-98.
3. Fekety, R. & Akshay, B. S. (1993). Diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis, journal of the American Medical Association 6, 71-5.
4. Wren, B., Clayton, C. & Tabaqchali, S. (1990). Rapid identification of toxigenic Clostridium difficileby polymerase chain reaction. Lancet 335, 423.
5. Kato, N., Ou, C. Y., Kato, H., Bartley, S. L., Brown, V. K., Dowell, V. R. & Ueno, K. (1991). Identification of Clostridium difficile by the polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 29, 33-7.
6. McMillin, D. E., Muldrow, L. L. & Laggette, S. J. (1992). Simultaneous detection of toxin A and toxin B genetic determinants of Clostridium difficile using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, 81-3.
7. Gumedock, P. H., Tang, Y. J., Meyers, F. J. & Silva, J. (1991). Use of the polymerase chain reaction for the specific and direct detection of Clostridium difficile in human feces. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 13, 1053-60.
8. Gumerlock, P. H., Tang, Y. J., Weiss, J. B. & Silva, J. (1993). Specific detection of toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31, 507-11.
9. Kuhl, S. J., Tang, Y. J., Navarro, L., Gumerlock, P. H. & Silva, J. (1993). Diagnosis and monitoring of Clostridium difficile infections with the polymerase chain reaction. Clinical Infectious Diseases 16 (Suppl 4), S234-8.
10. Kato, N., Ou, CY., Kato, H., Bartley, S. L., Luo, C. C., Kilgore, G. & Ueno, K. (1993). Detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in stool specimens by the polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Infectious Diseases 167, 455-8.
11. Torres, J. F. (1991). Purification and characterization of toxin B from a strain of C/ostndfum difficile that does not produce toxin A. journal of Medical Microbiology 35, 40-4.
12. George, W. L., Sutter, V. L., Citron, D, & Finegold, S. M. (1979). Selective and differential medium for the isolation of Clostridium difficile, journal of Clinical Microbiology 9, 214-9.
13. Rifkin, G. D., Fekety, R. & Silva, J. (1979). Neutralization by C/ostridium sordef/ii antitoxin of toxins implicated in clindamycin-induced cecitis in the hamster. Castroentemlogy 75, 422-4.
14. Mullis, K. B. & Faloona, F. A. (1987).'Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction. Methods in Enzymology 155, 335-50.
15. Martinez, R. D. & Wilkins, T. D. (1988). Purification and characterization of Cfostndium sordef/ii hemorrhagic toxin and cross-reactivity with Clostridium difficile toxin A (enterotoxin). Infection and Immunity 56, 1215-21.
16. Fluit, A. C., Wolfhagen, M. J., Verdonk, G. P., Jansze, M., Torensma, R. & Verhoef, J. (1991). Nontoxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile lack the genes for both toxin A and toxin B, Journal of Cfinicaf Microbiology 29, 2666-7.
17. Lyerly, D. M., Barroso, L. A., Wilkins, T. D., Depitre, C. & Corthier, G. (1992). Characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile. Infection and Immunity 60, 4633-9.
18. Borriello, S. P., Wren, B. W., Hyde, S., Seddon, S. V., Sibbons, P., Krishna, M. M., Tabaqchali, S., Manek, S. & Price, B. (1992). Molecular, immunological and biological characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile. Infection and Immunity 60, 4192-9.