A Modified System of Nomenclature for Red Algal Galactans

Botanica Marina

Volumn 37, Issue 2, 1994, Pages 163-170

  Knutsen, S H ^a   Myslabodski, D E ^b   Larsen, B ^c   Usov, A I ^d  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES   (Norway)

^b FMC CORPORATION   (United States)

^c NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

^d N D ZELINSKY INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0028010368     PISSN: 00068055     EISSN: 14374323     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/botm.1994.37.2.163     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Anonymous. 1977. Monograph Nr. 1. Carrageenan. FMC corporation, Marine colloids Division, p. 6.
2. Anderson, N. S., T. C. S. Dolan, C. J. Lawson, A. Penman and D. A. Rees. 1968. Carrageenans. Part 5. The masked repeating structure of kappa- and mw-carrageenans. Carbohydr. Res. 7: 468–473.
3. Anderson, N. S., T. C. S. Dolan and D. A. Rees. 1965. Evidence for a common structural pattern in the polysaccharide sulphates of the Rhodophyceae. Nature 205: 1065—1062.
4. Anderson, N. S., T. C. S. Dolan and D. A. Rees. 1973. Carrageen-ans. Part 7. Polysaccharides from Eucheuma spinosum and Eucheuma cottonii. The covalent structure of /ota-carrageenan. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1: 2173—2176.
5. Anderson, N. S. and D. A. Rees. 1965. Poiphyran: a polysaccharide with a masked repeating structure. J. Chem. Soc. : 5880—5887.
6. Araki, C. 1966. Some recent studies on the polysaccharides of agarophytes. Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 5: 3 — 17.
7. Bellion, C. 1979. Enzyme utilisation in the characterisation of kappa- and /oto-carrageenans. Ph. D. thesis McGill University, Montreal. 176 pp. (In French).
8. Chapman, V. J. and D. J. Chapman. 1980. Seaweeds and Their Uses. Chapman and Hall, London. 334 pp.
9. Craigie, J. S. 1990. Cell walls. In: (K. M. Cole and R. G. Sheath, eds) Biology of the Red Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 221—257.
10. Craigie, J. S. and A. Jurgens. 1989. Structure of agars from Gracilaria tikvahiae Rhodophyta: locacion of the 4-O-methyl-L-galac-tose and sulphate. Carbohydr. Polym. 11: 265–278.
11. Craigie, J. S. and H. Rivera-Carro. 1992. Agarocolloids from carra-geenophytes. XIV. Int. Seaweed Symp., Abstracts and pro-gramme. Univ. Bretagne Occidental, France, p. 71.
12. Craigie, J. S. and K. F. Wong. 1979. Carrageenan biosynthesis. Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 9 : 369—377.
13. DiNinno, V., E. L. McCandless and R. A. Bell. 1979. Pyruvic acid derivative of a carrageenan from a marine red algae (Petrocelis species). Carbohydr. Res 71: Cl—C4.
14. Dolan, T. C. S. and D. A. Rees. 1965. The carrageenans. Part 2. The positions of the glycosidic linkages and the sulphate esters in /am&afa-carrageenan. J. Chem. Soc.: 3534—3539.
15. Duckworth, M. and W. Yaphe. 1971. The structure of agar. Part 1. Fractionation of a complex mixture of polysaccharides. Car-bohydr. Res. 16: 189—197.
16. Fumeaux, R. H. and T. T. Stevenson. 1990. The xylogalactan sulphate from Chondria macrocarpa (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 204/205: 615–620.
17. Greer, C. W. and W. Yaphe. 1984. Characterization of hybrid (beta-kappa-gamma) carrageenan from Eucheuma gelatine J. Agardh (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) using carrageenase, infrared and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bot. Mar. 27: 473–478.
18. Hirase, S. and K. Watanabe. 1972 a. Fractionation and structural investigation of funoran. Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 7: 551 — 478.
19. Hirase, S. and K. Watanabe. 1972 b. The presence of pyruvate residues in L-carrageenan and a similar polysaccharide. Bull. Inst. Chem. Res., Kyoto Univ. 50: 332—336.
20. Karamanos, Y., M. Ondarza, F. Bellanger, D. Christiaen and S. Moreau. 1989. The linkage of 4-G-methyl-L-galactopyranose in the agar polymers from Gracilaria verrucosa. Carbohydr. Res. 187: 93–101.
21. Knutsen, S. H. and H. Grasdalen. 1992 a. Analysis of carrageenans by enzymic degradation, gel-filtration and lH-NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr. Polym. 19: 199—210.
22. Lawson, C. J., D. A. Rees, D. J. Stancioff and N. F. Stanley. 1973. Carrageenans. Part 8. Repeating structures of galactan sulphates from Furcellaria fastigiata, Gigartina canaliculate di-gartina chamissoi, Gigartina atropurpurea, Ahnfeltia durvil-laei, Gymnogongrus furcellatus, Eucheuma cottonii, Eucheuma spinosum, Eucheuma is if or me, Eucheuma uncinatum, Aghardiella tenera, Pachymenia hymantophora, and Gloiopeltis cerv-icornis. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1: 2177—2182.
23. McCandless, E. L. and J. S. Craigie. 1979. Sulphated polysaccharides in red and brown algae. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 30: 41–53.
24. McCandless, E. L., J. S. Craigie and J. A. Walter. 1973. Carrageen-ans in the gametophytic and sporophytic stages of Chondrus crispus. Planta 122: 201—212.
25. Mollion, J., S. Moreau and D. Christiaen. 1986. Isolation of a new type of carrageenan from Rissoella verruculosa (Bert.) J. Ag. (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales). Bot. Mar. 29: 549—552.
26. Myslabodski, D. E. 1990. Red-algae galactans: Isolation and recovery procedures-effects on the structure and rheology. Dr. Ing. Thesis. University of Trondheim, NTH, Norway. 225 pp.
27. O'Neill, A. N. 1955. Derivatives of 4-0-P-D-galactopyranosy 1-3,6-anhydro-D-galactose from fozppa-carrageenin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77: 6324–6326.
28. Parolis, H. 1978. Sulphated polysaccharides of the Grateloupiaceae family. Part 10. The structure of the polysaccharide of Pachymenia carnosa. Carbohydr. Res. 62: 313—320.
29. Parolis, H. 1981. The polysaccharides of Phyllymenia hiero-glyphica (= P. belangery) nnd Pachymenia hymanthropohora. Carbohydr. Res. 93: 261—267.
30. Penman, A. and D. A. Rees. 1973. Carrageenans. Part 9. Methylation analysis of galactan sulphates from Furcellaria fastigiata, Gigartina canaliculata, Gigartina chamissoi, Gigartina atrop-urpurea, Ahnfeltia durvillaei, Gymnogongrus furcellatus, Eucheuma isiforme, Eucheuma uncinatum, Aghardiella tenera, Pachymenia hymantophora, and Gloiopeltis cervicornis. Structure of xi-garrageenan. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1: 2182—2187.
31. Rees, D. A. 1961 a. Enzymic synthesis of 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose within porphyran from L-galactose 6-sulphate units. Biochem. J. 81: 347–352.
32. Rees, D. A. 1961 b. Estimation of the relative amounts of isomeric sulphate esters in some sulphated polysaccharides. J. Chem. Soc.: 5168–5171.
33. Rees, D. A. 1963. The carrageenan system of polysaccharides. Part 1. The relation between the kappa- and lambda-components. J. Chem. Soc.: 1821–1832.
34. Renn, D. W. 1984. Agar and agarose: Indispensable partners in biotechnology. I&EC Prod. Res. Develop. 23: 17–21.
35. Rochas, C., M. Lahaye, W. Yaphe and M. T. Phan-Viet. 1986., 3C NMR spectroscopic investigation of agarose oligomers. Car-bohydr. Res. 148: 199–207.
36. Smith, D. B. and W. H. Cook. 1953. Fractionation of carrageenin. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 45: 232—233.
37. Stancioff, D. J. and N. F. Stanley. 1969. Infrared and chemical studies on algal polysaccharides. Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 6: 595–609.
38. Strotz, C. A. and A. S. Cerezo. 1992. The carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy of carrageenans: calculation of chemical shifts and computer aided structural determination. Carbohydr. Polym. 19: 237–242.
39. Usov, A. I. 1992. Sulphated polysaccharides of red seaweeds. Food Hydrocolloids 6: 9—23.
40. Usov, A. I. and V. S. Arkhipova. 1981. Polysaccharides of algae. 30. Methylation of polysaccharides of the foppa-carrageenan type from the red algae Tichocarpus crinitus (Gmel.) Rupr., Furcellaria fastigiata (Huds.) Lam., and Phyllophora nervosa (De Cand. ) Grev. Bioorg. Khim. 7: 385—390. (In Russian).
41. Usov, A. I., W. V. Barbakadze, S. V. Yarotskii and A. S. Shashkov. 1978. Polysaccharides of algae. 28. Partial acetolysis of the sulphated galactan from the red alga Grateloupia divaricata. Okam. Bioorg. Khim. 4: 1107—1115. (In Russian).
42. Usov, A. I. and M. Ya. Elashvili. 1991. Polysaccharides of algae. 44. Investigation of sulphated galactans from Laurencia nip-ponica Yamada (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae) using partial reductive hydrolysis. Bot. Mar. 34: 553—560.
43. Usov, A. I. and E. G. Kozlova. 1975. Polysaccharides of algae. 20. Studies on odonthalan, a sulphated polysaccharide from the red algae Odonthalia corymbifera (Gmel.) J. Ag. Bioorg. Khim. 1: 912—918. (In Russian).
44. Usov, A. I., S. V. Yarotskii and A. S. Shashkov. 1980. 13C-NMR spectroscopy of red algal galactans. Biopolymers 19: 977—990.
45. Whyte, J. N. C., S. P. C. Hosford and J. R. Englar. 1985. Assignment of agar or carrageenan structures to red algal polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Res. 140: 336—341.
46. Wong, K. F. and J. S. Craigie. 1978. Sulfohydrolase activity and carrageenan biosynthesis in Chondrus crispus (Rhodophyceae). Plant Physiol. 61: 663—666.
47. Yarotskii, S. V., A. S. Shashkov and A. I. Usov. 1978. polysaccharides of algae. 25. The use of carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy for the structural analysis of kappa-carrageenan group polysaccharides. Bioorg. Khim. 4: 745—751. (In Russian).
48. Zablackis, E. and G. A. Santos. 1986. The carrageenan of Catenella nipae Zanard., a marine red alga. Bot. Mar. 29: 319—322.