From the history of the city to the history of the urbanized society

Journal of Urban History

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 1993, Pages 3-25

  Hays, Samuel P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS; SOCIETAL CHANGE; THEORETICAL STUDIES; URBAN HISTORY;

USA;

EID: 0027747571     PISSN: 00961442     EISSN: 15526771     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/009614429301900401     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Gordon E. Baker, The Reapportionment Revolution: Representation, Political Power, and the Supreme Court (New York, 1966);
2. Robert B. McKay, Reapportionment: The Law and Politics of Equal Representation (New York, 1965)
3. Nelson W. Polsby, ed. Reapportionment in the 1970 s (Berkeley, 1971).
4. Margo J. Anderson, The American Census: A Social History (New Haven, 1988).
5. Carl E. Degler, “American Political Parties and the Rise of the City: An Interpretation,” Journal of American History (1964 / 1965), 41-59.
6. Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics (New York, 1952).
7. Byron E. Shafer, ed. The End of Realignment? Interpreting American Electoral Eras (Madison, 1991).
8. Samuel P. Hays, “The New Deal: Then and Now” (Sir George Watson Lecture, University of Leicester, March 1,1983).
9. Samuel P. Hays, ‘The Welfare State and Democratic Practice in the United States Since World War II,” in Herrick Chapman and George Reid Andrews, eds. The Social Construction of Democracy, 1890-1990 (forthcoming).
10. William Cronon, Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West (New York, 1991).
11. See, for example, William E. Shands and Robert G. Healy, The Lands Nobody Wanted (Washington, DC, 1977).
12. This process can be followed in the publications of the Citizen's Clearinghouse for Hazardous Waste, Inc. Washington, DC, such as its newsletter, Everyones Backyard (1981).
13. Michael Berger, The Devil Wagon in Gods Country: The Automobile and Social Change in Rural America, 1893-1929 (Hamden, 1979).
14. In 1930,10.4 percent of farm homes in contrast with 84.8 percent of urban and rural nonfarm homes had electricity;
15. in 1956, the figures were 95.9 percent and 99.2 percent. See Historical Statistics of the United States;
16. Colonial Times to 1970 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census [Washington, DC, 1975]), “Growth of Residential Service, and Average Prices for Electric Energy: 1902 to 1970,” Series 108-119, II, 827.
17. Ann Marie Dykstra, “Region, Economy and Party: The Roots of Policy Formation in Pennsylvania, 1820-1860” (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 1988), 104-113.
18. Scott Martin, “Leisure in Southwestern Pennsylvania, 1800-1850” (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 1990).
19. Joanne Meyerowitz, “Women and Migration: Autonomous Female Migrants to Chicago, 1880-1920,” Journal of Urban History 13 (1987), 147-168.
20. For a review of studies of environmental values, see Samuel P. Hays, Beauty, Health, and Permanence (New York, 1987), 32-52.
21. Stephan Kellert, “Public Attitudes Toward Critical Wildlife and Natural Habitat Issues/’ phase 1 (Washington, DC, 1979).
22. One relatively new state program based on the economic benefit of attracting people to watch wildlife is the “watchable wildlife” program. For a brief look at its development, see program of the First National Watchable Wildlife Conference, September 10-12,1992, Missoula, MT;
23. see also “The Game Is Changing in the Wild West,” High Country News (Paonia, CO.), November 5,1990.
24. Samuel P. Hays, “Environmental Political Culture and Environmental Political Development: An Analysis of Legislative Voting, 1971-1989” Environmental History Review 6 (Fall 1982), 1-22.
25. Much of this section applying environmental history to the history of the city is contained in Samuel P. Hays, Beauty, Health, and Permanence.
26. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, Study of Consumer Expenditures, Incomes, and Savings (Philadelphia, 1957) as displayed in Gabriel Kolko, Wealth and Power in America: An Analysis of Social Class and Income Distribution (New York, 1962), appendix 2,140-141.
27. Mary Keys Watson, “Behavioral and Environmental Aspects of Recreational Home Sales” (Ph.D. dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, 1975).