Serological Precursors of Cancer: Serum Hormones and Risk of Subsequent Prostate Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 1993, Pages 27-32

  Hsing, Ann W ^a   Comstock, George W ^b  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROSTANOLONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTRONE; FOLLITROPIN; GONADOTROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; PROLACTIN; TESTOSTERONE; TUMOR MARKER;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CASE CONTROL STUDY; HUMAN; MALE; PROSTATE TUMOR; RISK;

AGED; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; ESTRADIOL; ESTRONE; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; GONADOTROPINS, PITUITARY; HUMAN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; MALE; MIDDLE AGE; ODDS RATIO; PROLACTIN; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; STANOLONE; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.; TESTOSTERONE; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 0027354043     PISSN: 10559965     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Ries, L. A. G., Hankey, B. F., Miller, B. A., Hartman, A. M., and Edwards, B. K. Cancer Statistics Review 1973–88, NIH Publication no. 91–2789. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute, 1991.
2. Boring, C. C., Squires, T. S., and Tong, T. Cancer Statistics, 1992. New York: American Cancer Society, 1992.
3. Ross, R. K., Paganini-Hill, A., and Henderson, B. E. The etiology of prostate cancer: what does the epidemiology suggest? Prostate, 4: 333–344, 1983.
4. Richardson, I. M. Prostatic cancer and social class. Br. J. Prev. Soc. Med., 19: 140–142, 1965.
5. Graham, S., Haughey, B., Marshall, J., Priore, R., Byers, T., Rzepka, T., Mettlin, C., and Pontes, J. E. Diet in the epidemiology of carcinoma of the prostate gland. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 4: 687–692, 1983.
6. Phillips, R. L., and Snowdon, D. A. Association of meat and coffee use with cancers of the large bowel, breast, and prostate among Seventh-Day Adventists: preliminary results. Cancer Res., 43: 2403s-2408s, 1983.
7. Kolonel, L. N., Yoshizawa, C. N., and Hankin, J. H. Diet and prostatic cancer: a case-control study in Hawaii. Am. J. Epidemiol., 127: 999–1012, 1988.
8. Centifanto, Y. M., Kaufman, H. E., Zam, Z. S., Drylie, D. M., and Deardourff, S. I. Herpesvirus type 2 in the male genitorurinary tract. Science (Washington DC), 178: 318–320, 1972.
9. Lees, R. E. M., Steele, R., and Wardle, D. Arsenic, syphilis, and cancer of the prostate. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 39: 227–230, 1985.
10. Steel, R., Lees, R. E. M., Kraus, A. S., and Rao, C. Sexual factors in the epidemiology of cancer of the prostate. J. Chronic Dis., 24: 29–37, 1971.
11. Kipling, M. D., and Waterhouse, J. A. H. Cadmium and prostatic carcinoma (Letter). Lancet, 1: 730–731, 1967.
12. Schrodt, G. R., Hall, T., and Whitmore, W. R. The concentration of zinc in diseased human prostate gland. Cancer (Phila.), 17: 1555–1566, 1964.
13. Meikle, A. W., Stanish, W. M., Taylor, N., Edwards, C. Q., and Bishop, C. T. Familial effects on plasma sex-steroid content in man: testosterone, estradiol and sex-hormone-binding globulin. Metabolism, 1: 6–9, 1982.
14. Hsing, A. W., McLaughlin, J. K., Schuman, L. M., Bjelke, E., Gridley, C., Wacholder, S., Co Chein, H. T., and Blot, W. J. Diet, tobacco use, and fatal prostate cancer: results from the Lutheran Brotherhood Cohort Study. Cancer Res., 50: 6836–6840, 1990.
15. Hsing, A. W., McLaughlin, J. K., Hrubec, Z., Blot, W. J., and Fraumeni, J. F., Jr. Tobacco use and prostate cancer: 26-year follow-up of U.S. veterans. Am. J. Epidemiol., 133: 437–441, 1991.
16. Huggins, C., and Hodges, C. V. Studies on prostatic cancer: effect of castration, of estrogen, and of androgen injection on serum phosphatase in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Res., 7: 293–297, 1941.
17. Marmorston, J., Lombardo, L. J., Myers, S. M., et al. Urinary excretion of estrone, estradiol and estriol by patients with prostatic cancer and benign prostatic hypertrophy. J. Urol., 93: 287–295, 1965.
18. Noble, R. L. The development of prostatic carcinoma in NB rats following prolonged sex hormone administration. Cancer Res., 37: 1929–1933, 1977.
19. Pollard, M. Spontaneous prostate adenocarcinoma in aged germ-free Wistar rats. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 51: 1235–1241, 1973.
20. Pollard, M., and Luckert, P. Promotional effects of testosterone and high fat diet in the development of autochthonous prostate cancer in rats. Cancer Lett., 32: 223–227, 1986.
21. Pollard, M., and Luckert, D. Promotional effects of testosterone and dietary fat on prostate carcinogenesis in genetically susceptible rats. Prostate, 6: 1–5, 1985.
22. Pollard, M., Snyder, D., and Luckert, D. Dihydrotestosterone does not induce prostate adenocarcinoma in L-W rats. Prostate, 70: 325–331, 1987.
23. Pollard, M., Luckert, P., and Schmidt, M. Induction of prostate adenocarcinoma in L-W rats by testosterone. Prostate, 3: 563–568, 1982.
24. Robson, M. C. Cirrhosis and prostatic neoplasms. Geriatrics, 21:150–154, 1966.
25. Glantz, C. M. Cirrhosis and carcinoma of the prostate gland, J. Urol., 97:291–293, 1964.
26. Habib, F. K., Lee, I. R., Stitch, S. R., et al. Androgen levels in the plasma and prostatic tissues of patients with benign hypertrophy and carcinoma of the prostate. J. Endocrinol., 77: 99–107, 1976.
27. Buttyan, R., and Olsson, C. A. Androgen receptor assays in advanced prostatic cancer. Urol. Clin. North Am., 11: 311–317, 1984.
28. Hawkins, E. F., Nija, M., Brassinne, C., et al. Steroid receptors in the human prostate. I. Estradiol-1713 binding in benign prostatic hypertrophy. Steroids, 26: 458–469, 1975.
29. Geller, J., Vazakas, G., Fruchtman, B., et al. The effect of cyproterone acetate on advanced carcinoma of prostate. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet., 727: 748–758, 1968.
30. Sciarra, F., Sorcini, G., Dilverio, F., et al. Testosterone and 4-andro-stenedione concentration in peripheral and spermatic venous blood of patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma: effects of diethylstilbestrol and cyproterone acetate therapy, J. Steroid Biochem., 2: 313–320, 1971.
31. Trunnel, J. B., and Duffey, B. J. Influence of certain steroids in behavior of human prostatic cancer. Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 72: 238–241, 1950.
32. Ghanadian, R., Puah, C. M., and O'Donoghue, E. P. N. Serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in carcinoma of the prostate. Br. J. Cancer, 39: 696–699, 1979.
33. Ahluwalia, B., Jackson, M. A., Jones, G. W., Williams, A. O., Mamidanna, S. R., and Rajgurus, S. Blood hormone profile in prostate cancer patients in high risk and low risk population. Cancer (Phila.), 48: 2267–2273, 1981.
34. Drafta, D., Proca, E., Zamfir, V., Schindler, A. E., Neacsu, E., and Stroe, E. Plasma steroids in benign prostatic hypertrophy and carcinoma of the prostate. J. Steroid Biochem., 77: 689–693, 1982.
35. Drafta, D., Schindler, A. E., Stroe, E., and Neacsu, E. Age-related changes of plasma steroids in normal adult males. Biochemistry, 17: 683–687, 1982.
36. Saroff, J., Kirdani, R. Y., and Chu, T. M., et al. Measurement of prolactin and androgens in patients with prostatic disease. Oncology, 37: 46–52, 1980.
37. Harper, M. E., Peeling, W. B., Cowley, T., Brownsey, B. G., Phillips, M. E. A., Groom, G., Fahmy, P., and Griffiths, K. Plasma steroid and protein hormone concentration in patients with prostatic carcinoma, before and during estrogen therapy. Acta Endocrinol., 87:409–426, 1976.
38. Bartsch, W., Horst, H. J., Becker, H., et al. Sex hormone binding globulin capacity, testosterone, 5-dihydrotestosterone, oestradiol and prolactin in plasma of patients with prostatic carcinoma under various types of hormonal treatment. Acta Endocrinol., 84: 650–664, 1977.
39. Zumoff, B., Levin, J., Stain, G. W., Rosenfeld, R. S., O'Connor, J., Freed, S. Z., Kream, J., Whitmore, W. S., Fukushima, D. K., and Hellman, L. Abnormal levels of plasma hormones in men with prostatic cancer: evidence toward a “two-disease” theory. Prostate, 3: 579–588, 1982.
40. Meikel, A. W., and Stanish, W. M. Familial prostatic cancer risk and low testosterone, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 54: 1104–1108, 1982.
41. Hulka, B. S., Hammond, J. E., DiFerdinando, G., Mickey, D., Fried, F. A., Checkoway, H., Stumpf, W. E., Beck, W. C., and Clark, T. D. Serum hormone levels among patients with prostatic carcinoma of benign prostatic hyperplasia and clinic controls. Prostate, 11: 171–182, 1987.
42. Rose, D., Laakso, K., Sotarauta, M., and Wynder, E. L. Hormone levels in prostatic fluid from healthy Finns and prostate cancer patients. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol., 20: 1317–1319, 1984.
43. Frick, J., and Bartsch, C. Hormonal status in prostatic disease. In: Prostatic Disease, pp. 143–158. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc., 1976.
44. Hammond, G. L., Konttun, M., Maattala, P., Puukka, M., and Vihko, R. Serum FSH, LH and prolactin in normal males and patients of prostatic diseases. Clin. Endocrinol., 7: 129–135, 1977.
45. Hammond, G. L., Konttun, M., Vihko, P., and Vihko, R. Serum steroids in normal males and patients with prostatic disease. Clin. Endocrinol., 9: 113–121, 1978.
46. Hammond, G. L. Endogenous steroid levels in the human prostate from birth to old age. A comparison of normal and diseased tissue. J. Endocrinol., 78: 7–19, 1978.
47. Hill, P., Wynder, E. L., Games, H., and Walker, A. R. P. Environmental factors, hormone status and prostate cancer. Prev. Med., 9: 657–666, 1980.
48. Ranniko, S., and Adlerceutz, H. Plasma estradiol, free testosterone, sex hormonal binding globulin capacity and prolactin in benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer. Prostate, 4: 223–229, 1983.
49. Nomura, A., Heilburn, L. K., Stemmermann, G. N., and Judd, H. L. Prediagnostic serum hormones and the risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 48:3515–3517, 1988.
50. Barrett-Connor, E., Garland, C., McPhillips, J. B., Khaw, K., and Wingard, D. L. A prospective, population-based study of androstenedi-one, estrogens, and prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 50: 169–173, 1990.
51. Menkes, M. S., Comstock, G. W., Vuilleumier, J. P., Helsing, K. J., Rider, A. A., and Brookmeyer, R. Serum β-carotene, vitamin E, selenium and the risk of lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., 315: 1250–1254, 1986.
52. Schober, S. E., Comstock, G. W., Helsing, K. F., Salkeld, R. M., Morris, J. S., Rider, A. A., and Brookemeyer, R. Serologic precursors of cancer. I. Prediagnostic serum nutrients and colon cancer risk. Am. J. Epidemiol., 726: 1033–1041, 1987.
53. Burney, P. G. J., Comstock, G. W., and Morris, J. S. Serologic precursors of cancer: serum micronutrients and the subsequent risk of pancreatic cancer. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 49: 895–900, 1989.
54. Garland, C. F., Comstock, G. W., Garland, F. C., Helsing, K. J., Shaw, E. K., and Gorham, E. D. Serum 5-hydroxyvitamin D and colon cancer: eight-year prospective study. Lancet, 2: 1176–1178, 1989.
55. Helzlsouer, K. J., Comstock, G. W., and Morris, J. S. Selenium, lycopene, a-tocopherol, 0-carotene, retinol and subsequent bladder cancer. Cancer Res., 49: 6144–6148, 1989.
56. Hsing, A. W., Comstock, G. W., Abbey, H., and Polk, B. F. Serologic precursors of cancer: retinol, carotenoids, tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 82: 941–946, 1990.
57. Comstock, G. W., Helzlsouer, K. J., and Bush, T. L. Prediagnostic serum levels of carotenoids and vitamin E as related to subsequent cancer in Washington County, Maryland. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53: 2605–2645, 1991.
58. Gordon, G., Helzlsouer, K. F., and Comstock, G. W. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate and the risk of developing bladder cancer. Cancer Res., 51: 1366–1369, 1991.
59. Abraham, G. E. Radioimmunoassay of plasma steroid hormone in modern methods of steroid analysis. In: E. Heftman (ed.), Modern Method of Steroid Analysis, pp. 451–470. New York: Academic Press, 1973.
60. Aubert, M. L., Becker, R. L., Saxena, B. B., and Raiti, S. Report of the National Pituitary Agency. Collaborative study of the radioimmunoassay of human prolactin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 38: 1115–1120, 1974.
61. Odell, W. D., Rayford, P. L., and Ross, G. T. Simple partially automated method for radioimmunoassay of human thyroid stimulating, growth, luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormones. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 70: 973–980, 1967.
62. Petrakis, N. L. Biologic banking in cohort studies, with special reference to blood. In: L. Garfinkel, O. Ochs, and M. Mushinsh (eds.), Selection, Follow-up, and Analysis in Prospective Studies: A Workshop. National Cancer Institute Monograph 67, NIH Publication no. 85–2713, pp. 193–198. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985.
63. Phillips, C. B., Yano, K., and Stemmermann, G. N. Decrease in serum estradiol values with storage (Letter). N. Engl. J. Med., 311: 1635, 1985.
64. Snedecor, G. W., and Cochran, W. G. Statistical Methods, Ed. 7, pp. 206–207, Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press, 1980.
65. Ross, R., Bernstein, L., Lono, R. A., Shimizu, H., Stanczyk, F. Z., Pike, M. C., and Henderson, B. E. Evidence for reduced 5 a-reductase activity in Japanese compared to US white and black males: implications for prostate cancer risk. Lancet, 339: 887–889, 1992.
66. Lookingbill, D. P., Demers, L. M., Wang, C., Leung, A., Rittmaster, R. S., and Santen, R. J. Clinical and biochemical parameters of androgen action in normal healthy Caucasian versus Chinese subjects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 72: 1242–1248, 1991.