Sources of error with use of Goldmann-type tonometers

Survey of Ophthalmology

Volumn 38, Issue 1, 1993, Pages 1-30

  Whitacre, Marc M ^a   Stein, Richard ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

applanation techniques; corneal morphology; errors in tonometric readings; Goldmann type tonometry; Imbert Fick law; intraocular pressure; manometry; Perkins tonometer; precorneal tear film; tonometer; venous pressure

Indexed keywords

ARTERIAL PRESSURE; ASTIGMATISM; CALIBRATION; CILIARY MUSCLE; CONTACT LENS; CORNEA CURVATURE; CORNEA EDEMA; CORNEA EPITHELIUM; CORNEA THICKNESS; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE; FLUORESCENCE; HUMAN; INTRAOCULAR FOREIGN BODY; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE ABNORMALITY; MANOMETRY; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; OCULOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TEAR FILM; TECHNIQUE; TONOMETRY; VENOUS PRESSURE;

CONTACT LENSES; CORNEA; CORNEAL EDEMA; HUMAN; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SELECTION BIAS; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; TONOMETRY;

EID: 0027291601     PISSN: 00396257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0039-6257(93)90053-A     Document Type: Review

References (113)

1. Prevalence and clinical associations of intraocular pressure changes in Graves' disease
2. Accommodation and applanation tonometry
3. Physiological variations in the intraocular pressure
4. Über den spontanen Druckabfall bei Applanationstonometrie
5. A study of the errors of applanation tonometry and tonography on two groups of normal people
6. Die Krankheien der Orbita
7. Tonography, Valsalva manoeuvre and central visual fields. A study of 429 patients
8. Central corneal thickness and intraocular tension in patients with acromegaly
9. Repeated applanation tonometry in optic atrophy
10. Repeated applanation tonometry in carotid occlusive disease
11. Direct-recorded intraocular pressure variations in a human subject
12. Continual monitoring of intraocular pressure: effect of central venous pressure, respiration, and eye movements on continual recordings of intraocular pressure in the rabbit, dog, and man
13. Applanation tonometer tip sterilization for adenovirus type 8
14. Dysthyroid eye disease masquerading as glaucoma
15. ™ in tonometry
16. Applanationstonometrie auf Kontaktlinsen mit hohem Wassergehalt. Probleme, Ergebnisse und Korrekturfaktoren
17. Applanation tonometry and central corneal thickness
18. Biometric correlations of corneal thickness
19. Central corneal thickness in lowtension glaucoma
20. An experimental clinical evaluation of dorsacaine hydrochloride (benoxinate novesine)
21. Ocular palpation in pseudophakia
22. Applanation tonometry using one drop of an anesthetic-fluorescein mixture
23. Eye-drops in tonometry
24. Ueber Messung des Druckes im Auge
25. Calibration of tonometers
26. Evidence of extraocular muscle restriction in autoimmune thyroid disease
27. Prevalence of increased intraocular pressure in Graves' disease — Evidence of frequent subclinical ophthalmopathy
28. The validity of the Imbert-Fick law as applied to applanation tonometry
29. Applanation tonometry
30. Some basic problems in simple glaucoma
31. Un nouveau tomètre d'applanation
32. Über Applanationstonometrie
33. Weiterer Beitrag zur Applanationstonometrie
34. Fluorescein for applanation tonometry. More convenient and uniform application
35. Applanation in the conscious cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis)
36. Combined solution of fluorescein and anesthetic
37. A clinical study of the normal human central corneal thickness
38. Elevated Tonometer Readings Caused by a Thick Cornea
39. Differential intraocular pressure as an indirect measure of generated muscle force
40. Electronic applanation tonometry
41. Trans Ophthal Soc UK
42. Applanation tonometry without fluorescein. Correspondence
43. Goldmann applanation tonometry in patients with regular corneal astigmatism
44. Clinical study of the safety of a fluoresceinanesthetic solution
45. Théorie s ophtalmotonome'tres
46. Intraocular pressure following penetrating keratoplasty
47. Increased corneal thickness simulating elevated intraocular pressure
48. Pressure measurement: Which tonometer?
49. Validity of Mackay-Marg electronic applanation tonometer in patients with scarred irregular corneas
50. “Minified” Goldmann applanating prism for tonometry in monkeys and humans
51. Activity of the oculorotary muscles during tonometry and tonography. An electromyographic study
52. Alcohol soaking damages applanation tonometer heads
53. Effects of loading of the eye on the intraocular pressure and on the episcleral venous pressure
54. On repeated tonometry
55. Manometric, pressure-cup, and tonographic procedures in the evaluation of intraocular dynamics. The rate of recovery of the intraocular pressure in normal and glaucomatous eye
56. Intraocular pressure responses to systemic autonomic stimulation
57. Intraocular pressure responses to systemic autonomic stimulation in diabetes mellitus
58. Postural changes in IOP in dysthyroid exophthalmos
59. L'Ophthalmotonométrie
60. Corneal curvature in applanation tonometry
61. The so-called Imbert-Fick Law (Correspondence)
62. Effects of accommodation and repeated applanation tonometry on intraocular pressure
63. A recording tonometer
64. Difficulties in measuring intraocular pressure and ocular rigidity
65. Comparison of MacKay-Marg, Goldmann and Perkins tonometers in abnormal corneas
66. Comparative tonometric measurements in eye bank eyes
67. Instantaneous tonometry
68. Proptosis and increase of intraocular pressure in voluntary lid fissure widening
69. Fluorescein in applanation tonometry
70. Repeated applanation tonometry
71. Horizontal gaze position effect on intraocular pressure
72. The Goldmann applanation tonometer
73. The Mackay-Marg tonometer. A report to the Committee on Standardization of Tonometers
74. Sources of variability in the results of applanation tonometry
75. Intraocular pressure changes in secondary positions of gaze in normal subjects and in restrictive ocular motility disorders
76. Veränderungen des Augeninnendruckes bei intrathorakaler Druckerh:hung in Abhagigkeit von der Körperposition und der Achsenlänge des Augapfels
77. Measurement of intraocular pressure after epikeratophakia
78. Disinfection of Goldmann tonometers against human immunodeficiency virus type I
79. Measurement of intraocular pressure: A study of its reproducibility
80. Kreislaufanslyse des Augeninnendruckes beim VALSAL VAschen Versuch
81. Hair glaucoma. Correspondence
82. A Fluorescein-anesthetic solution for applanation tonometry
83. Comparative intraocular pressure measurements with the pneumatonograph and Goldmann tonometer
84. Normal variations of intraocular pressure on vertical gaze
85. Moustache Glaucoma'. Correspondence
86. Applanation tonometry with and without fluorescein
87. Ocular pressure patterns in the Valsalva maneuver
88. The coefficient of scleral rigidity. Effect of variation of the intraocular volume
89. Differential intraocular pressure in strabismus diagnosis
90. The use of the Goldmann applanation tonometer
91. Zur Applanationstonometrie an der Spaltlampe
92. The clinical application of the Goldmann applanation tonometer
93. A theoretical and experimental study of the mechanical behavior of the cornea with application to the measurement of intraocular pressure
94. Applanation tonometry without fluorescence (Correspondence)
95. Applanation tonometry without fluorescence (Reply/Correspondence)
96. Ocular hypertension A 15-year follow-up
97. The role of increased intraocular pressure in the assessment of Graves ophthalmopathy
98. Die Beziehunger des Innendruckes zur äußeren Applanation der Hornhaut enucleierter Augen
99. Tonometer-Meßergebnisse bei einem Durchmesser der Hornhautapplanation von 3,53 mm
100. On changes in intraocular pressure
101. On changes in the intraocular pressure after application of the tonometer in the same eye and in the other eye
102. Fluorescein-proparacaine hydrochloride. Combination drops for applanation tonometry
103. The accuray of clinical applanation tonometry
104. Ocular dimensions in low tension glaucoma. Compared with open-angle glaucoma and the normal
105. Viability of herpes simplex type I on the applanation tonometer
106. Mesure de la pression oculaire, de la résistance à l'écoulement de l'humeur aqueuse et de la rigidité dans les exophtalmies endocriniennes
107. Applanation tonometry without fluorescein (Correspondence)
108. Tonometer utilization, accuracy, and calibration under field conditions
109. The effect of Perkins, Tono-Pen, and Schiötz tonometry on intraocular pressure
110. The effect of corneal thickness on applanation tonometry
111. Effects of repeated tonometry: Genuine and sham measurements
112. The role of intraocular blood volume in rigidity measurements in human eyes
113. Intraocular pressure changes in normal subjects and the adhesive muscle syndrome