메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 6, 1993, Pages 1165-1179

A Ku-Band Laboratory Experiment on the Electromagnetic Bias

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; OCEANOGRAPHY; RADIO ALTIMETERS; WIND EFFECTS;

EID: 0027694478     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: 15580644     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/36.317446     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (8)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0015096655 scopus 로고
    • Nanosecond radar observations of the ocean surface from a stable platform
    • B. S. Yaplee, A. Shapiro, D. L. Hammond, B. D. Au, and E. A. Uliana, “Nanosecond radar observations of the ocean surface from a stable platform,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Electron, vol. GE-9, no. 3, pp. 170–174, 1971.
    • (1971) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Electron , vol.GE-9 , Issue.3 , pp. 170-174
    • Yaplee, B.S.1    Shapiro, A.2    Hammond, D.L.3    Au, B.D.4    Uliana, E.A.5
  • 2
    • 0008385025 scopus 로고
    • Altimetry for non Gaussian Oceans: Height biases and estimation of parameters
    • E. Rodriguez, “Altimetry for non Gaussian Oceans: Height biases and estimation of parameters,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 93, no. C11, pp. 14107–14120, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.93 , Issue.C11 , pp. 14107-14120
    • Rodriguez, E.1
  • 3
    • 0024813978 scopus 로고
    • Observation of electromagnetic bias in radar altimeter sea surface measurements
    • E. J. Walsh, C. J. Jackson, E. A. Uliana, and N. S. Swift, “Observation of electromagnetic bias in radar altimeter sea surface measurements,” Geophys. Res., vol. 94, no. C10, pp. 14575–14584, 1989.
    • (1989) Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , Issue.C10 , pp. 14575-14584
    • Walsh, E.J.1    Jackson, C.J.2    Uliana, E.A.3    Swift, N.S.4
  • 4
    • 84941493579 scopus 로고
    • Electromagnetic bias of airborne off-nadir laser backscatter from the Ocean
    • J. J. Dudis, “Electromagnetic bias of airborne off-nadir laser backscatter from the Ocean,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 91, no. C9, pp. 10750–10752, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , Issue.C9 , pp. 10750-10752
    • Dudis, J.J.1
  • 5
    • 0025255835 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sea maturity on satellite altimeter measurements
    • R. Glazman and S. Pilorz, “Effects of sea maturity on satellite altimeter measurements,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 95, no. C3, pp. 2857–2870, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , Issue.C3 , pp. 2857-2870
    • Glazman, R.1    Pilorz, S.2
  • 6
    • 0025205635 scopus 로고
    • Corrections for the effects of significant wave height and attitude on Geosat radar altimeter measurements
    • G. S. Hayne and D. W. Hancock, “Corrections for the effects of significant wave height and attitude on Geosat radar altimeter measurements,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 95, no. C3, pp. 2837–2842, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , Issue.C3 , pp. 2837-2842
    • Hayne, G.S.1    Hancock, D.W.2
  • 8
    • 0000791644 scopus 로고
    • The effect of small wave modulation on the electromagnetic Bias
    • E. Rodriguez, Y. Kim, and J. M. Martin, “The effect of small wave modulation on the electromagnetic Bias,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 97, no. C2, pp. 2379–2389, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , Issue.C2 , pp. 2379-2389
    • Rodriguez, E.1    Kim, Y.2    Martin, J.M.3
  • 9
    • 0018655367 scopus 로고
    • The reflexion of impulses from a non linear random sea
    • F. C. Jackson, “The reflexion of impulses from a non linear random sea,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 84, no. C8, pp. 4939–4943, 1979.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , Issue.C8 , pp. 4939-4943
    • Jackson, F.C.1
  • 10
    • 0024812381 scopus 로고
    • Extracting ocean surface information from altimeter returns: The deconvolution method
    • E. Rodriguez and B. Chapman, “Extracting ocean surface information from altimeter returns: The deconvolution method,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 94, no. C7, pp. 9761–9778, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , Issue.C7 , pp. 9761-9778
    • Rodriguez, E.1    Chapman, B.2
  • 11
    • 84958235669 scopus 로고
    • Validation of GEOSAT altimeter derived wind speeds and significant wave heights using buoy data
    • E. Dobson, F. Monaldo, and J. Goldhirsh, “Validation of GEOSAT altimeter derived wind speeds and significant wave heights using buoy data,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 92, no. C10, pp. 10719–10731, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , Issue.C10 , pp. 10719-10731
    • Dobson, E.1    Monaldo, F.2    Goldhirsh, J.3
  • 13
    • 0022840226 scopus 로고
    • On the joint distribution of surface elevation and slopes for a nonlinear random sea, with an application to radar altimetry
    • M. A. Srokosz, “On the joint distribution of surface elevation and slopes for a nonlinear random sea, with an application to radar alti metry,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 91, no. C1, pp. 995–1006, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , Issue.C1 , pp. 995-1006
    • Srokosz, M.A.1
  • 14
    • 0022229657 scopus 로고
    • Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo
    • D. E. Barrick and B. J. Lipa, “Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo,” Adv. Geophys., vol. 27, pp. 61–100, 1985.
    • (1985) Adv. Geophys. , vol.27 , pp. 61-100
    • Barrick, D.E.1    Lipa, B.J.2
  • 15
    • 0006942006 scopus 로고
    • Comment on 'On the joint distribution of surface elevation and slopes for a nonlinear random sea, with an application to radar altimetry' by M. A. Srokosz
    • G. S. E. Lagerloef, “Comment on 'On the joint distribution of surface elevation and slopes for a nonlinear random sea, with an application to radar altimetry ' by M. A. Srokosz,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 92, no. C3, pp. 2985–2987, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , Issue.C3 , pp. 2985-2987
    • Lagerloef, G.S.E.1
  • 16
    • 84957572918 scopus 로고
    • Reply
    • M. A. Srokosz, “Reply,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 92, no. C3, pp. 2989–2990, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , Issue.C3 , pp. 2989-2990
    • Srokosz, M.A.1
  • 17
    • 0002355066 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of wind wave growth and swell decay during JONSWAP
    • K. Hasselmann et al., “Measurements of wind wave growth and swell decay during JONSWAP,” Herausgegeben vom Deutch Hydrograph Inst. Riehe A, vol. 12, 95 pp., 1973.
    • (1973) Herausgegeben vom Deutch Hydrograph Inst. Riehe A , vol.12 , Issue.95
    • Hasselmann, K.1
  • 18
    • 0025926018 scopus 로고
    • Equilibrium wave spectrum and Sea State Bias in Satellite Altimetry
    • R. E. Glazman and M. A. Srokoz, “Equilibrium wave spectrum and Sea State Bias in Satellite Altimetry,” J. Phys. Ocean., vol. 21, pp. 1609–1621, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Phys. Ocean. , vol.21 , pp. 1609-1621
    • Glazman, R.E.1    Srokoz, M.A.2
  • 19
    • 0026054157 scopus 로고
    • The effect of wave age on the sea state bias in radar altimetry measurements, ” J
    • L. Fu and R. Glazman, “The effect of wave age on the sea state bias in radar altimetry measurements,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 96, no. C1, pp. 829–834, 1991.
    • (1991) Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.C1 , pp. 829-834
    • Fu, L.1    Glazman, R.2
  • 20
    • 0347759093 scopus 로고
    • Comment on 'Effects of sea maturity on satellite altimeter measurements' by R. Glazman and S. Pilorz
    • W. J. Pierson, “Comment on 'Effects of sea maturity on satellite altimeter measurements' by R. Glazman and S. Pilorz,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 96, no. C3, pp. 4973–4977, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.C3 , pp. 4973-4977
    • Pierson, W.J.1
  • 21
    • 84941505278 scopus 로고
    • Reply
    • R. Glazman, “Reply,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 96, no. C3, pp. 4979–4983, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.C3 , pp. 4979-4983
    • Glazman, R.1
  • 25
    • 0025519774 scopus 로고
    • A laboratory study of the Electromagnetic Bias of rough surface scattering by water waves
    • C. L. Parsons and L. S. Miller, “A laboratory study of the Electromagnetic Bias of rough surface scattering by water waves,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1001–1011, 1990.
    • (1990) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 1001-1011
    • Parsons, C.L.1    Miller, L.S.2
  • 26
    • 0021388795 scopus 로고
    • The non-Gaussian joint probability density function of slope and elevation for a nonlinear gravity wave field
    • N. E. Huang, S. R. Long, and C. C. Tung, “The non-Gaussian joint probability density function of slope and elevation for a nonlinear gravity wave field,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 89, no. C2, pp. 1961–1972, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.89 , Issue.C2 , pp. 1961-1972
    • Huang, N.E.1    Long, S.R.2    Tung, C.C.3
  • 27
    • 77957032569 scopus 로고
    • Activities in, and preliminary results of, air sea interaction research at I.M.S.T.
    • M. Coantic and A. Favre, “Activities in, and preliminary results of, air sea interaction research at I.M.S.T.,” Adv. Geophys., vol. 91, pp. 391–405, 1974.
    • (1974) Adv. Geophys. , vol.91 , pp. 391-405
    • Coantic, M.1    Favre, A.2
  • 28
    • 84941512758 scopus 로고
    • Contribution à l'étude de la structure statistique et des mécanismes de generation des vagues de vent
    • A. Ramamonjiarisoa “Contribution à l'étude de la structure statistique et des mécanismes de generation des vagues de vent,” Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat, Université de Provence, IMST, Marseille, 1974, pp. 300.
    • (1974) Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat, Université de Provence, IMST, Marseille , pp. 300.
    • Ramamonjiarisoa, A.1
  • 29
    • 0004187464 scopus 로고
    • 2nd. Ed.New York: Cambridge University Press, New York
    • O. M. Phillips, The Dynamic of the Upper Ocean, 2nd. Ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, New York, 1977.
    • (1977) The Dynamic of the Upper Ocean
    • Phillips, O.M.1
  • 30
    • 0024191706 scopus 로고
    • Effect of rainfall on scatterometer derived wind-speeds
    • Edinburgh, Scotland, Sept. ESA SP-284 (Paris: European Space Agency)
    • L. F. Bliven and G. Norcross, “Effect of rainfall on scatterometer derived wind-speeds,” in Proc. IGARSS '88, Edinburgh, Scotland, Sept. 12–16, 1988, ESA SP-284 (Paris: European Space Agency), vol. 1, 1988, pp. 565–566.
    • (1988) Proc. IGARSS '88 , vol.1 , pp. 12-16
    • Bliven, L.F.1    Norcross, G.2
  • 31
    • 0025792527 scopus 로고
    • A wind-wave tank study of the azimuthal response of a Ka-band scatterometer
    • J. P. Giovanangeli, L. F. Bliven, and O. Le Calve, “A wind-wave tank study of the azimuthal response of a Ka-band scatterometer,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 143–148, 1991.
    • (1991) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing. , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 143-148
    • Giovanangeli, J.P.1    Bliven, L.F.2    Le Calve, O.3
  • 32
    • 0027334222 scopus 로고
    • An experiment Study of Microwave Scattering From Rain and Wind-Roughened Seas
    • L. F. Bliven and J. P. Giovanangeli, “An experiment Study of Microwave Scattering From Rain and Wind-Roughened Seas,” Int. J. Remote Sensing, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 855–869, 1993.
    • (1993) Int. J. Remote Sensing , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 855-869
    • Bliven, L.F.1    Giovanangeli, J.P.2
  • 33
    • 84941517624 scopus 로고
    • A 35 GHz instrumentation radar for very high resolution measurements
    • NASAcontract NAS6-3120, July
    • L. S. Miller, “A 35 GHz instrumentation radar for very high resolution measurements,” Task IV Final Report, NASA contract NAS6-3120, 24 pp., July 1983.
    • (1983) Task IV Final Report , pp. 24
    • Miller, L.S.1
  • 34
    • 84941523699 scopus 로고
    • Removal of interference inherent in the lens radar system
    • VirginiaPolytechnic Inst. State Univ., June 6
    • D. J. Kirchner, “Removal of interference inherent in the lens radar system,” M.S. thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. State Univ., June 6, 130 pp., 1988.
    • (1988) M.S. thesis , pp. 130
    • Kirchner, D.J.1
  • 36
    • 0017439108 scopus 로고
    • The average impulse response of a rough surface and its applications
    • G. S. Brown, “The average impulse response of a rough surface and its applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagat., vol. AP-25, no. 1, pp. 67–74, 1977.
    • (1977) IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagat. , vol.AP-25 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-74
    • Brown, G.S.1
  • 37
    • 0024923191 scopus 로고
    • Geometric properties of deep water breaking waves
    • P. Bonmarin, “Geometric properties of deep water breaking waves,” J. Fluid Mech., vol. 209, pp. 405–433, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.209 , pp. 405-433
    • Bonmarin, P.1
  • 38
    • 15444373738 scopus 로고
    • Probability density function of breaking-limited surface elevation
    • C. C. Tung, N. E. Huang, Y. Yuan, and R. Long., “Probability density function of breaking-limited surface elevation,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 94, no. C1, pp. 967–972, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , Issue.C1 , pp. 967-972
    • Tung, C.C.1    Huang, N.E.2    Yuan, Y.3    Long, R.4
  • 39
    • 0027071049 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of Geosat wave height and windspeed measurements
    • D. J. Carter, Challenor P. G. and M. A. Srokosz, “An assessment of Geosat wave height and windspeed measurements,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 97, no. C7, pp. 11383–11392, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , Issue.C7 , pp. 11383-11392
    • Carter, D.J.1    Challenor, P.G.2    Srokosz, M.A.3
  • 40
    • 0027042937 scopus 로고
    • A new method for the validation of altimeter-derived sea-state parameters with results from wind and wave models
    • A. Guillaume and N. Mognard, “A new method for the validation of altimeter-derived sea-state parameters with results from wind and wave models,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 97, no. C6, pp. 9705–9717, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , Issue.C6 , pp. 9705-9717
    • Guillaume, A.1    Mognard, N.2
  • 41
    • 0026388271 scopus 로고
    • Effect of three dimensional wavefields on the altimeter response
    • Helsinki
    • M. Ioualalen, J. Poitevin, and C. Kharif, “Effect of three dimensional wavefields on the altimeter response,” in Proc. IGARSS '91 Symposium, Helsinki, vol. 2, 1991, pp. 483–485.
    • (1991) Proc. IGARSS '91 Symposium , vol.2 , pp. 483-485
    • Ioualalen, M.1    Poitevin, J.2    Kharif, C.3
  • 43
    • 0026302906 scopus 로고
    • An apparent wave-height dependence in the sea-state bias in GEOSAT altimeter range measurements
    • D. L. Witter and B. Chelton, “An apparent wave-height dependence in the sea-state bias in GEOSAT altimeter range measurements,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 96, no. C5, pp. 8861–8867, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.C5 , pp. 8861-8867
    • Witter, D.L.1    Chelton, B.2
  • 44
    • 0011623426 scopus 로고
    • On the sea state bias of the Geosat altimeter
    • R. Ray and C. Koblinsky, “On the sea state bias of the Geosat altimeter,” J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., vol. 8, pp. 397–408, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech. , vol.8 , pp. 397-408
    • Ray, R.1    Koblinsky, C.2
  • 45
    • 0021574201 scopus 로고
    • Electromagnetic bias of 10-GHz radar altimeter measurements of MSL
    • L. W. Choy, D. L. Hammond, and E. A. Uliana, “Electromagnetic bias of 10-GHz radar altimeter measurements of MSL” Mar. Geod., vol. 8, pp. 297–312, 1984.
    • (1984) Mar. Geod. , vol.8 , pp. 297-312
    • Choy, L.W.1    Hammond, D.L.2    Uliana, E.A.3
  • 46
    • 0000873243 scopus 로고
    • Statistics of the sea surface derived from sun glitter
    • C. Cox and W. Munk, “Statistics of the sea surface derived from sun glitter,” S. Found J. Mar. Res., vol. 13, pp. 198–227, 1954.
    • (1954) S. Found J. Mar. Res. , vol.13 , pp. 198-227
    • Cox, C.1    Munk, W.2
  • 47
    • 0343551908 scopus 로고
    • Sur l'évolution des spectres d'énergie des vagues de vent à fetch court
    • A. Ramamonjiarisoa, “Sur l'évolution des spectres d'énergie des vagues de vent à fetch court,” Mem Soc. Roy. Liege, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 47–66, 1973.
    • (1973) Mem Soc. Roy. Liege , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 47-66
    • Ramamonjiarisoa, A.1
  • 49
    • 0022421159 scopus 로고
    • On the microwave reflectivity of small scale breaking waves
    • M. L. Banner and E. H. Fooks, “On the microwave reflectivity of small scale breaking waves,” Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A, 399, pp. 93–109, 1985.
    • (1985) Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A , vol.399 , pp. 93-109
    • Banner, M.L.1    Fooks, E.H.2
  • 50
    • 0021892011 scopus 로고
    • Aircraft and satellite measurement of ocean wave directional spectra using scanning-beam microwave radars
    • F. C. Jackson, W. T. Walton, and P. L. Baker, “Aircraft and satellite measurement of ocean wave directional spectra using scanning-beam microwave radars,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 90, no. C1, pp. 987–1004, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.90 , Issue.C1 , pp. 987-1004
    • Jackson, F.C.1    Walton, W.T.2    Baker, P.L.3
  • 51
    • 0025551351 scopus 로고
    • Altimeter response to nonlinear surface wave fields
    • Washington
    • J. Poitevin, A. Ramamonjiarisoa, and C. Kharif, “Altimeter response to nonlinear surface wave fields,” in Proc. IGARSS '90, Washington, vol. 1, 1990, pp. 699–702.
    • (1990) Proc. IGARSS '90 , vol.1 , pp. 699-702
    • Poitevin, J.1    Ramamonjiarisoa, A.2    Kharif, C.3
  • 52
    • 84930133069 scopus 로고
    • The effect of non linearities on statistical distributions in the theory of sea waves
    • M. S. Longuet-Higgins, “The effect of non linearities on statistical distributions in the theory of sea waves,” J. Fluid Mech., vol. 17, pp. 459–480, 1963.
    • (1963) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.17 , pp. 459-480
    • Longuet-Higgins, M.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.