Physical activity and bone mass: exercises in futility?

Bone and Mineral

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 1993, Pages 89-112

  Forwood, Mark R ^a   Burr, David B ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bone mass; Exercise; Growth; Osteoporosis

Indexed keywords

BONE GROWTH; BONE MASS; EXERCISE; HUMAN; OSTEOPOROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0027249345     PISSN: 01696009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0169-6009(08)80012-8     Document Type: Article

References (121)

1. Bone mass and the “mechanostat”: a proposal
2. The mechanostat: a proposed pathogenic mechanism of osteoporoses and the bone mass effects of mechanical and nonmechanical agents
3. Mathematical modelling and numerical solutions for functionally dependent bone remodelling
4. Influence of physical activity on the regulation of bone density
5. Can vigorous exercise play a role in osteoporosis prevention? A review
6. Physical activity effects on bone metabolism
7. Exercise, bone mineral density and osteoporosis
8. Unilateral activity and bone and muscle development in the forearm
9. Humeral hypertrophy in response to exercise
10. Bone mineral content and physical activity
11. Osseous changes in the second ray of classical ballet dancers
12. The 'law of bone transformation': a case of crying wolff?
13. Chronic effects of exercise
14. Skeletal structural adaptations to mechanical usage (SATMU): 3. The hyaline cartilage modeling problem
15. Mechanical loading history and skeletal biology
16. Influences of mechanical stress on prenatal and postnatal skeletal development
17. The role of mechanical loading histories in the development of diarthroidal joints
18. The influence of function on the development of bone curvature. An experimental study on the rat tibia
19. Wrist pain and distal growth plate closure of the radius in gymnasts
20. Stress injury of the distal radial growth plate
21. Effect of exercise on bone growth: mechanical and physical properties studied in the rat
22. Repetitive loading in vivo of the tibiae and femora of rats: effects of repeated bouts of treadmill running
23. Effects of exercise on maturing rat long bone structural and material properties
24. Differential response of rat limb bones to strenuous exercise
25. Structural and mechanical adaptation of immature bone to strenuous exercise
26. Muscle and bone hypertrophy positive effect of running exercise in the tat
27. The effect of physical training on the properties of long bone: a study of Wolffs Law
28. Effects of treadmill exercise on cortical bone in the third metacarpus of young horses
29. Suppression of the osteogenic response in the aging skeleton
30. Effects of activity on bone growth and development in the rat
31. Cortical bone remodelling in normal rats
32. The effect of swimming activity on bone architecture in growing rats
33. Effect of swimming on bone growth and development in young rats
34. Effects of voluntary exercise on bone mineral content in rats
35. Bone mechanical properties after exercise training in young and old rats
36. Age-related changes of cancellous and cortical bone histomorphometry in female Sprague-Dawley rats
37. Moderate physical exercise throughout adulthood increases peak bone mass at middle age and maintains higher trabecular bone density in vertebrae of senescent female rats
38. Effect of long-term endurance training on the development of connective tissues in mice
39. Physical training and connective tissues in young mice: biochemistry of long bones
40. Effects of prepubertal physical training on growth voluntary exercise cholesterol and basal metabolism in rats
41. Influence of chronic exercise on rat bones
42. Physical training and connective tissues in young mice: physical properties of achilles tendons and long bones
43. High intensity activities in young women: Site specific bone mass effects among female figure skaters
44. Structural and mechanical adaptations of immature trabecular bone to strenuous exercise
45. Effect of puberty on rates of bone growth and mineralisation
46. Alteration of metabolic and hormonal response to exercise and physical training
47. Multiple hormonal responses to prolonged exercise in relation to physical training
48. Bone mineral content of junior competitive weightlifters
49. Influence of labour and sport upon skeletal structure in man
50. Bone mineral content and physical activity
51. Effect of long distance running on bone mass in women
52. Long-distance running, bone density and osteoarthritis
53. Bone density in athletes
54. Role of exercise in prevention of involutional bone loss
55. Effect of physical activity on lumbar spine and femoral neck densities
56. Different training patterns and bone mineral density of the femoral shaft in elite female athletes
57. Exercise patterns and trabecular bone density in college women
58. The effects of muscle building exercise on bone mineral density of the radius, spine and hip in young men
59. Premenopausal bone mass is related to physical activity
60. Lifetime calcium intake and physical activity habits: independent and combined effects on the radial bone of healthy pre-menopausal caucasian women
61. Effects of physical activity on bone mineral content and muscle strength in women: a cross sectional study
62. Interaction of calcium nutrition and physical activity on bone mass in young women
63. Physical activity and bone mineral content in women aged 30-85 years
64. Moderate physical activity and bone density among perimenopausal women
65. Bone mineral density and physical activity in 50-60 year old women
66. Osteoporosis in post-menopausal women
67. Age related loss of bone mineral density in non-athletic and athletic women
68. Lower vertebral bone density in male long distance runners
69. Determinants of peak trabecular bone density in women: The role of androgens, estrogen and exercise
70. The relationship of swimming exercise to bone mass in men and women
71. Age-related differences in the bone mineralisation pattern of rats following exercise
72. The effect of endurance exercise on bone dimensions, collagen and calcium in the aged male rat
73. Increased bone calcium following endurance exercise in the mature female rat
74. A histomorphometric study of cortical bone activity during increased weight-bearing activity
75. Bone mass and bone cellular variations after five months of physical training in rhesus monkeys: histomorphometric study
76. The effect of long-distance running upon appendicular bone mineral content
77. Effects of weight-lifting on BMD in premenopausal women
78. Weight training decreases vertebral bone density in pre-menopausal women: a prospective study
79. Effects of resistance and endurance exercise on bone mineral status of young women: A randomised exercise intervention trial
80. Effect of intense physical activity on the bone-mineral content in the lower limbs of young adults
81. Gain in mass density of bone following strenuous physical activity
82. Bone mineral density after resumption of menses in amenorreic athletes
83. Skeletal change in response to altered strain environments: Is woven bone a response to elevated strain?
84. Menopausal changes in remodelling
85. Bone loss and biochemical indices of bone remodelling in surgically induced post-menopausal women
86. Menopausal changes in calcium balance performance
87. Rates of bone loss in the appendicular and axial skeletons of women. Evidence of substantial vertebral bone loss before menopause
88. Bone mineral content of the femoral neck and shaft: relation between cortical and trabecular bone
89. Bone remodelling: relationship to the amount and structure of bone and the pathogenesis and prevention of fracture
90. Cancellous bone remodelling in type I (post-menopausal) osteoporosis: quantitative assessment of rates of formation, resorption and bone loss at tissue and cellular levels
91. Running, osteoarthritis and bone density: initial 2-year longitudinal study
92. Bone density in Women: college athletes and older athletic women
93. Effect of two randomised exercise programmes on bone mass of healthy post-menopausal women
94. Weight-bearing exercise training and lumbar bone mineral content in post-menopausal women
95. Effects of exercise on bone mineral content in post-menopausal women
96. Effect of changes in weight-bearing exercise on lumbar bone mass after age fifty
97. Deconditioning increases bone resorption and decreases bone formation in the rat
98. Exercise reduces bone involution in middleaged women
99. Brisk walking does not stop bone loss in post-menopausal women
100. A 1-y walking program and increased dietary calcium in post-menopausal women: effects on bone
101. The effects of walking on the crosssectional dimensions of the radius in post-menopausal women
102. Influence of brisk walking on the broadband ultrasonic attenuation of the calcaneus in previously sedentary women aged 30-61 years
103. Ultrasonic attenuation of the os calcis in women with osteoporosis and hip fractures
104. Local bone mineral response to brief exercise that stresses the skeleton
105. Leichter I
106. Weight training effects on bone mineral density in early post-menopausal women
107. Estrogen therapy and variable resistance weight training increase bone mineral in surgically menopausal women
108. The effect of high intensity trunk exercise on bone mineral density of post-menopausal women
109. Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes
110. A note on the analysis of repeated measurements of the same subjects
111. Relationship between bone mass and rates of bone change at appendicular measurement sites
112. Metacarpal bone loss in middle aged women: “horse racing” in a 9-year population based follow-up study
113. The contribution of bone loss to post-menopausal osteoporosis
114. Physical exercise as prophylaxis against involutional vertebral bone loss: a controlled trial
115. Morphometry and calcium contents in appendicular and axial bones of exercised ovariectomised rats
116. Role of physical activity in the development of skeletal mass in children
117. The assessment of historical physical activity and its relation to adult bone parameters