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J Mol Evol
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Dickerson1
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The Rate of Molecular Evolution Considered from the Standpoint of Population Genetics
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Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Kimura1
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An Evaluation of the Molecular Clock Hypothesis Using Mammalian DNA Sequences
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J Mol Evol
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Li1
Tanimura2
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The Role of Immunochcmical Differences in the Phyletic Development of Human Behavior
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Hum Biol
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Goodman1
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Immunological Time Scale for Hominid Evolution
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Science
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Sarich1
Wilson2
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0022534918
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Rates of DNA Sequence Evolution Differ Between Taxonomic Groups
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(1986)
Science
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Britten1
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13
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0023263979
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The Molecular Clock Runs More Slowly in Man than in Apes and Monkeys
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(1987)
Nature
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Li1
Tanimura2
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14
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The Relative Rate of cDNA Evolution in Primates
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(1991)
Mol Biol Evol
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Easteal1
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15
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0026605981
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Sequences of Primate Insulin Genes Support the Hypothesis of a Slower Rate of Molecular Evolution in Humans and Apes than in Monkeys
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(1992)
Mol Biol Evol
, vol.9
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Seino1
Bell2
Li3
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Generation Time and Genomic Evolution in Primates
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(1973)
Science
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Sarich1
Wilson2
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Generation Time and the Rate of Molecular Evolution
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(1985)
Mol Biol Evol
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Easteal1
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22
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0026911443
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Higher Rates of Amino Acid Substitution in Rodents than in Humans
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of special interest, In this paper, the use of the chicken as an outgroup to compare the rates of nucleotide substitution in the human and rodent lineages, avoids the controversial issue as to whether some eutherian species, such as canine and bovine, can be used as outgroups. Also, the abundance of DNA sequence data from chicken makes it easier to show that there is a higher rate of substitution in the rodent compared with the human lineage.
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(1993)
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
, vol.1
, pp. 211-214
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Gu1
Li2
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25
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0026590789
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Rates of Mitochondrial DNA Evolution in Sharks Arc Slow Compared with Mammals
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of outstanding interest, This paper examines mtDNA variation in 13 species of sharks, and estimates the rates of transversional substitution, using the first appearance times of each lineage from the known fossil record. The estimated rates are Sevenfold to eightfold slower than those in primates and ungulates. The authors propose that the lower rates in sharks are due to their low metabolic rates.
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(1992)
Nature
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, pp. 153-155
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Martin1
Naylor2
Palumb13
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26
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0026509138
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Mitochondrial DNA Evolution at a Turtle's Pace: Evidence for Low Genetic Variability and Reduced Microevolutionary Rate in the Testudines
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of special interest, This paper reports a compilation of turtle mtDNA data to show a many-fold slowdown in rate of nucleotide substitution as compared to the rate in primates. Plausible reasons for the slowdown are the exceptionally long generation time and the low metabolic rate of turtles.
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(1992)
Mol Biol Evolh
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Avise1
Bowen2
Lamb3
Meylan4
Bermingham5
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28
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0027533515
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Rate Variation of Protein and Mitochondrial DNA Evolution as Revealed by Sea Urchins Separated by the Isthmus of Panama
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of special interst, edn 16, The authors studied protein divergence by electrophoresis, and mtDNA differentiation by restriction fragment analysis, in three pairs of sea urchin speices believed to have resulted from the simultaneous split of ranges of marine species by the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama, 3 million years ago. The mIDNA divergences are comparable for the three pain, but the protein divergences vary by one order of magnitude.
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(1993)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Bermingham1
Lessios2
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29
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0023462635
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Rates of Nucleotide Substitution Vary Greatly among Plant Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Nuclear DNAs
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edn 16
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(1987)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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, pp. 9054-9058
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Wolfe1
Li2
Sharp3
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30
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0026469557
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Relative Rates of Nucleotide Substitution at the rbcL Locus of Monocotyledonous Plants
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of special interest, The authors analyzed 35 rbcL gene sequences from monocotyledonous taxa and found the overall rate of nucleotide substitution in grasses to be over five times that in palms.
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(1992)
J Mol hull
, vol.35
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Gaut1
Muse2
Clark3
Clegg4
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31
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0026778673
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Extensive Variation in Evolutionary Rate of rbcL Gene Sequences among Seed Plants
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of special interest, edn 16, Using 50 rbcL gene sequences from bryophyte, conifer, divot and monocot, the authors found extensive rate variation among lineages; in particular, annual forms evolve, on average, more rapidly than perennial forms.
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(1992)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Bousquer1
Strauss2
Doerksen3
Price4
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32
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0026497467
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The Molecular Clock Ticks Regularly in Muroid Rodents and Hamsters
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of special interest, An analysis of extensive DNA Sequence data from mice, rats, hamsters and humans, showed that both the synonymous and non-synonymous rates of nucleotide substitution are approximately equal among the mouse, rat and hamster lineages.
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(1992)
J Mol Evol
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O'Huigin1
Li2
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33
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0000581643
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The Mutation Rate of the Gene for Hemophilia, and its Segregation Ratios in Males and Females
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(1947)
Ann Pugen
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Haldane1
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0026076303
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The Molecular Evolution of ZFY-Related Genes in Birds and Mammals
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J Mol Evol
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Lanfear1
Holand2
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36
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0026778980
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Interchromosomal Gene Conversion as a Possible Mechanism for Explaining Divergence Patterns of ZFY-Related Genes
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(1992)
J Mol Evol
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Hayashida1
Kuma2
Miyata3
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37
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0027533924
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Evolution of the ZFX and ZFY Genes: Rates and Interdependence Between the Genes
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(1993)
Mol Biol Evol
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Pamilo1
Bianchi2
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38
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0027286244
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Male-Driven Evolution of DNA Sequences
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m, is very large.
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(1993)
Nature
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, pp. 745-747
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Shimmin1
Chang2
Li3
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40
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0027308854
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Body Size, Metabolic Rate, Genetation Time, and the Molecular Clock
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of outstanding interest, edn 16, The authors summarize published rate data, and show a strong correlation between substitution rate and body size; for instance, the rates are slow in whales, intermediate in primates, and fast in rodents. A similar relationship exists for poikilothermic vertebrates; moreover, these taxa have slower mtDNA substitution rates than do homeotherms of similar size. As body size is strongly correlated with metabolic rate and generation time and as differences in metabolic rate can explain important exceptions to the generation-time model, the authors propose that metabolic rate is a major determinant for rate variation among evolutionary lineages.
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(1993)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.90
, pp. 4087-4091
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Martin1
Palumbi2
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43
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0022000882
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A Comparative Description of Mitochondrial DNA Differentiation in Selected Avian and Other Vertebrate Genera
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(1985)
Mol Biol Evol
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Kessler1
Avim2
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