The rd mouse story: Seventy years of research on an animal model of inherited retinal degeneration

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 1994, Pages 31-64

  Farber, Debora B ^a   Flannery, John G ^b   Bowes Rickman, Cathy ^a  

^a JULES STEIN EYE INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENTARY DNA; CYCLIC AMP; CYCLIC GMP; CYCLIC GMP PHOSPHODIESTERASE; CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE; RHODOPSIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; BIOCHEMISTRY; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; DEPHOSPHORYLATION; DISEASE COURSE; DNA DETERMINATION; GENE MUTATION; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METABOLISM; MORPHOLOGY; MOUSE; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PHOTORECEPTOR; PHYSIOLOGY; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; RETINA BLOOD VESSEL; RETINA CELL; RETINA CONE; RETINA DEGENERATION; RETINA ROD; REVIEW; SYNAPTOGENESIS;

EID: 0028220321     PISSN: 13509462     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/1350-9462(94)90004-3     Document Type: Review

References (160)

1. Altered kinetics of the photoresponse from retinas of mice heterozygous for the retinal degeneration gene
2. Isolation and characterization of cGMP-phosphodiesterase from bovine rod outer segments
3. An autoradiographic analysis of postnatal cell proliferation in the normal and degenerative mouse retina
4. Vascular atrophy in the retinal degenerative rd mouse
5. Photoreceptor degeneration and synaptogenesis in retinal-degenerative (rd) mice
6. Appearance of PNA-binding cells within the outer nuclear layer coinciding with photoreceptor degeneration in rd mice
7. Sensibilité; visuelle spectrale chez des Souris á rétine entièrement depourvue de cellules visuelles photorecéptrices
8. Enhanced sensory convergence to the visual cortex in the rodless (rd/rd) mouse
9. Genetic aspects of learning and memory in mice
10. mRNAs coding for proteins of the cGMP cascade in the degenerative retina of the rd mouse
11. Opsin G-protein and 48-kDa protein in normal and rd mouse retinas developmental expression of mRNAs and proteins and light/dark cycling of mRNAs
12. Isolation of a candidate cDNA for the gene causing retinal degeneration in the rd mouse
13. Retinal degeneration in the rd mouse is caused by a defect in the β-subunit of rod cGMP-phosphodiesterase
14. Localization of a retroviral element within the rd gene coding for the β subunit of cGMP-phosphodiesterase
15. The long-range mapping of mammalian chromosomes
16. Spaltlampenmikroscopie und ophthalmoskopie am auge von ratte und maus
17. Studies on hereditary retinal degeneration. The rd gene in the mouse
18. The postnatal development of the retina in the normal and rodless CBA mouse: a light and electronic microscopic study
19. The rhodopsin cycle in the developing vertebrate retina. II. Correlative study in normal mice and in mice with hereditary retinal degeneration
20. Differential effect of the rd mutation on rods and cones in the mouse retina
21. Rhodopsin, 11-cis vitamin A, and interstitial retinol-binding protein (IRBP) during retinal development
22. Molecular mechanism of visual transduction
23. Calcium-mediated neurotoxicity: relationship to specific channel types and role in ischemic damage
24. Cerebral hypoxia: some new approaches and unanswered questions
25. Methods for antagonizing glutamate neurotoxicity
26. Retroviridal and their replication
27. The ultrastructure of the rods of the mouse retina
28. An electron microscopic study of the modification by monosodium glutamate of the retinas of normal and ‘rodless’ mice
29. Calcium and cyclic nucleotide regulation in incubated mouse retinas
30. Vererbbare Agenesie und Hypoplasie der Neuroepithelschicht der Retina by Albinotischen Mausen
31. The gene for the α-subunit of retinal rod transducin is on mouse chromosome 9
32. The gene for the γ-subunit of retinal cGMP-phosphodiesterase is on mouse chromosome 11
33. The gene for retinal S-antigen maps to the centromeric portion of mouse chromosome 1 near Idh-I
34. Fine mapping of a putative rd cDNA and its cosegregation with rd expression
35. The gene for the β-subunit of retinal transducin (Gnb-1) maps to distal mouse chromosome 4, and related sequences map to mouse chromosomes 5 and 8
36. Genetic mapping demonstrates that the α-subunit of retinal cGMP-phosphodiesterase is not the site of the rd mutation
37. Localization of the gene for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein to mouse chromosome 14 near Np-1
38. The gene for retinal rod 33-kDa protein is on mouse chromosome 1, near Lamb2
39. Localization of the gene for a third G-protein β-subunit to mouse chromosome 6 near Raf-1
40. Chromosomal localization of the murine genes for the α- and β-subunits of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II
41. Cyclic GMP in the retinas of normal mice and those heterozygous for early-onset photoreceptor dystrophy
42. Studies of visual function and its decay in mice with hereditary retinal degeneration
43. The importance of differences in morphology in inbred strains
44. Use of a cloned library for the study of abundant poly (A)+ RNA during Xenopus laevis development
45. Effects of enucleation in retinal degenerate mice
46. Entrainment of the circadian activity rhythm to the light cycle: Effective light intensity for Zeitgeber in the retinal degenerate C3H mouse and the normal C57BL mouse
47. Accumulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Müller radial glia during retinal degeneration
48. Localization of the rhodopsin gene to the distal half of mouse chromosome 6
49. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate: Elevation in degenerating photoreceptor cells of the C3H mouse retina
50. Enzymatic basis for cyclic GMP accumulation in degenerative photoreceptor cells of mouse retina
51. Calcium and magnesium content of rodent photoreceptor cells as inferred from studies of retinal degeneration
52. Light-induced reduction in cyclic GMP of retinal photoreceptor cells in vivo: Abnormalities in the degenerative diseases of RCS rats and rd mice
53. Cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase of rd retina: Biosynthesis and content
54. The effects of light and dark adaptation on the levels of cyclic nucleotides in retinas of mice heterozygous for a gene for photoreceptor retinal dystrophy
55. A histopathologic study of a choroideremia carrier
56. Photoreceptor-specific degeneration caused by tunicamycin
57. Circadian photoreception in the retinally degenerate mouse (rd/rd)
58. Genetic analysis of endogenous xenotropic murine leukemia viruses: Association with 2 common mouse mutations and the viral restriction locus Fv-1
59. A linkage map of endogenous murine leukemia proviruses
60. Subunit stoichiometry of retinal rod cGMP phosphodiesterase
61. The influence of different light intensities on pineal melatonin content in the retinal degenerate C3H mouse and the normal CBA mouse
62. Transplanted photoreceptors identified in dystrophic mouse retina by a transgenic reporter gene
63. Reconstruction of degenerate rd mouse retina by transplantation of transgenic photoreceptors
64. Protein synthesis and axonal transport in retinal ganglion cells of mice lacking visual receptors
65. Insertional mutagenesis in mice
66. Selective photoreceptor degeneration during retinal development: The role of altered phosphodiesterase activity and increased levels of cyclic nucleotides in photoreceptor degeneration
67. Experiments on color vision in mice in relation to the duplicity theory
68. Peanut agglutinin: A new marker for tissue histiocytes
69. Dilute (d) coat color mutation of DBA/2J mice is associated with the site of integration of an ecotropic murine leukemia viral genome
70. Reciprocal retinal transplantation A tool for the study of an inherited retinal degeneration
71. Rétines sans cellules visuelles. Recherches morphologiques, physiologiques et physiopathologiques chez les ronguers
72. Étude de la valeur fonctionelle d'une rétine dépourvue de cellules visuelles photo-réceptrices
73. Dégénérescence des cellules visuelles photoréceptrices et persistance d'une sensibilité de la rétine à la stimulation photique. Observations au microscopie electronique
74. The inheritance of a retinal abnormality in white mice
75. Rodless retina an opththalmic mutation in the house mouse
76. Iris movements in blind mice
77. Blind mice
78. Retinal degeneration in the mouse is rodless retina
79. Normal and rodless retinae of the house mouse with respect to the electromotive force generated through stimulation by light
80. Organization of the outer plexiform layer of the primate retina: Electron microscopy of Golgi-impregnated cells
81. Electron microscopic observations of human retinitis pigmentosa, dominantly inherited
82. Signal flow in visual transduction
83. Pale ear and light ear in the house mouse. Mimic mutations in linkage groups XII and XVII
84. Submicroscopic analysis of the genetic dystrophy of visual cells in C3H mice
85. Role of the pigment epithelium in inherited retinal degeneration analyzed with experimental rat chimeras
86. Glutamine synthetase in the normal and dystrophic mouse retina
87. C57BL/6 mice with inherited retinal degeneration
88. Characterization of a phosphodiesterase-immunoreactive polypeptide from rod photoreceptors of developing rd mouse retinas
89. Retinal accumulation of the phosducin/Tβγ and transducin complexes in developing normal mice and in mice and dogs with inherited retinal degeneration
90. Tissue-specific and developmental regulation of rod opsin chimeric genes in transgenic mice
91. Retinal degeneration is rescued in transgenic rd mice by expression of the cGMP phosphodiesterase β-subunit
92. β-Subunit of bovine rod photoreceptor cGMP-phosphodiesterase
93. Changes in glucose and energy metabolism in vivo in developing retinae from visually-competent (DBA/1J) and mutant (C3H/HeJ) mice
94. Abnormaal guanosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate during photoreceptor degeneration in the inherited retinal disorder of C3H/HeJ mice
95. Cyclic GMP metabolic defects in inherited disorders of rd mice and RCS rats
96. Changes in levels of ATPase activity in developing retinae of normal (DBA) and mutant (C3H) mice
97. Alterations in cyclic AMP metabolism associated with photoreceptor cell degeneration in the C3H mouse
98. Cyclic GMP accumulation causes degeneration of photoreceptor cells: Simulation of an inherited disease
99. Cyclic GMP and visual cell degeneration in the inherited disorder of rd mice A progress report
100. The corneal ERG of the heterozygous retinal degeneration mouse
101. Rhodopsin levels in the isolated normal and +rd mouse retina
102. Blood vascular abnormalities in the degenerative mouse retina (C57BL/6J rdle)
103. Excitatory amino acid receptors in the vertebrate retina
104. Excitatory amino acid receptors of the retina: diversity of subtypes and conductance mechanisms
105. γ-Aminobutyric acid system in developing and degenerating mouse retina
106. Open-field activity of retinal degenerate C3H mice further evidence of some visual capacities
107. Immunological determination of transducin content in retinas exhibiting inherited degeneration
108. Immunocytochemical localization of opsin in degenerating photoreceptors of RCS rats and rd and rds mice
109. Opsin distribution and synthesis in degenerating photoreceptors of rd mutant mice
110. Differentiation, metabolic organization and viability of the visual cell
111. Studies on visual cell viability and differentiation
112. Aspects of experimental and hereditary retinal degeneration
113. Transgenic mice with a rhodopsin mutation (Pro23His): A mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa
114. The levels of free taurine, glutamate, glycine and γ-amino butyric acid during the postnatal development of the normal and dystrophic retina of the mouse
115. Elevated level of protein phosphatase 2A activity in retinas of rd mice
116. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
117. Identification of a nonsense mutation in the rod photoreceptor cGMP phosphodiesterase β-subunit gene of the rd mouse
118. Synthesis and secretion of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) by isolated normal and rd mouse retinal photoreceptor neurons in culture
119. Electron microscopic histochemical studies of cyclic 3′-5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase in the developing retina of normal mice and mice with inherited retinal degeneration
120. Changes of lysosomal enzymes during hereditary degeneration and histogenesis of retina in mice. I. Acid phosphatase visualized by azo-dye and lead nitrate method
121. Changes of lysosomal enzymes during hereditary degeneration and histogenesis of retina in mice. II. Localization of N-acetyl-glucosanaminidase in macrophages
122. Comparative light and electron-microscopic study of the retinal histogenesis in normal and rd mutant mice
123. A comparative survey of synaptic changes in the rod photoreceptor terminals of rd, rds, and double homozygous mutant mice
124. Transcriptional activation of an intermediate filament protein gene in mice with retinal dystrophy
125. Visual sensitivity to orientation of rectangles in mice with retinal degeneration
126. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. An early defect in inherited retinal degeneration of C3H mice
127. Embryonic lethal mutation in mice induced by retrovirus insertion into the alpha 1 (I) collagen gene
128. Docosahexaenoate metabolism and fatty-acid composition in developing retinas of normal and rd mutant mice
129. Developing rod photoreceptors from normal and mutant rd mouse retinas Altered fatty acid composition early in development of the mutant
130. Studies on retinitis pigmentosa, XXVI. Electron microscopic aspects of the early retinal changes in inherited dystrophic mice
131. Phosphorylation in sealed rod outer segments: Effects of cyclic nucleotides
132. Rhodopson phosphorylation in developing normal and degenerative mouse retinas
133. Retinal degeneration in the mouse; location of the rd locus in linkage group XVII
134. Calcium fluxes, calcium antagonists, and calcium-related pathology in brain ischemia, hypoglycemia and spreading depression: a unifying hypothesis
135. Photoreceptor transplantation: Anatomic, electrophysiologic and behavioral evidence for the functional reconstruction of retinas lacking photoreceptors
136. Phosphorylation of rhodopsin and quenching of cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase activation by ATP at weak bleaches
137. A search for the circuitry of directional sensitivity and neural adaptation through three-dimentional analysis of the outer plexiform layer of the rabbit retina
138. Acylation and glycosylation of rhodopsin in the rd mouse
139. Synthesis and secretion of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) and developmental expression of IRBP mRNA in normal and rd mouse retinas
140. Electron microscopic study of the visual cell of the inherited retinal dystrophic mice
141. Retinal dystrophy in the mouse histological and genetic aspects
142. Spontaneous germline virus infection and retroviral insertional mutagenesis in 18 transgenic Srev lines of mice
143. The structure and relationships of the horizontal cells and photoreceptor-bipolar contacts in the goldfish retina
144. The four classes of endogenous murine leukemia virus: Structural relationships and potential for recombination
145. Role of endogenous retroviruses as mutagens: The hairless mutation of mice
146. Retinal ultrastructure in advanced retinitis pigmentosa
147. Altered rhodopsin accessibility in the retinal dystrophic mouse
148. Hereditary degeneration of the mouse retina
149. An inherited retinal degeneration in the mouse
150. Zur erblichen netzhautdegeneration der maus
151. Phenol emulsion-enhanced DNA-driven subtractive cDNA cloning: Isolation of low-abundance monkey cortex-specific mRNAs
152. γ-Subunit of mouse retinal cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase: cDNA and corresponding amino acid sequences
153. Cloning and sequencing of the γ-subunit of retinal cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase from rd mouse
154. A developmental study of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) in single and double homozygous rd and rds mutant mouse retinas
155. Photoreceptor-specific mRNAs in mice carrying different allelic combinations at the rd and rds loci
156. Evidence for reduced binding of cyclic GMP to cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase in photoreceptors of mice heterozygous for the rd gene
157. Quantitative effects of retinal degeneration in mice
158. The mouse gene retinal degeneration (rd) may reduce the number of neurons present in the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus
159. Studies on retinitis pigmentosa XXVIII. Rhodopsin contents and ERG findings of experimental retinal degeneration and hereditary retinal dystrophy in mice
160. Unusual topography of bovine rhodopsin promoter-LacZ fusion gene espression in transgenic mouse retinas