The Use of Aspirin in Ischemic Heart Disease

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 327, Issue 3, 1992, Pages 175-181

  Desforges, Jane F ^a   Willard, John E ^b   Lange, Richard A ^b   Hillis, L David ^b  

^a University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; DIPYRIDAMOLE; PROSTACYCLIN;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLEEDING; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT; CORONARY ARTERY DILATATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THROMBOCYTE; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; THROMBOSIS; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS; ANGINA PECTORIS; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; HEART MUSCLE REVASCULARIZATION; POSTOPERATIVE CARE;

ANGINA PECTORIS; ASPIRIN; CORONARY DISEASE; HUMAN; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION; POSTOPERATIVE CARE;

EID: 0027121751     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199207163270308     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Vane RJ. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nature [New Biol] 1971; 231: 232–5.
2. Smith JB, Willis AL. Aspirin selectively inhibits prostaglandin production in human platelets. Nature [New Biol] 1971; 231: 235–7.
3. Zucker MB, Rothwell KG. Differential influences of salicylate compounds on platelet aggregation and serotonin release. Curr Ther Res 1978; 23: 194–9.
4. O'Brien JR. Effects of salicylates on human platelets. Lancet 1968; 1: 799–83.
5. Roth GJ, Majerus PW. The mechanism of the effect of aspirin on human platelets. I. Acetylation of a particulate fraction protein. J Clin Invest 1975; 56: 624–32.
6. Funk CD, Funk LB, Kennedy ME, Pong AS, FitzGerald GA. Human platelet/erythroleukemia cell prostaglandin G/H synthase: cDNA cloning, expression, and gene chromosomal assignment. FASEB J 1991; 5: 2304–12.
7. de Gaetano G, Cerletti C, Dejana E, Latini R. Pharmacology of platelet inhibition in humans: implications of the salicylate-aspirin interaction. Circulation 1985; 72: 1185–93.
8. Patrono C, Ciabattoni G, Pinca E, et al. Low dose aspirin and inhibition of thromboxane B2 production in healthy subjects. Thromb Res 1980; 17: 317–27.
9. Kallmann R, Nieuwenhuis HK, de Groot PG, van Gijn J, Sixma JJ. Effects of low doses of aspirin, 10 mg and 30 mg daily, on bleeding time, thromboxane production and 6-keto-PHF1a excretion in healthy subjects. Thromb Res 1987; 45: 355–61.
10. Moncada S, Vane JR. The role of prostacyclin in vascular tissue. Fed Proc 1979; 38: 66–71.
11. Preston FE, Whipps S, Jackson CA, French AJ, Wyld PJ, Stoddard CJ. Inhibition of prostacyclin and platelet thromboxane A2 after low-dose aspirin. N Engl J Med 1981; 304: 76–9.
12. Braden GA, Knapp HR, FitzGerald GA. Suppression of eicosanoid biosynthesis during coronary angioplasty by fish oil and aspirin. Circulation 1991; 84: 679–85.
13. Clarke RJ, Mayo G, Price P, FitzGerald GA. Suppression of THROMBOXANE A2 but not of systemic prostacyclin by controlled-release aspirin. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 1137–41.
14. Willerson JT, Hillis LD, Winniford M, Buja LM. Speculation regarding mechanisms responsible for acute ischemic heart disease syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8: 245–50.
15. Ridker PM, Manson JE, Gaziano M, Buring JE, Hennekens CH. Low-dose aspirin therapy for chronic stable angina: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 835–9.
16. Chesebro JH, Webster MWI, Smith HC, et al. Antiplatelet therapy in coronary disease progression: reduced infarction and new lesion formation. Circulation 1989; 80: Suppl II: II-266. abstract.
17. Holmes DR Jr, Hartzler GO, Smith HC, Fuster V. Coronary artery thrombosis in patients with unstable angina. Br Heart J 1981; 45: 411–6.
18. Ambrose JA, Winters SL, Stern A, et al. Angiographic morphology and the pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 5: 609–16.
19. Zack PM, Ischinger T, Aker UT, Dincer B, Kennedy HL. The occurrence of angiographically detected intracoronary thrombus in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Am Heart J 1984; 108: 1408–12.
20. Sherman CT, Litvack F, Grundfest W, et al. Coronary angioscopy in patients with unstable angina pectoris. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 913–9.
21. Falk E. Unstable angina with fatal outcome: dynamic coronary thrombosis leading to infarction and/or sudden death: autopsy evidence of recurrent mural thrombosis with peripheral embolization culminating in total vascular occlusion. Circulation 1985; 71: 699–708.
22. Davies MJ, Thomas achéal. Plaque fissuring — the cause of acute myocardial infarction, sudden ischaemic death, and crescendo angina. Br Heart J 1985; 53: 363–73.
23. Fitzgerald DJ, Roy L, Catella F, FitzGerald GA. Platelet activation in unstable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 983–9.
24. Théroux P, Latour J-G, Léger-Gauthier C, De Lara J. Fibrinopeptide A and platelet factor levels in unstable angina pectoris. Circulation 1987; 75: 156–62.
25. Kruskal JB, Commerford PJ, Franks JJ, Kirsch RE. Fibrin and fibrinogen-related antigens in patients with stable and unstable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 1361–5.
26. Ashton JH, Benedict CR, Fitzgerald C, et al. Serotonin as a mediator of cyclic flow variations in stenosed canine coronary arteries. Circulation 1986; 73: 572–8.
27. Bush LR, Campbell WB, Kern K, et al. The effects of α2-adrenergic and serotonergic receptor antagonists on cyclic blood flow alterations in stenosed canine coronary arteries. Circ Res 1984; 55: 642–52.
28. Bush LR, Campbell WB, Buja LM, Tilton GD, Willerson JT. Effects of the selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazoxiben on variations in cyclic blood flow in stenosed canine coronary arteries. Circulation 1984; 69: 1161–70.
29. Folts JD, Crowell EB Jr, Rowe GG. Platelet aggregation in partially obstructed vessels and its elimination with aspirin. Circulation 1976; 54: 365–70.
30. Fitzgerald DJ, Doran J, Jackson E, FitzGerald GA. Coronary vascular occlusion mediated via thromboxane A2-prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor activation in vivo. J Clin Invest 1986; 77: 496–502.
31. Hirsh PD, Hillis LD, Campbell WB, Firth BG, Willerson JT. Release of prostaglandins and thromboxane into the coronary circulation in patients with ischemic heart disease. N Engl J Med 1981; 304: 685–91.
32. Eichhorn EJ, Grayburn PA, Willard JE, et al. Spontaneous alterations in coronary blood flow velocity before and after coronary angioplasty in patients with severe angina. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 17: 43–52.
33. Lewis HD Jr, Davis JW, Archibald DG, et al. Protective effects of aspirin against acute myocardial infarction and death in men with unstable angina: results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 396–403.
34. The RISC Group. Risk of myocardial infarction and death during treatment with low dose aspirin and intravenous heparin in men with unstable coronary artery disease. Lancet 1990; 336: 827–30.
35. Cairns JA, Gent M, Singer J, et al. Aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or both in unstable angina: results of a Canadian multicenter trial. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 1369–75.
36. Théroux P, Ouimet H, McCans J, et al. Aspirin, heparin, or both to treat acute unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 1105–11.
37. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis — an update. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 488–500.
38. Pick R, Chediak J, Glick G. Aspirin inhibits development of coronary atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca Fascicularis) fed an atherogenic diet. J Clin Invest 1979; 63: 158–62.
39. Koster JK Jr, Tryka AF, H'Doubler P, Collins JJ Jr. The effect of low-dose aspirin and dipyridamole upon atherosclerosis in the rabbit. Artery 1981; 9: 405–13.
40. Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group. Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians' Health Study. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 129–35.
41. Manson JE, Grobbee DE, Stampfer MJ, et al. Aspirin in the primary prevention of angina pectoris in a randomized trial of United States physicians. Am J Med 1990; 89: 772–6.
42. Muller JE, Stone PH, Turi ZG, et al. Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 1315–22.
43. Willich SN, Linderer T, Wegscheider K, et al. Increased morning incidence of myocardial infarction in the ISAM Study: absence with prior β-adrenergic blockage. Circulation 1989; 80: 853–8.
44. Brezinski DA, Tofler GH, Muller JE, et al. Morning increase in platelet aggregability: association with assumption of the upright posture. Circulation 1988; 78: 35–40.
45. Ridker PM, Manson JE, Buring JE, Muller JE, Hennekens CH. Circadian Variation of acute myocardial infarction and the effect of low-dose aspirin in a randomized trial of physicians. Circulation 1990; 82: 897–902.
46. Peto R, Gray R, Collins R, et al. Randomised trial of prophylactic daily aspirin in British male doctors. BMJ 1988; 296: 313–6.
47. Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. A prospective study of aspirin use and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. JAMA 1991; 266: 521–7.
48. Elwood PC, Cochrane AL, Burr ML, et al. A randomized controlled trial of acetyl salicylic acid in the secondary prevention of mortality from myocardial infarction. BMJ 1974; 1: 436–40.
49. The Coronary Drug Project Research Group. Aspirin in coronary heart disease. Circulation 1980; 62: Suppl V: V-59—V-62.
50. Elwood PC, Sweetnam PM. Aspirin and secondary mortality after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1980; 62: Suppl V: V-53—V-58.
51. Breddin K, Loew D, Lechner K, Oberla K, Walter E. The German-Austrian Aspirin Trial: a comparison of acetylsalicylic acid, placebo and phenprocoumon in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1980; 62: Suppl V: V-63—V-72.
52. The Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study Research Group. The Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study: final results. Circulation 1980; 62: Suppl V: V-79—V-84.
53. The Persantine-Aspirin Reinfarction Study Research Group. Persantine and aspirin in coronary heart disease. Circulation 1980; 62: 449–61.
54. Klimt CR, Knatterud GL, Stamler J, Meier P. Persantine-Aspirin Reinfarction Study. II. Secondary coronary prevention with persantine and aspirin. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 7: 251–69.
55. Aspirin after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1980; 1: 1172–3.
56. Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration. Secondary prevention of vascular disease by prolonged antiplatelet treatment. BMJ 1988; 296: 320–31.
57. Ishikawa K, Kanamasa K, Ogawa I, et al. Aspirin 50 mg per day with either dipyridamole or ticlopidine significantly reduced recurrent myocardial infarction. Circulation 1991; 84: Suppl II: II-367. abstract.
58. DeWood MA, Spores J, Notske R, et al. Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 897–902.
59. Fitzgerald DJ, Catella F, Roy L, FitzGerald GA. Marked platelet activation in vivo after intravenous streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1988; 77: 142–50.
60. ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17 187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet 1988; 2: 349–60.
61. Faxon DP, Weber VJ, Haudenschild C, Gottsman SB, McGovern WA, Ryan TJ. Acute effects of transluminal angioplasty in three experimental models of atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis 1982; 2: 125–33.
62. Block PC, Myler RK, Stertzer S, Fallon JT. Morphology after transluminal angioplasty in human beings. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 382–5.
63. Steele PM, Chesebro JH, Stanson AW, et al. Balloon angioplasty: natural history of the pathophysiological response to injury in a pig model. Circ Res 1985; 57: 105–12.
64. Lam JYT, Chesebro JH, Steele PM, Badimon L, Fuster V. Is vasospasm related to platelet deposition? Relationship in a porcine preparation of arterial injury in vivo. Circulation 1987; 75: 243–8.
65. Schwartz L, Bourassa MG, Lespérance J, et al. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of re-Stenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1714–9.
66. White CW, Chaitman B, Ticlopidine Study Group. Antiplatelet agents are effective in reducing the immediate complications of PTCA: results from the Ticlopidine Multicenter Trial. Circulation 1987; 76: Suppl IV: IV-400. abstract.
67. Barnathan ES, Schwartz JS, Taylor L, et al. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of acute coronary thrombosis complicating coronary angioplasty. Circulation 1987; 76: 125–34.
68. McBride W, Lange RA, Hillis LD. re-Stenosis after successful coronary angioplasty: pathophysiology and prevention. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1734–7.
69. Lytle BW, Loop FD, Cosgrove DM, Ratliff NB, Easley K, Taylor PC. Long-term (5 to 12 years) serial studies of internal mammary artery and saphenous vein coronary bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985; 89: 248–58.
70. Spray TL, Roberts WC. Changes in saphenous veins used as aortocoronary bypass grafts. Am Heart J 1977; 94: 500–16.
71. Pantely GA, Goodnight SH Jr, Rahimtoola SH, et al. Failure of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy to improve patency of grafts after coronary-artery bypass: a controlled, randomized study. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 962–6.
72. McEnany MT, Salzman EW, Mundth ED, et al. The effect of antithrombotic therapy on patency rates of saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1982; 83: 81–9.
73. Sharma GVRK, Khuri SF, Josa M, Folland ED, Parisi AF. The effect of antiplatelet therapy on saphenous vein coronary artery bypass graft patency. Circulation 1983; 68: Suppl II: II-218—II-222.
74. Mayer JE Jr, Lindsay WG, Castaneda W, Nicoloff DM. Influence of aspirin and dipyridamole on patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. Ann Thorac Surg 1981; 31: 204–10.
75. Chesebro JH, Clements IP, Fuster V, et al. A platelet-inhibitor-drug trial in coronary-artery bypass operations: benefit of perioperative dipyridamole and aspirin therapy on early postoperative vein-graft patency. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 73–8.
76. Brown BG, Cukingnan RA, DeRouen T, et al. Improved graft patency in patients treated with platelet-inhibiting therapy after coronary bypass surgery. Circulation 1985; 72: 138–46.
77. Lorenz RL, Schacky CV, Weber M, et al. Improved aortocoronary bypass patency by low-dose aspirin (100 mg daily): effects on platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. Lancet 1984; 1: 1261–4.
78. Rajah SM, Salter MCP, Donaldson DR, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole improve the early patency of aorta-coronary bypass grafts: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985; 90: 373–7.
79. Goldman S, Copeland J, Moritz T, et al. Improvement in early saphenous vein graft patency after coronary artery bypass surgery with antiplatelet therapy: results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. Circulation 1988; 77: 1324–32.
80. Chesebro JH, Fuster V, Elveback LR, et al. Effect of dipyridamole and aspirin on late vein-graft patency after coronary bypass operations. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 209–14.
81. Goldman S, Copeland J, Moritz T, et al. Saphenous vein graft patency 1 year after coronary artery bypass surgery and effects of antiplatelet therapy: results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. Circulation 1989; 80: 1190–7.
82. Miller KP, Frishman WH. Platelets and antiplatelet therapy in ischemic heart disease. Med Clin North Am 1988; 72: 117–84.
83. FitzGerald GA. Dipyridamole. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 1247–57.
84. Violi F, Scrutinio D, Cimminiello C, et al. S.T.A.I. (Study of Ticlopidine in Unstable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol 1989; 13: Suppl: 238A. abstract.
85. Limet R, David JL, Magotteaux P, Larock MP, Rigo P. Prevention of aorta-coronary bypass graft occlusion: beneficial effect of ticlopidine on early and late patency rates of venous coronary bypass grafts: a double-blind study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 94: 773–83.
86. UK-TIA Study Group. United Kingdom transient ischaemic attack (UK-TIA) aspirin trial: interim results. BMJ 1988; 296: 316–20.