Alcohol and the liver: 1994 update

Gastroenterology

Volumn 106, Issue 4, 1994, Pages 1085-1105

  Lieber, Charles S ^a  

^a VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETALDEHYDE; BETA CAROTENE; RETINOL;

ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; ALCOHOLISM; CANCER RISK; DRUG ALCOHOL INTERACTION; DRUG METABOLISM; HUMAN; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LIVER CARCINOGENESIS; LIVER MICROSOME METABOLISM; MALNUTRITION; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0028350768     PISSN: 00165085     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90772-2     Document Type: Review

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12. Chronic ethanol consumption alters rat liver plasma membranes and potentiates release of alkaline phosphatase
13. Recent advances in the treatment of liver disease
14. Phosphatidylcholine protects against fibrosis and cirrhosis in the baboon
15. 3 content and changes in phospholipids
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18. Ethanol and signal transduction in the liver
19. Ethanol causes desensitization of receptormediated phospholipase C activation in isolated hepatocytes
20. Attenuation of alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis by polyunsaturated lecithin
21. Dietary linoleic acid is required for development of experimentally induced alcoholic liver injury
22. Tierexperimentelle Studien zur Pharmakokinetik der ‘essentiellen’ Phospholipide (EPL)
23. Severe and progressive steatosis and focal necrosis in rat liver induced by continuous intragastric infusion of ethanol and low fat diet
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51. Plasma cortisol levels following ethanol in sons of alcoholics and controls
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53. Impaired ethanol metabolism with advancing age
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57. Women and alcohol use and abuse
58. Sex-specific cytochrome P450 as a cause of sex- and species-related differences in drug toxicity
59. Alcohol consumption enhances fatty acid ω-oxidation, with a greater increase in male than in female rats
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61. Fatty acid-binding protein: a major contributor to the ethanol-induced increase in liver cytosolic proteins in the rat
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64. Gender differences in the response of hepatic fatty acids and cytosolic fatty acid-binding capacity to alcohol consumption in rats
65. A population-based twin study of alcoholism in women
66. Investigation of the role of polymorphisms at the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase loci in genetic predisposition to alcohol-related end-organ damage
67. Polymorphism of the alcohol dehydrogenase, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities: implications in alcoholic cirrhosis in white patients
68. Haplotype analysis of type I collagen gene and its association with alcoholic cirrhosis in man
69. No evidence for involvement of type I collagen structural genes in “genetic predisposition” to alcoholic cirrhosis
70. Role of intestinal bacterial overgrowth in ethanol production and metabolism in rats
71. On the role of alcohol dehydrogenase in ω-oxidation of fatty acids
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73. New human liver alcohol dehydrogenase forms with unique kinetic characteristics
74. Identification of a human stomach alcohol dehydrogenase with distinctive kinetic properties
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76. A human alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH6) encoding an additional class of isozyme
77. 2-receptor antagonists, and its effect on the bioavailability of ethanol
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79. Ethanol metabolism by gastric cells in culture ans its inhibition by cimetidine (abstr)
80. Lack of alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities in the stomach of Japanese subjects
81. Effect of concentration of ingested ethanol on blood alcohol levels
82. First-pass gastric mucosal metabolism of ethanol is negligible in the rat
83. First pass metabolism of ethanol in rats is predominantly gastric
84. Comparison of blood alcohol concentrations after beer and whiskey
85. Effects of fasting and chronic alcohol consumption on the first pass metabolism of ethanol
86. The gastric origin of the first pass metabolism of ethanol in man: effect of gastrectomy
87. Aspirin increases blood alcohol concentrations in human after ingestion of ethanol
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89. 2-receptor antagonists on gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity
90. Effects of various concomitant medications on gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and first pass metabolism of ethanol
91. Short report: the effect of ranitidine on the post-prandial absorption of a low dose of alcohol
92. 2-receptor antagonists and ethanol metabolism in man and in rats
93. 2-receptor antagonists
94. 2-receptor antagonists
95. Effect of cimetidine on the elimination and actions of ethanol
96. First pass metabolism of alcohol: Absence of Diurnal variation and its inhibition by cimetidine after an evening meal (abstr)
97. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists do not alter serum ethanol levels in fed, nonalcohlic men
98. Evidence for increased urate production by activation of adenine nucleotide turnover
99. Mitochondrial dysfunction in alcoholic patients as assessed by breath analysis
100. Effect of ethanol on lipid metabolism in cultured hepatocytes
101. Experimental alcohol-induced hepatic necrosis: Suppression by propylthiouracil
102. The hepatic blood flow and splanchnic oxygen consumption in alcohol fatty liver
103. Mechanism for selective perivenular hepatotoxicity of ethanol
104. Effect of acute and chronic ethanol consumption on hepatic tissue oxygen tension in rats
105. Increased hepatic oxygenation following ethanol administration in baboon
106. The effect of ethanol upon systemic hepatic blood flow in man
107. Ethanol-induced increase in portal hepatic blood flow: interference by anesthetic agents
108. Impaired oxygen utilization: a new mechanism for the hepatotoxicity of ethanol in sub-human primates
109. Acute and chronic ethanol on hepatic oxygen ethanol and lactate metabolism in cats
110. Role of xanthine oxidase in ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation in rats
111. Alcohol and the liver Metabolism of ethanol metabolic effects and pathogenesis of injury
112. Effetto delia somministrazione di alcool etilico su alcune attivita enzimatiche del fegato di ratto
113. Hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system: in vitro characteristics and adaptive properties in vivo
114. Attenuation of the ethanol induced hepatic redox change after chronic alcohol consumption in baboons: metabolic consequences in vivo and in vitro
115. Studies with cDNA probes on the in vivo effect of ethanol on expression of the genes of alcohol metabolism
116. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase in alcoholic addicts with and without hepatic damage
117. Characteristics of alcohol dehydrogenase in fat-storing (Ito) cells of rat liver
118. Effects of ethanol on prostanoid production by fat-storing cells
119. Ethanol oxidation by hepatic microsomes: adaptive increase after ethanol feeding
120. Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS): Purification and properties of a rat liver system free of catalase and alcohol dehydrogenase
121. Hepatic microsomal alcohol oxidizing system Solubilization, isolation and characterization
122. Reconstitution of the microsomal ethanoloxidizing system: qualitative and quantitative changes of cytochrome P-450 after chronic ethanol consumption
123. The direct oxidation of ethanol by catalase- and alcohol dehydrogenase-free reconstituted system containing cytochrome P-450
124. Purification and characterization of a unique isozyme of cytochrome P-450 from liver microsomes of ethanol-treated rabbits
125. Catalytic activity of cytochrome P-450 isozyme 3a isolated from liver microsomes of ethanoltreated rabbits
126. Comparison of six rabbit liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes in formation of a reactive metabolite of acetaminophen
127. Mechanisms of hydroxyl radical formation and ethanol oxidation by ethanol-inducible and other forms of rabbit liver microsomal cytochromes P-450
128. Identification of ethanol-inducible P-450 isozyme 3a as the acetone and acetol monooxygenase of rabbit microsomes
129. Metabolism of nitrosamines by purified rabbit liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes
130. Purification and characterization of human liver cytochrome P-450-ALC
131. The intralobular distribution of ethanol-inducible P450IIE1 in rat and human liver
132. Role of acetone, dietary fat, and total energy intake in the induction of the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system
133. Multiple mechanism in the regulation of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450IIE1
134. Complementary DMA and protein sequences of ethanol-inducible rat and human cytochrome P-450s: Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the rat enzyme
135. Stabilization of cytochrome P450J messenger ribonucleic acid in the diabetic rat
136. cDNA and derived amino acid sequence of ethanolinducible rabbit liver cytochrome P-450 isozyme 3a (P450ALC)
137. Ethanol-, fasting, and acetone-inducible cytochromes P-450 in rat liver: regulation and characteristics of enzymes belonging to the IIB and IIE gene subfamilies
138. Induction and tissue-specific expression of rabbit cytochrome P450IIE1 and IIE2 genes
139. Ligand-dependent maintenance of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 in primary rat hepatocyte cell cultures
140. Induction of rat hepatic N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase by acetone is due to protein stabilization
141. Induction of rat hepatic P450IIE1 (CYP 2E1) by pyridine: Evidence for a role of protein synthesis in the absence of transcriptional activation
142. Evidence for increased translational efficiency in the induction of P450IIE1 by solvents: analysis of P450IIE1 mRNA polyribosomal distribution
143. Molecular regulation of ethanol inducible cytochrome P450-IIE1 in hamsters
144. Ethanol interferes with regeneration-associated changes in biotransforming enzymes: A potential mechanism underlying ethanol's carcinogenicity?
145. Induction of P4502E1 in human liver by ethanol is due to a corresponding increase in encoding mRNA
146. In vivo induction of hepatic P4502E1 by ethanol: Role of increased enzyme synthesis
147. Cytochrome P450 CYP 2E1 induction during chronic alcohol exposure occurs by a two-step mechanism associated with blood alcohol concentration in rats
148. Induction of cytochrome P450 2E1 during chronic ethanol exposure occurs via transcription of the CYP 2E1 gene when blood alcohol concentrations are high
149. Hepatic triacylglycerol synthesizing activity during progression of alcoholic liver injury in the baboon
150. Increase of ethanol meprobamate and pentobarbital metabolism after chronic ethanol administration in man and in rats
151. Differences in the duration of the enhancement of liver mixed-function oxidase activities in ethanol-fed rats after withdrawal
152. Interaction of methadone and ethanol metabolism
153. Increased carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity, and its mechanism, after chronic ethanol consumption
154. Effect of chronic ethanol administration on bromobenzene liver toxicity in the rat
155. Influence of alcohol, dithiocard and (+)-catechin on the hepatotoxicity and metabolism of vinylidene chloride in rats
156. Interaction of ethanol with enflurane metabolism and toxicity: role of P450IIE1
157. Potentiation of halothane hepatotoxicity by chronic ethanol administration in rat: An animal model of halothane hepatitis
158. Kinetic studies on benzene metabolism in rat liver—possible presence of three forms of benzene metabolizing enzymes in the liver
159. Effect of combined phenylbutazone and ethanol administration on rat liver
160. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in alcoholics (clinical review)
161. Alcohol and cancer
162. Enhancement of dimethylnitrosamine metabolism and activation to a mutagen following chronic ethanol consumption
163. Enhanced pulmonary and intestinal activation of procarcinogens and mutagens after chronic ethanol consumption in the rat
164. Ethanol and intestinal carcinogenesis in the rat
165. Immunohistochemical localization of ethanol-inducible P450IIE1 in the rat alimentary tract
166. Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on activation of nitrosopyrrolidine to a mutagen by rat upper alimentary tract, lung and hepatic tissue
167. Alcohol and cancer
168. Hepatic vitamin A depletion in alcoholic liver injury
169. Hepatic vitamin A depletion after chronic ethanol consumption in baboons and rats
170. New pathway for retinol metabolism in liver microsomes
171. +-dependent retinol dehydrogenase in liver microsomes
172. Retinoic acid metabolism by a system reconstituted with cytochrome P-450
173. Metabolism of retinol and retinoic acid by human liver cytochrome P450IIC8
174. Potentiation of ethanol-induced hepatic vitamin A depletion by phenobarbital and butylated hydroxytoluene
175. Decreased hepatic vitamin A after drug administration in humans and in rats
176. Effect of hepatic vitamin A depletion on the liver in men and rats
177. Interaction of drugs and retinol
178. Hypervitaminosis A: A liver lover's lament
179. Hepatotoxicity of vitamin A and ethanol in the rat
180. Hepatic fibrosis after long term administration of ethanol and moderate vitamin A supplementation in the rat
181. Interaction of ethanol with β-carotene: Delayed blood clearance and enhanced hepatotoxicity
182. Differential depletion of carotenoids and tocopherol in liver diseases
183. Perspectives: Do alcohol calories count?
184. The energy cost of the metabolism of drugs, including ethanol
185. Properties of catalase: Catalysis of coupled oxidation of alcohols
186. Hepatocellular peroxisones in human alcoholic and drug-induced hepatitis: A quantitative study
187. Fatty acid-dependent ethanol metabolism
188. Metabolic effects of ethanol in perfused rat liver
189. Nonoxidative ethanol metabolism in rabbit myocardium: Purification to homogeneity of fatty acyl ethyl ester synthase
190. Presence of nonoxidative ethanol metabolism in human organs commonly damaged by ethanol abuse
191. Metabolic homeostasis of l-threonine in the normally-fed rat
192. High levels of acetaldehyde in non-alcoholic liver injury after threonine or ethanol administration
193. Acetaldehyde oxidation by hepatic mitochondria: Its decrease after chronic ethanol consumption
194. Determinants of plasma free acetaldehyde level during the oxidation of ethanol: effects of chronic ethanol feeding
195. Depressed hepatic glutathione and increased diene conjugates in alcoholic liver disease: evidence of lipid peroxidation
196. Role of cytochrome P-450 2E1 in ethanol-, carbon tetrachloride-, and iron-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation
197. Role of alcohol dehydrogenase activity and of acetaldehyde in ethanol-induced ethane and pentane production by isolated perfused rat liver
198. Effects of chronic ethanol feeding on glutathione turnover in the rat
199. Increased loss and decreased synthesis of hepatic glutathione after acute ethanol administration
200. Hepatic mitochondrial glutathione depletion and progression of experimental alcoholic liver disease in rats
201. Increased hepatic production of alphaamino-n-butyric acid after chronic alcohol consumption in rats and baboons
202. The cooperative antioxidant role of glutathione with a lipid-soluble and a water-soluble antioxidant during peroxidation of liposomes initiated in the aqueous phase and in the lipid phase
203. Regulation of collagen synthesis by ascorbic acid: characterization of the role of ascorbate-stimulated lipid peroxidation
204. The pathological significance of lipid peroxidation in oxidative cell injury
205. Vitamins and alcoholism
206. Decreased serum selenium in alcoholics as related to liver structure and function
207. Low blood selenium levels in alcoholics with and without advanced liver disease
208. Depressed selenium and vitamin E levels in an alcoholic population: possible relationship to hepatic injury through increased lipid peroxidation
209. Evidence of vitamin E deficiency in patients with malabsorption or alcoholism and the effect of therapy
210. α-tocopherol level in liver diseases
211. Effect of heavy alcohol consumption on serum concentration of fat soluble vitamins and selenium
212. Vitamin E Interaction with free radical and ascorbate
213. Interaction of ascorbate and α-tocopherol
214. Reduced hepatic α-tocopherol content after long-term administration of ethanol to rats
215. Some aspects of antioxidant status in blood from alcoholics
216. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems in rat liver after chronic ethanol feeding
217. Increased oxygen radical—dependent inactivation of metabolic enzymes by liver microsomes after chronic ethanol consumption
218. Effect of chronic alcohol feeding on hepatic iron status and ferritin uptake by rat hepatocytes
219. The influence of alcohol on nutritional status
220. Binding of acetaldehyde to rat liver microsomes: enhancement after chronic alcohol consumption
221. Formation of acetaldehyde adducts with ethanol-inducible P450IIE1 in vivo
222. Detection of a protein-acetaldehyde adduct in the liver of rats fed alcohol chronically
223. Acetaldehyde-collagen adducts in N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced liver cirrhosis in rats
224. Collagenacetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease
225. 14C]acetaldehyde to serum albumin
226. Acetaldehyde adducts with hemoglobin
227. Acetaldehyde adducts and autoantibodies against VLDL and LDL in alcoholics
228. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against acetaldehyde-containing epitopes in acetaldehyde-protein adducts
229. Humoral immune response to acetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic patients
230. The role of alcoholism and liver disease in the appearance of serum antibodies against acetaldehyde adducts
231. Antibodies against acetaldehyde-modified protein epitopes in human alcoholics
232. Evidence for the generation of transaminase inhibitor(s) during ethanol metabolism by rat liver homogenates a potential mechanism for alcohol toxicity
233. 6methylguanine transferase
234. Alcohol as a stimulus to hepatic fibrogenesis
235. Hepatic collagen proline hydroxylase activity in alcoholic hepatitis: effect of d-penicillamine
236. Hepatic prolyl hydroxylase and collagen synthesis in patients with alcoholic liver disease
237. Increased type I procollagen mRNA levels and in vitro protein synthesis in the baboon model of chronic alcoholic liver disease
238. Alcoholic liver injury in baboons: transformation of lipocytes to transitional cells
239. Lipocytes and transitional cells in alcoholic liver disease: a morphometric study
240. Acetaldehyde stimulates collagen production in cultured rat liver fat-storing cells but not in hepatocytes
241. Acetaldehyde increases procollagen type I and fibronectin gene transcription in cultured rat fat-storing cells through a protein synthesis-dependent mechanism
242. Acetaldehyde and lactate stimulate collagen synthesis of cultured baboon liver myofibroblasts
243. Polyunsaturated lecithin prevents acetaldehyde-mediated hepatic collagen accumulation by stimulating collagenase activity in cultured lipocytes
244. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) is increased in the serum of precirrhotic and cirrhotic alcoholics, and can serve as a marker of fibrosis
245. Fatty liver and sudden death
246. Effects of prolonged ethanol intake in man: Role of dietary, adipose, and endogenously synthesized fatty acids in the pathogenesis of the alcoholic fatty liver
247. Nutritional therapy in alcoholic liver disease
248. Micro anion exchange chromatography of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in serum in relation to alcohol consumption (Swedish Patent 8400587-5)
249. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), a marker for chronic alcohol consumption in different ethnic populations
250. Perivenular fibrosis as precursor lesion of cirrhosis
251. Collagenisation of the Disse space in alcoholic liver disease
252. Alcoholic hepatitis: natural history and evaluation of prednisolone therapy
253. Liver physiology and disease: treatment of alcoholic hepatitis with encephalopathy—comparison of prednisolone with caloric supplements
254. Corticosteroid therapy of alcoholic hepatitis
255. Methylprednisone therapy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. A randomized multicentre trial
256. A randomized trial of prednisolone in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis
257. A study of oral nutritional support with oxandrolone in malnourished patients with alcoholic hepatitis: results of a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study
258. Effect of short-term therapy with propylthiouracil in patients with alcoholic liver disease
259. Propylthiouracil therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis
260. Ethanol, thyroid hormones and acute liver injury: is there a relationship?
261. Long-term treatment of alcoholic liver disease with propylthiouracil
262. A randomized controlled study of peripheral parenteral nutrition in moderate and severe alcoholic hepatitis
263. Effects of antimicrotubular agents on the secretion of collagen
264. Treatment of cirrhosis with colchicine. A double-blind randomized trial
265. Colchicine in the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver
266. Is colchicine effective therapy for cirrhosis?
267. Therapy for hepatic fibrosis
268. Treatment of alcoholic liver disease
269. Hepatic redox state: Attenuation of the acute effects of ethanol induced by chronic ethanol consumption
270. Orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease