Synaptic structure and development: The neuromuscular junction

Cell

Volumn 72, Issue 1001, 1993, Pages 99-121

  Hall, Zach W ^a   Sanes, Joshua R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGING; ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CYTOLOGY; EMBRYOLOGY; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; INNERVATION; MUSCLE; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; NERVE CELL; NERVOUS SYSTEM; NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; NEUROMUSCULAR SYNAPSE; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REVIEW; SYNAPSE; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

AGING; ANIMAL; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; EMBRYO AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; MUSCLES; NERVOUS SYSTEM; NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION; NEURONS; SYNAPSES;

EID: 0027354449     PISSN: 00928674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80031-5     Document Type: Review

References (290)

1. Gap junctional communication during neuromuscular junction formation
2. Nerve-induced remodeling of muscle basal lamina during synaptogenesis
3. Nerve-induced and spontaneous redistribution of acetylcholine receptors on cultured muscle cells
4. Aggregates of acetylcholine receptors are associated with plaques of a basal lamina heparan sulfate proteoglycan on the surface of skeletal muscle fibers
5. Effects of innervation on the distribution of acetylcholine receptors on cultured amphibian muscle cells
6. Synaptic differentiation can be evoked by polymer microbeads that mimic localized pericellular proteolysis by removing proteins from adjacent surfaces
7. Acetylcholinesterase from the motor nerve terminal accumulates on the synaptic basal lamina of the myofiber
8. Basal lamina directs acetylcholinesterase accumulation at synaptic sites in regenerating muscle
9. Developmental and neural regulation of a subsarcolemmal component of the rat neuromuscular junction
10. Neurotransmission regulates stability of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
11. Lateral motion of fluorescent-labelled acetylcholine receptors in the membrane of developing muscle fibers
12. Induction of acetylcholine receptor clustering by native polystyrene beads
13. In vivo observation of pre- and postsynaptic changes during the transition from multiple to single innervation at developing neuromuscular junctions
14. Syntaxin: a synaptic protein implicated in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones
15. The formation of neuromuscular synapses
16. Increased extrajunctional acetylcholine sensitivity produced by chronic post-synaptic blockade
17. Loss of α-bungarotoxin from junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in rat diaphragm muscle in vivo and in organ culture
18. The effects of partial denervation at birth on the development of muscle fibres and motor units in rat lumbrical muscle
19. The distribution of α-bungarotoxin binding sites on mammalian skeletal muscle developing in vivo
20. Different distributions of dystrophin and related proteins at nerve-muscle junctions
21. Physiological and structural changes at the amphibian myoneural junction, in the course of nerve degeneration
22. Role of calcium in the regulation of acetylcholine receptor synthesis in cultured muscle cells
23. 2+-dependent and -independent cell adhesion molecules
24. Cytoskeletal components of the vertebrate neuromuscular junction: vinculin, α-actinin, and filamin
25. An unusual β-spectrin associated with clustered acetylcholine receptors
26. Molecular events in synaptogenesis nerve-muscle adhesion and postsynaptic differentiation
27. Reversible loss of acetylcholine receptor clusters at the developing rat neuromuscular junction
28. Cytoplasmic components of acetylcholine receptor clusters of cultured rat myotubes: the 58-kD protein
29. Signal transduction in synaptic transmission
30. Signal transduction in synaptic transmission
31. Integrin on developing and adult skeletal muscle
32. Regulation of acetylcholine receptor channel function during development of skeletal muscle
33. Dependence of acetylcholine receptor channel conversion on muscle activity at denervated neonatal rat endplates
34. On the effect of muscle activity on the end-plate membrane in denervated mouse muscle
35. Neurotrophic control of channel properties at neuromuscular synapses of rat muscle
36. Control of endplate channel properties by neurotrophic effects and by muscle activity in rat
37. Imprinting of acetylcholine receptor messenger RNA accumulation in mammalian neuromuscular synapses
38. Synapse-specific expression of acetylcholine receptor genes and their products at original synaptic sites in rat soleus muscle fibres regenerating in the absence of innervation
39. Assays for cholinergic properties in cultured rat Schwann cells
40. Synthesis of acetylcholine receptor by denervated rat diaphragm muscle
41. Polyneuronal innervation of skeletal muscle in new-born rats and its elimination during maturation
42. Motor nerve sprouting
43. Studies of nerve-muscle interactions in Xenopus cell culture: fine structure of early functional contacts
44. Development of the neuromuscular junction in the chick embryo: the number, distribution, and stability of acetylcholine receptors
45. The subsynaptic 43-kDa protein is concentrated at developing nerve-muscle synapses in vitro
46. Acetylcholine receptors in regenerating muscle accumulate at original synaptic sites in the absence of the nerve
47. Crosslinking of proteins in acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes: association between the β-subunit and the 43 kd subsynaptic protein
48. Competition favouring inactive over active motor neurones during synapse elimination
49. The downregulation of growth-associated proteins in motoneurons at the onset of synapse elimination is controlled by muscle activity and IGF1
50. Nerve sprouting in innervated adult skeletal muscle induced by exposure to elevated levels of insulin-like growth factors
51. r protein associated with acetylcholine receptors in Torpedo electric organ and vertebrate skeletal muscle
52. Presence of a protein immunologically related to lamin B in the postsynaptic membrane of Torpedo marmorata electrocyte
53. A 102 base pair sequence of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor delta-subunit gene confers regulation by muscle electrical activity
54. Increases in pericellular proteolysis at developing neuromuscular junctions in culture
55. Turnover of junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors of the rat diaphragm
56. Compartmentalized transcription of acetylcholine receptor genes during motor endplate epigenesis
57. Differentiation of basal lamina in synaptic and extrasynaptic portions of embryonic rat muscle
58. Developmental changes in the distribution of acetylcholine receptors in the myotomes of Xenopus laevis
59. Early appearance of and neuronal contribution to agrin-like molecules at embryonic frog nerve-muscle synapses formed in culture
60. 2+ channels on frog motor nerve terminals revealed by fluorescent ω-conotoxin
61. Effect of low calcium and protease inhibitors on synapse elimination during postnatal development in the rat soleus muscle
62. Cell accumulation in the junctional region of denervated muscle
63. Motor endplate structure
64. Neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) accumulates in denervated and paralyzed skeletal muscles
65. Distribution of N-CAM in synaptic and extrasynaptic portions of developing and adult skeletal muscle
66. Molecular forms of N-CAM and its RNA in developing and denervated skeletal muscle
67. Neurite outgrowth on cryostat sections of innervated and denervated skeletal muscle
68. The regulation of synaptogenesis during normal development and following activity blockade
69. Hebbian depression of isolated neuromuscular synapses in vitro
70. Quantal transmitter release from myocytes loaded with acetylcholine
71. r proteins to receptor-enriched domains of newly formed acetylcholine receptor aggregates in isolated myotube membranes
72. Localization of ACh receptors and cholinesterase on nerve-contacted and noncontacted muscle cells grown in the presence of agents that block action potentials
73. Calcium permeability of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: the single-channel calcium influx is significant
74. Presynaptic or postsynaptic origin of acetylcholinesterase at neuromuscular junctions? An immunological study in heterologous nerve-muscle cultures
75. Development of the neuromuscular junction: inductive interactions between cells
76. Formation of acetylcholine receptor clusters in chick myotubes: migration or new insertion?
77. A model for the localization of acetylcholine receptors at the muscle end-plate
78. Myogenin and MyoD join a family of skeletal muscle genes regulated by electrical activity
79. Experiments on motor nerve regeneration and the direct neurotization of paralyzed muscles by their own and by foreign nerves
80. The neuromuscular junction
81. Acetylcholine receptor clustering and nuclear movement in muscle fibers in culture
82. Distribution and isolation of four laminin variants; tissue restricted distribution of heterotrimers assembled from five different subunits
83. Studies of nerve-muscle interaction in Xenopus cell culture: analysis of early synaptic currents
84. r 42,000 ARIA: a protein that may regulate the accumulation of acetylcholine receptors at developing chick neuromuscular junctions
85. Control of acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle
86. The synaptic vesicle protein SV2 is a novel type of transmembrane transporter
87. How many agrins does it take to make a synapse?
88. RNA splicing regulates agrin-mediated acetylcholine receptor clustering activity on cultured myotubes
89. Plasminogen activators and inhibitors in the neuromuscular system. III. The serpin protease nexin I is synthesized by muscle and localized at neuromuscular synapses
90. Synapse formation between dissociated nerve and muscle cells in low density cell cultures
91. The distribution of acetylcholine sensitivity over uninnervated and innervated muscle fibers grown in cell culture
92. + channels and ankyrin in neuromuscular junctions is complementary to that of acetylcholine receptors and the 43 kd protein
93. Calcitonin gene-related peptide, a peptide present in spinal cord motoneurons, increases the number of acetylcholine receptors in primary cultures of chick embryo myotubes
94. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and muscle activity regulate acetylcholine receptor α-subunit mRNA levels by distinct intracellular pathways
95. Detection of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α-subunit mRNA by in situ hybridization at neuromuscular junctions of 15-day-old chick striated muscles
96. cDNAs for the postsynaptic 43-kDa protein of Torpedo electric organ encode two proteins with different carboxyl termini
97. Early events in neuromuscular junction formation in vitro. Induction of acetylcholine receptor clusters in the postsynaptic membrane and morphology of newly formed nerve-muscle synapses
98. The interaction between foreign and original motor nerves innervating the soleus muscle of rats
99. Persistence of junctional acetylcholine receptors following denervation
100. The submembrane machinery for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor clustering
101. r 43,000 protein of Torpedo postsynaptic membrane
102. r 58,000 (58K) protein concentrated at acetylcholine receptor-rich sites in Torpedo electroplaques and skeletal muscle
103. The postsynaptic 43K protein clusters muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in Xenopus oocytes
104. Regulation of turnover and number of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions
105. Fibroblasts that proliferate near denervated synaptic sites in skeletal muscle synthesize the adhesive molecules tenascin J1, N-CAM, fibronectin, and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan
106. Differentiation of motor nerve terminals formed in the absence of muscle fibers
107. Comparison of agrin-like proteins from the extracellular matrix of chicken kidney and muscle with neural agrin, a synapse organizing protein
108. Spatial and temporal expression of acetylcholine receptor RNAs in innervated and denervated rat soleus muscle
109. Acetylcholine receptor α, β, γ, δ subunit mRNA levels are regulated by muscle activity
110. Induction of adult-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene expression in noninnervated regenerating muscle
111. Developmental mechanisms that generate precise patterns of neuronal connectivity
112. Developmental mechanisms that generate precise patterns of neuronal connectivity
113. A muscle cell variant defective in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis forms nerve-induced but not spontaneous clusters of the acetylcholine receptor and the 43 kD protein
114. Synthesis and assembly of the synaptic cleft protein S-laminin by cultured cells
115. Immunological evidence for a change in subunits of the acetylcholine receptor in developing and denervated rat muscle
116. Multiple mechanisms regulate muscle fiber diversity
117. Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor
118. Neural regulation of N-cadherin gene expression in developing and adult skeletal muscle
119. Multiple forms of acetylcholinesterase and their distribution in endplate and non-endplate regions of rat diaphragm muscle
120. Cytoplasmic actin in postsynaptic structures at the neuromuscular junction
121. Induction of formation of presynaptic terminals in neuroblastoma cells by synapsin IIb
122. Retrograde modulation at developing neuromuscular synapses: involvement of G protein and arachidonic acid cascade
123. Acetylcholine receptor production and incorporation into membranes of developing muscle fibers
124. The absence of calcium blocks impulse-evoked release of acetylcholine but not de novo formation of functional neuromuscular synaptic contacts in culture
125. Structural changes after transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction
126. Internal and external differentiations of the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction
127. The cytoskeletal architecture of the presynaptic terminal and molecular structure of synapsin I
128. Protein kinase C couples membrane excitation to acetylcholine receptor gene inactivation in chick skeletal muscle
129. Evidence that fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF-5) is a major muscle-derived survival factor for cultured spinal motoneurons
130. Acetylcholine release from growth cones detected with patches of acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes
131. A laminin-like adhesive protein concentrated in the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction
132. Primary sequence of a motor neuron-selective adhesive site in the synaptic basal lamina protein s-laminin
133. An LRE (leucine-arginine-glutamate)-dependent mechanism for adhesion of neurons to S-laminin
134. Primary structure of dystrophin-associated glycoproteins linking dystrophin to the extracellular matrix
135. Transmitter release increases intracellular calcium in perisynaptic Schwann cells in situ
136. The perinatal reorganization of the innervation of skeletal muscle in mammals
137. Embryonic acetylcholine receptors guarantee spontaneous contractions in rat developing muscle
138. Compartmentalization of cold-stable and acetylated microtubules in the subsynaptic domain of chick skeletal muscle fibre
139. Analysis of binding and activating functions of the chick muscle acetylcholine receptor γ-subunit upstream sequence
140. Synaptic basal lamina contains a signal for synapse-specific transcription
141. Storage and release of neurotransmitter
142. Storage and release of neurotransmitter
143. The fine structure of motor endplate morphogenesis
144. Initial synaptic transmission at the growth cone in Xenopus nerve-muscle cultures
145. Activity regulates the levels of acetylcholine receptor α-subunit mRNA in cultured chick myotubes
146. 2+
147. An acetylcholine receptor α-subunit promoter conferring preferential synaptic expression in muscle of transgenic mice
148. Primary structure of a collagenic tail peptide of Torpedo acetylcholinesterase: co-expression with catalytic subunit induces the production of collagen-tailed forms in transfected cells
149. Accurate reinnervation of motor end plates after disruption of sheath cells and muscle fibers
150. The elimination of synapses in multiply-innervated skeletal muscle fibres of the rat: dependence on distance between end-plates
151. Development of the myotomal neuromuscular junction in Xenopus laevis: an electrophysiological and fine-structural study
152. Nerve disperses pre-existing acetylcholine receptor clusters prior to induction of receptor accumulation in Xenopus muscle cultures
153. Determination of the tissue distributions and relative concentrations of the postsynaptic 43kDa protein and the acetylcholine receptor in Torpedo
154. Clusters of 43-kDa protein are absent from genetic variants of C2 muscle cells with reduced acetylcholine receptor expression
155. Calcitonin gene-related peptide elevates cyclic AMP levels in chick skeletal muscle: possible neurotrophic role for a coexisting neuronal messenger
156. Phorbol esters inhibit the activity of the chicken acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit gene promoter
157. Precision of reinnervation of original postsynaptic sites in frog muscle after a nerve crush
158. Cloning, expression during development, and evidence for release of a trophic factor for ciliary ganglion neurons
159. Development of calcitonin-gene-related peptide, chromgranin A, and synaptic vesicle markers in rat motor endplates, studied using immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning
160. Regulation of muscle cell growth and differentiation by the MyoD family of helix-loop-helix proteins
161. Muscle-derived agrin in cultured myotubes: expression in the basal lamina and at induced acetylcholine receptor clusters
162. Activity-dependent synaptic competition in vitro: heterosynaptic suppression of developing synapses
163. Control of ACh sensitivity by muscle activity in the rat
164. Control of junctional acetylcholinesterase by neural and muscular influences in the rat
165. Control of ACh sensitivity in rat muscle fibers
166. Exogenous synapsin I promotes functional maturation of developing neuromuscular synapses
167. Progressive restriction of synaptic vesicle protein to the nerve terminal during development of the neuromuscular junction
168. Motor neurons contain agrin-like molecules
169. Synthesis and transport of agrin-like molecules in motor neurons
170. Localization of the DMDL gene-encoded dystrophin-related protein using a panel of nineteen monoclonal antibodies: presence at neuromuscular junctions, in the sarcolemma of dystrophic skeletal muscle, in vascular and other smooth muscles, and in proliferating brain cell lines
171. Microinjection of a monoclonal antibody against a 37-kD protein (tropomyosin 2) prevents the formation of new acetylcholine receptor clusters
172. Nerve-dependent modulation of acetylcholine receptor ɛ-subunit gene expression
173. Acetylcholine receptor-inducing activity stimulates expression of the ɛ-subunit gene of the muscle acetylcholine receptor
174. Cholinergic differentiation factor (CDF/LIF) promotes survival of isolated rat embryonic motoneurons in vitro
175. Cholinesterases: Tissue and cellular distribution of molecular forms and their physiological regulation
176. Differential effect of α-latrotoxin on exocytosis from small synaptic vesicles and from large dense-core vesicles containing calcitonin gene-related peptide at the frog neuromuscular junction
177. Developmentally regulated expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide at mammalian neuromuscular junction
178. The agrin hypothesis
179. Cholinesterase is associated with the basal lamina at the neuromuscular junction
180. Neural regulation of gene expression by an acetylcholine receptor promoter in muscle of transgenic mice
181. Concentration of acetylcholine receptor mRNA in synaptic regions of adult muscle fibres
182. Denervation supersensitivity in skeletal muscle: analysis with a cloned cDNA probe
183. Molecular distinction between fetal and adult forms of muscle acetylcholine receptor
184. Three-dimensional structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and location of the major associated 43-kD cytoskeletal protein, determined at 22Å by low dose electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction to 12.5Å
185. Development of rat soleus endplate membrane following denervation at birth
186. Developmental expression of the genes encoding the four subunits of the chicken muscle acetylcholine receptor
187. The development of functional neuromuscular junctions in vitro: an ultrastructural and physiological study
188. The putative agrin receptor binds ligand in a calcium-dependent manner and aggregates during agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering
189. Response of myogenic determination factors to cessation and resumption of electrical activity in skeletal muscle A possible role for myogenin in denervation supersensitivity
190. Calcitonin gene-related peptide regulates muscle acetylcholine receptor synthesis
191. 43K protein and acetylcholine receptors colocalize during the initial stages of neuromuscular synapse formation in vivo
192. Structure of motor endplates in the different fiber types of vertebrate skeletal muscles
193. Dystrophin-related protein is localized to neuromuscular junctions of adult skeletal muscle
194. Cell death during development of the nervous system
195. Control of embryonic motoneuron survival in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor
196. Elimination of preexistent acetylcholine receptor clusters induced by the formation of new clusters in the absence of nerve
197. Formation of postsynaptic specializations induced by latex beads in cultured muscle cells
198. Development of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity in relationship to the formation of neuromuscular junctions in Xenopus myotomal muscle
199. Induction of synaptic development in cultured muscle cells by basic fibroblast growth factor
200. ACh receptor-rich domains organized in fibroblasts by recombinant 43-kilodalton protein
201. Two adjacent MyoD1-binding sites regulate expression of the acetylcholine receptor α-subunit gene
202. Localization of mRNAs coding CMD1, myogenin and the alpha-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor during skeletal muscle development in the chicken
203. The 5′-flanking region of the mouse muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β subunit gene promotes expression in cultured muscle cells and is activated by MRF4, myogenin and myoD
204. Requirement of heparan sulphate for bFGF-mediated fibroblast growth and myoblast differentiation
205. Neuromuscular transmission in newborn rats
206. Metabolic stabilization of acetylcholine receptors at newly formed neuromuscular junctions in rat
207. Neurally evoked calcium transients in terminal Schwann cells at the neuromuscular junction
208. Agrin released by motor neurons induces the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions
209. Terminal Schwann cells elaborate extensive processes following denervation of the motor endplate
210. In vivo visualization of pre- and postsynaptic changes during synapse elimination in reinnervated mouse muscle
211. The effect of selective, chronic stimulation on motor unit size in developing rat muscle
212. N-CAM at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction
213. Sodium channels near end-plates and nuclei of snake skeletal muscle
214. Strategic location of calcium channels at transmitter release sites of frog neuromuscular synapses
215. On the mechanism of acetylcholine receptor accumulation at newly formed synapses of chick myotubes
216. 2+ influx associated with muscle activity
217. The rotational diffusion of the acetylcholine receptor in Torpedo marmorata membrane fragments studied with a spin-labelled alpha-toxin: importance of the 43,000 protein(s)
218. 2+ mediate changes in acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptors caused by muscle contraction
219. Regulation of acetylcholinesterase appearance at neuromuscular junctions in vitro
220. The agrin gene codes for a family of basal lamina proteins that differ in function and distribution
221. Structure and expression of a rat agrin
222. Distribution and turnover rate of acetylcholine receptors throughout the junction folds at a vertebrate neuromuscular junction
223. Acetylcholine receptors in extrajunctional regions of innervated muscle have a slow degradation rate
224. Distribution of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors on a vertebrate muscle: evaluated by using a scanning electron microscope autoradiographic procedure
225. Regulation of choline acetyltransferase
226. The basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction
227. Reinnervation of muscle fiber basal lamina after removal of myofibers. Differentiation of regenerating axons at original synaptic sites
228. Brain extract induces synaptic characteristics in the basal lamina of cultured myotubes
229. Expression of several adhesive macromolecules (N-CAM, L1, J1, NILE, uvomorulin, laminin, fibronectin, and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan) in embryonic, adult and denervated adult skeletal muscles
230. Molecular heterogeneity of basal laminae: isoforms of laminin and collagen IV at the neuromuscular junction and elsewhere
231. S-laminin
232. Selective expression of an acetylcholine receptor-lacZ transgene in synaptic nuclei of adult muscle fibers
233. Degenerative and regenerative changes in the trochlear nerve of goldfish
234. Developmental regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
235. Neonatal denervation inhibits the normal postnatal decrease in endplate channel open time
236. A synapse-specific carbohydrate at the neuromuscular junction: association with both acetylcholinesterase and a glycolipid
237. Synaptic localization and neural regulation of an N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase in skeletal muscle
238. r 43,000 protein and the acetylcholine receptor in Torpedo postsynaptic membranes using monoclonal antibodies
239. Talin is a post-synaptic component of the rat neuromuscular junction
240. Immunochemical identification of desmin in Torpedo postsynaptic membranes and at the rat neuromuscular junction
241. Localization of dystrophin relative to acetylcholine receptor domains in electric tissue and adult and cultured skeletal muscle
242. Effect of reinnervation on the degradation rate of junctional acetylcholine receptors synthesized in denervated skeletal muscles
243. Cyclic AMP stabilizes the degradation of original junctional acetylcholine receptors in denervated muscle
244. Spatial restriction of AChR gene expression to subsynaptic nuclei
245. Spatial distribution of acetylcholine receptors at developing chick neuromuscular junctions
246. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA that encodes an agrin homolog in the marine ray
247. Developmental changes in acetylcholine receptor aggregates at rat skeletal neuromuscular junctions
248. Quantal nature of transmission and long-term potentiation
249. Quantal nature of transmission and long-term potentiation
250. Proteins of synaptic vesicles involved in exocytosis and membrane recycling
251. Evoked release of acetylcholine from the growing embryonic neuron
252. Structure and physiology of developing neuromuscular synapses in culture
253. Degeneration et regeneration des plaques motrices apres la section des nerfs
254. Alternative splicing of the neural cell adhesion molecule gene generates variant extracellular domain structure in skeletal muscle and brain
255. Activity and synapse elimination at the neuromuscular junction
256. Redistribution of synaptophysin and synapsin I during α-latrotoxin-induced release of neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction
257. Ion channel of acetylcholine receptor reconstructed from images of postsynaptic membranes
258. Skeletal muscle denervation activates acetylcholine receptor genes
259. cDNA that encodes active agrin
260. Localization of paxillin, a focal adhesion protein, to smooth muscle dense plaques, and the myotendinous and neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle
261. Release of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive substance from neuromuscular junction by nerve excitation and its action on striated muscle
262. Neurotransmitter action regulation of ligand-gated channels
263. Neurotransmitter action: regulation of ligand-gated channels
264. Purification and characterization of a polypeptide from chick brain that promotes the accumulation of acetylcholine receptors in chick myotubes
265. Neurexins: synaptic cell surface proteins related to the α-latrotoxin receptor and laminin
266. Specific localization of the α-latrotoxin receptor in the nerve terminal plasma membrane
267. Synaptic dynamics at the neuromuscular junction: mechanisms and models
268. Review: fine structure of synaptogenesis in the vertebrate central nervous system
269. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate: a possible chemical link in excitation-contraction coupling in muscle
270. Immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatin in developing chicken spinal cord motoneurons distribution and role in regulation of cAMP in cultured muscle cells
271. Agrin-induced specializations contain cytoplasmic, membrane, and extracellular matrix-associated components of the postsynaptic apparatus
272. Inhibition of agrin-induced acetylcholine-receptor aggregation by heparin, heparan sulfate, and other polyanions
273. Agrin induces phosphorylation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
274. Junctional form of acetylcholinesterase restored at nerve-free endplates
275. Formation of neuromuscular junctions in adults rats: accumulation of acetylcholine receptors, acetylcholinesterase, and components of synaptic basal lamina
276. The myoD gene family: nodal point during specification of the muscle cell lineage
277. Integration site-dependent expression of a transgene reveals specialized features of cells associated with neuromuscular junctions
278. Differential expression of the p65 gene family
279. Differential regulation of MyoD and myogenin mRNA levels by nerve-induced muscle activity
280. Developmental regulation of five subunit specific mRNAs encoding acetylcholine receptor subtypes in rat muscle
281. Neural factors regulate AChR subunit mRNAs at rat neuromuscular synapses
282. Initial events in the formation of neuromuscular synapse rapid induction of acetylcholine release from embryonic neuron
283. Cell surface, heparin-like molecules are required for binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to its high affinity receptor
284. Regional heterogeneity in the distal motor axon: three zones with distinctive intrinsic components
285. Spontaneous release of transmitter from growth cones of embryonic neurones
286. Rapid lateral diffusion of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in the developing muscle membrane of Xenopus tadpole
287. Acetylcholinesterase is functional in embryonic rat muscle before its accumulation at the sites of nerve-muscle contact
288. Redistribution of acetylcholine receptors on developing rat myotubes