A New Primary Thermal Noise Standard at PTB for the Frequency Range 12.4-18.0 GHz

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 1993, Pages 258-263

  Buchholz, Friedrich Immanuel ^a   Kessel, Wolfgang ^a  

^a PHYSIKALISCH TECHNISCHE BUNDESANSTALT   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION; ELECTRIC LINES; THERMAL NOISE; WAVEGUIDES;

MODULAR CONFIGURATION; MONITORING ASSEMBLY; NOISE SOURCE CALIBRATION; TRANSMISSION LINE;

STANDARDS;

EID: 0027580772     PISSN: 00189456     EISSN: 15579662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/19.278561     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. W. Kessel and F.-Im. Buchholz, “The PTB R100 primary thermal noise standard,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. IM-32, pp. 286–288, Mar. 1983.
2. F.-Im. Buchholz and W. Kessel, “A primary broad-band coaxial thermal noise standard for the range 100 MHz to 10 GHz,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. IM-36, pp. 474–479, June 1987.
3. H. Nyquist, “Thermal agitation of electric charge in conductors,” Phys. Rev., vol. 32, pp. 110–115, 1928.
4. “Development of a precision broadband coaxial noise source at 700 K noise temperature and in a frequency range of 0.1 GHz to 10 GHz,” European Community, Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), Contract No. 677/1/0/028/8l/2/BCR-UK(30) and 678/1/0/028/81/2/BCR-D(30), EUR 11792 EN, Brussels, Belgium.
5. M. W. Sinclair and A. M. Wallace, “A new national electrical noise standard in X-band,” Proc. IEE, vol. 133, pt. A, no. 5, pp. 272–274, July 1986.
6. Western European Calibration Cooperation, WECC, Doc. 19–1990, “Guidelines for the expression of the uncertainty of measurement in calibrations.”
7. F.-Im. Buchholz, W. Kessel, and J. Niemeyer, “Improvements in the accuracy of a new coaxial thermal noise standard,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 38, pp. 465–469, Apr. 1989.
8. H. Bayer, “Präzisionsbestimmung von Abschwächungen bis 20 dB und der spezifischen Leitfähigkeit von Metallen im Höchstfrequenzbereich,” PTB-Mitteilungen, vol. 82, no. 5, pp. 289–293, 1972.
9. H.-G. Unger, Elektromagnetische Theorie für die Hochfrequenztechnik. Teil I. Heidelberg: Hüthig Verlag, 1981, pp. 215–221.