Symptomatic and essential palatal tremor: 1. Clinical, physiological and MRI analysis

Brain

Volumn 117, Issue 4, 1994, Pages 775-788

  Deusch, G ^a   Toro, C ^a   Valls sole J ^a   Zeffiro, T ^a   Zee, D S ^b   Hallett, M ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Inferior olive; MRI; Palatal myoclonus; Palatal tremor; Tremor

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN DYSFUNCTION; BRAIN STEM INJURY; CEREBELLUM INJURY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; ELECTRONEUROLOGY; ESSENTIAL TREMOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHYTHM; SLEEP; SOFT PALATE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TRIGEMINAL NERVE;

ADULT; AGED; BRAIN STEM; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGE; NEURAL PATHWAYS; OLIVARY NUCLEUS; PALATAL MUSCLES; PALATE; POSTURE; REFLEX; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; TREMOR;

EID: 0027964407     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/117.4.775     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Armstrong DM. Functional significance of connections of the inferior olive. [Review]. Physiol Rev 1974; 54: 358-17
2. Batini C, Bernard JF, Buisseret-Delmas C, Conrath-Verrier M, Horcholle-Bossavit G. Harmaline-induced tremor. II. Unit activity correlation in the interposito-rubral and oculomotor systems of cat. Exp Brain Res 1981; 42; 383-91
3. Benedetti F, Montarolo PG, Rabacchi S. Inferior olive lesion induces long-lasting functional modifications in the Purkinje cells. Exp Brain Res 1984; 55: 368-71
4. Brodal A. Neurological anatomy in relation to clinical medicine. 3rd ed. New York; Oxford University Press, 1981
5. De Bleecker J, Crevits L, De Reuck J. Unilateral ocular involvement in oculo-palatal myoclonus after basal meningitis. Neuroophthalmology 1991; 5: 281
6. Deuschl G, Mischke G, Schenck E, Schulte-Mbnting J, Lucking CH. Symptomatic and essential rhythmic palatal myoclonus. Brain 1990; 113: 1645-72
7. Deuschl G, Ldhie E, Heinen F, Lucking CH. Ear click in palatal tremor: its origin and treatment with botulinum toxin. Neurology 1991; 41: 1677-9
8. Dubinsky RM, Hallett M. Palatal myoclonus and facial involvement in other types of myoclonus. Adv Neurol 1988; 49: 263-78
9. Dubinsky RM, Hallett M, Di Chiro G, Fulham M, Schwankhaus J. Increased glucose metabolism in the medulla of patients with palatal myoclonus. Neurology 1991; 41: 557-62
10. Elble RJ. Inhibition of forearm EMG by palatal myoclonus. Mov Disord 1991; 6: 324-9
11. Goto N, Kaneko M. Olivary enlargement: chronological and morphometric analyses. Acta Neuropathol (Berlin) 1981; 54: 275-82
12. Hallett M, Dubinsky RM. Glucose metabolism in the brain of patients with essential tremor. J Neurol Sci 1993; 113; 45-8
13. Hallett M, Shibasaki H, Obeso J. Criteria for the visual identification of myoclonus. Mov Disord 1994. In press
14. Hefter H, Logigian E, Witte OW, Reiners K, Freund HJ. Oscillatory activity in different motor subsystems in palatal myoclonus. A case report. Acta Neurol Scand 1992; 86: 176-83
15. Hirono N, Kameyama M, Kobayashi Y, Udaka F, Mezaki T, Abe K, et al. MR demonstration of a unilateral olivary hypertrophy caused by pontine tegmental hematoma. Neuroradiology 1990; 32: 340-2
16. Hughes J. Palatal myoclonus: a case report. Dis Nerv Syst 1965; 26: 659-61
17. Jankovic J, Pardo R., Segmental myoclonus. Clinical and pharmacologic study. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 1025-31
18. Kane SA, Thach WT. Palatal myoclonus and function of the inferior olive: are they related? In: Strata P, editor. TTie olivocerebellar system in motor control. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989: 427-60
19. Kayed K, Sjaastad O, Magnussen J, Marvik R. Palatal myoclonus during sleep. Sleep 1983; 6: 130-6
20. Kimura J. Disorder of intemeurons in parkinsonism; the orbicularis oculi reflex to paired stimuli. Brain 1973; 96: 87-96
21. Kimura J. Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscle: principles and practice. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis, 1983: 323-51, 379-98
22. Koeppen AH, Barron KD, Dentinger MR Olivary hypertrophy: histochemical demonstration of hydrolytic enzymes. Neurology 1980; 30: 471-80
23. Kwee HL, Struben WH. Tinnitus and myoclonus. J Laryngol Otol 1972; 86: 237-41
24. Lapresle J. Rhythmic palatal myoclonus and the dentato-olivary pathway. J Neurol 1979; 220: 223-30
25. Lapresle J. Palatal myoclonus. Adv Neurol 1986; 43: 265-73
26. Lapresle J, Ben Hamida M. Correspondance somatotopique, secteur par secteur, des dégénérescences de l’olive bulbaire consécutives à des lésions limitées du noyau dentelé contro-latéral. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1965; 113: 439-48
27. Lapresle J, BenHamida M. Contribution à la connaissance de la voie dento-olivaire. Etude anatomique de deux cas de dégénérescence hypertrophique de l’olive bulbaire secondaire à un ramollissement limité de lacalottemésencéphalique. Presse Med 1968; 76: 1226-30
28. Llinâs RR. Rebound excitation as the physiological basis for tremor: a biophysical study of the oscillatory properties of mammalian central neurones in vitro. In: Findley LJ, Capildeo R, editors. Movement disorders: tremor. London: Macmillan, 1984: 165-82
29. Llinâs RR. The noncontinuous nature of movement execution. In: Humphrey DR, Freund H-J, editors. Motor control: concepts and issues. Chichester: John Wiley, 1991: 223-42
30. Llinâs R, Miihlethaler M. Electrophysiology of guinea-pig cerebellar nuclear cells in the in vitro brainstem-cerebellar preparation. J Physiol (Lond) 1988; 404; 241-58
31. Llinâs R, Yarom Y. Oscillatory properties of guinea-pig inferior olivary neurones and their pharmacological modulation; an in vitro study. J Physiol (Lond) 1986; 376: 163-82
32. Llinâs R, Baker R, Sotelo S. Electronic coupling between neurons in cat inferior olive. J Neurophysiol 1974: 37: 560-71
33. MacKinnon DM. Objective tinnitus due to palatal myoclonus. J Laryngol Otol 1968; 82: 369-74
34. Masucci E, Kurtzke J. Palatal myoclonus associated with extremity tremor. J Neurol 1989; 236: 474-7
35. Masucci EF, Kurtzke JF, Saini N. Myorhythmia: a widespread movement disorder. Clinicopathological correlations. Brain 1984; 107: 53-79
36. Matsuo F, Ajax ET. Palatal myoclonus and denervation supersensitivity in the central nervous system. [Review]. Ann Neurol 1979; 5: 72-8
37. Miles TS, Wiesendanger M. Organization of climbing fibre projections to the cerebellar cortex from trigeminal cutaneous afferents and from the SI face area of the cerebral cortex in the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1975; 245; 409-24
38. Montarolo PG, Palestini M, Strata P. The inhibitory effect of the olivocerebellar input on the cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat. J Physiol (Lond) 1982; 332: 187-202
39. Mugnaini E, Oertel WH. An atlas of the distribution of GABAergic neurons and terminals in the rat CNS as revealed by GAD immunobistochemistry. In: Borklund A, Hokfelt T, editors. Handbook of chemical neuroanatomy, Vol 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985: 436-608
40. Murphy GM, O’Leary JL. Neurological deficit in cats with lesions of the olivocerebellar system. Arch Neurol 1971; 24: 145-57
41. Nagaoka M, Narabayashi H. Palatal myoclonus: its remote influence. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984; 47: 921-6
42. Nakada T, Kwee IL. Oculopalatal myoclonus. Brain 1986; 109: 431-41
43. Rahko T, Häkkinen V. Carbamazepine in the treatment of objective myoclonus tinnitus. J Laryngol Otol 1979; 93: 123-7
44. Rao DB, Kataria MS. A case of ‘palato-pharyngeal’ myoclonus. Gerontol Clin (Basel) 1969; 2: 165-8
45. Schenck E. Die Hirnnervenmyorhythmie, ihre Pathogenese und ihre Stellung im myoklonischen Syndrom. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1965
46. Slack RWT, Soucek SO, Wong K. Sonotubometry in the investigation of objective tinnitus and palatal myoclonus: a demonstration of Eustachian tube opening. J Laryngol Otol 1986; 100: 529-31
47. Sotelo C, Llinas R, Baker R. Structural study of inferior olivary nucleus of the cat. Morphological correlates of electronic coupling. J Neurophysiol 1974; 37: 541-59
48. Sotelo C, Gotow T, Wassef M. Localization of glutamic-acid- decarboxylase-immunoreactive axon terminals in the inferior olive of the rat, with special emphasis on anatomical relations between GABAergic synapses and dentrodentritic gap junctions. J Comp Neurol 1986; 252: 32-50
49. Sperling MR, Herrmann C. Syndrome of palatal myoclonus and progressive ataxia: two cases with magnetic resonance imaging. Neurology 1985; 35: 1212-14
50. Strutz J, Hammerich T, Amedee R. The motor innervation of the soft palate. An anatomical study in guinea pigs and monkeys. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1988; 245: 180-4
51. Thach WT. Discharge of cerebellar neurons related to two maintained postures and two prompt movements. I. Nuclear cell output. J Neurophysiol 1970; 33: 527-36
52. Valls-Sole J, Tolosa ES. Blink-reflex excitability cycle in hemifacial spasm. Neurology 1989; 39: 1061-6
53. Weiss M. Rhythmic activity of spinal interneurons in harmaline- treated cats. A model for olivo-cerebellar influence at the spinal level. J Neurol Sci 1982; 54: 341-8
54. Yakovlev PI. Discussion of; Luttrell CN, Bang FB. Myoclonus in cats with Newcastle disease virus encephalitis. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 1956; 81: 63-4
55. Yokota T, Tsukagoshi H. Olivary hypertrophy precedes the appearance of palatal myoclonus [letter]. J Neurol 1991; 238: 408
56. Yokota T, Hirashima F, Furukawa T, Tsukagoshi H, Yoshikawa H. MRI findings of inferior olives in palatal myoclonus. J Neurol 1989; 236: 115-16
57. Zarranz JJ, Fontan A, Forcadas I. MR imaging of presumed olivary hypertrophy in palatal myoclonus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1990; II: 1164