Formation of Lithium-Graphite Intercalation Compounds in Nonaqueous Electrolytes and Their Application as a Negative Electrode for a Lithium Ion (Shuttlecock) Cell

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Volumn 140, Issue 9, 1993, Pages 2490-2498

  Ohzuku, Tsutomu ^a   Iwakoshi, Yasunobu ^a   Sawai, Keijiro ^a  

^a Osaka Prefecture University   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRODES; GRAPHITE; LITHIUM; REACTION KINETICS; REDUCTION;

INTERCALATION; LITHIUM ION CELL; X RAY DIFFRACTION STRUCTURE;

ELECTROLYTES;

EID: 0027662167     PISSN: 00134651     EISSN: 19457111     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1149/1.2220849     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. M. S. Whittingham, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 123, 315 (1976).
2. M. S. Whittingham, Prog. Solid State Chem., 12, 41 (1978).
3. J. A. Stiles, New Mater. New Process., 2, 89 (1985).
4. F. C. Laman, M. W. Matsen, and J. A. Stiles, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 133, 2441 (1986).
5. A. Herold, in Intercalated Layered Materials, F. A. Levy Editor, p. 330, Reidel Pub. Co., Dardrecht (1979).
6. W. C. Forsman, T. Dziemianowicz K. Leong, and D. Carl, Synth. Met. 5, 77 (1983).
7. H. Selig and L. B. Ebert, Avd. Inorg. Chem. Radiochem, 23, 281 (1985).
8. T. Nakajima, K. Morita, R. Hagiwara, and N. Watanabe, Electrochim. Acta, 30, 1541 (1985).
9. T. Iijima and Y. Toyoguchi, Denki Kagaku, 54, 600 (1986).
10. T. Nakajima, A. Mabachi, R. Hagiwara, N. Watanabe, and F. Nakamura, This Joural, 135, 273 (1988).
11. R. Hagiwara, M. Lerner, N. Bartlett, and T. Nakajima, This Joural, 135, 2393 (1988).
12. T. Ohzuku, A. Ueda, M. Nagayama, Y. Iwakoshi, and H. Komori, Electrochim. Acta, 38, 1159 (1993).
13. T. Ohzuku, A. Ueda, and M. Nagayama, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 140, 1862 (1993).
14. D. Guerard and A. Herold, Carbon, 13, 337 (1975).
15. K. Sawai, T. Ohzuku, and T. Hirai, Chem. Express, 5, 837 (1990).
16. J. R. Dahn, R. Fong, and M. J. Spoon, Phys. Rev., B42, 6424 (1990).
17. J. R. Dahn, Phys. Rev, B44, 9179 (1991).
18. R. Yazami and D. Guerard, Abstract 24, p. 32, The Electrochemical Society Extended Abstracts, Vol. 92–2, Toronto, ON, Canada, Oct. 11–16, 1992.
19. T. Ohzuku, M. Kitagawa, and T. Hirai, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 136, 3169 (1989).
20. T. Ohzuku, M. Kitagawa, and T. Hirai, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 137, 40 (1990).
21. S. A. Safran, Phys. Rev. Lett., 44, 937 (1980).
22. S. E. Millman, G. Kirczenew, and D. Solenberger, J. Phys. C, 15, L1269 (1982).
23. J. E. Fischer, C. D. Fuerst, and K. C. Woo, Synth. Met., 7, 1 (1983).
24. N. Daumas and A. Herold, Compt. Rend., 268, C373 (1969).
25. B. Scrosati, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 139, 2776 (1992).
26. K. J. Vetter, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 110, 597 (1963).
27. N. A. W. Holzwarth, S. Rabii, and L. A. Girifalco, Phys. Rev., B18, 5190, 5206 (1978).
28. W. Eberhardt, I. T. McGovern, E. W. Plummer, and J. E. Fischer, Phys. Rev. Lett., 44, 200 (1980).