A Model for Predicting Damage in Graphite/Epoxy Laminated Composites Resulting from Low-Velocity Point Impact

Journal of Composite Materials

Volumn 26, Issue 14, 1992, Pages 2134-2169

  Choi, Hyung Yun ^a   Chang, fu Kuo ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EPOXY RESINS; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; GRAPHITE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; STRESSES;

COMPOSITE MODEL; FINITE ELEMENT STRESS ANALYSIS; GRAPHITE/EPOXY LAMINATED COMPOSITES; HERTZ CONTACT THEORY; IMPACT-INDUCED DELAMINATION CRITERION; LOW-VELOCITY FOREIGN OBJECT; POINT-NOSE IMPACTOR;

LAMINATED COMPOSITES;

EID: 0026998703     PISSN: 00219983     EISSN: 1530793X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002199839202601408     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Guynn, E.G. and T.K. O'Brien 1985 “The Influence of Lay-Up and Thickness on Composite Impact Damage and Compression Strength,” Proceedings of AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS, 26th SDM Conference, Orlando, FL, pp. 187-196
2. Elber, W. 1983. “Failure Mechanics in Low-Velocity Impacts on Thin Composite Plates,” NASA Technical Paper TP 2152 NASA-Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
3. Joshi, S.P. and C.T. Sun 1986 “Impact-Induced Fracture m Quasi-Isotropic Laminate,” J. Composite Technology and Research, 19: 40-46
4. Cantwell, W.J. and J. Morton. 1989. “Geometrical Effects m the Low Velocity Impact Response of CFRP,” Composite Structures, 12. 39-59.
5. Sjoblom, P.O., J.T. Hartness and T.M. Cordell 1988 On Low-Velocity Impact Testing of Composite Materials J. Computers and Structures, 22: 30-52.
6. Greszczuk, L.B. 1973. “Foreign Objects Damage to Composites,” ASTM STP 568
7. Chamis, C.C. and J.H. Sinclair. 1983. “Impact Resistance of Fiber Composites Energy-Absorbing Mechanisms and Environmental Effects” Recent Advances m Composites in the United States and Japan, ASTM STP 864, Vinson and Taya, eds., pp 326-345.
8. Chamis, C.C., M.P. Hanson and T.T. Serafini. 1971. “Designing for Impact Resistance with Unidirectional Fiber Composites,” NASA TND-6463, National Aeronautical and Space Administration, Washington, D.C.
9. Wu, H.T. and G.S. Springer. 1988. “Measurements of Matrix Cracking and Delamination Caused by Impact on Composite Plates,” J. of Composite Materials, 22: 518-532.
10. Wu, H.T. and G.S. Springer. 1988. “Impact Induced Stresses, Strains and Delaminations in Composite Plates,” J. of Composite Materials, 22: 533-560.
11. Gosse, J.H. and P.B.Y. Mori. 1988. “Impact Damage Characterization of Graphite/Epoxy Laminates,” Proceedings of the Third Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, Seattle, WA, pp. 334-353.
12. Joshi, S.P. 1988. “Impact-Induced Damage Initiation Analysis. An Experimental Study,” Proceedings of the Third Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, Seattle, WA, pp. 325-333.
13. Sun, C.T. and S. Rechak. 1988. “Effect of Adhesive Layers on Impact Damage in Composite Laminates,” Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Eighth Conf.), ASTM STP 972, J.D. Whitcomb, ed., Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 97-123.
14. Clark, G. 1988. “Modelling of Impact Damage in Composite Laminate,” Composites, 20: 209-214.
15. Reed, P.E. and S. Turner. 1988. “Flexed Plate Impact, Part 7. Low Energy and Excess Energy Impacts on Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites,” Composites, 19: 193-203.
16. Liu, D. and L.E. Malvern. 1987. “Matrix Cracking in Impacted Glass/Epoxy Plates,” J. Computers and Structures, 21: 594-609.
17. Gu, Z.L. and C.T. Sun. 1987. “Prediction of Impact Damage Region in SMC Composites,” Composite Structures, 7: 179-190.
18. Chen, J.K. and C.T. Sun. 1985. “Analysis of Impact Response of Buckled Composite Laminates,” Composite Structures, 3: 97-118.
19. Chen, J.K. and C.T. Sun. 1985. “On the Impact of Initially Stressed Composite Laminates,” J. of Composite Materials, 19(November):490-504.
20. Stori, A.A. and E. Magnus. 1983. “An Evaluation of the Impact Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites with Various Matrix Materials,” J. of Composite Structures, 2. 332-348.
21. Malvern, L.E., R.L. Sierakowski, L.A. Ross and N. Cristescu 1978. “Impact Failure Mechanisms in Fiber-Reinforced Composite Plates,” High Velocity Deformation of Solids, Kawata and Shiori, eds., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 120-130.
22. Jones, S., J. Paul, T.E. Tay and J.F. Williams. 1988. Assessment of the Effect of Impact Damage in Composites: Some Problems and Answers Composite Structures, 10: 51-73.
23. Poe, C.C., Jr. 1988. Simulated Impact Damage in a Thick Graphite/Epoxy Laminate Using Spherical Indenters: NASA TM-100539.
24. Sun, C.T. and J.E. Grady. 1988. “Dynamic Delamination Fracture Toughness of a Graphite/Epoxy Laminate Under Impact,” Composite Science and Technology, 31: 55-72.
25. Sun, C.T. and S.H. Yang. 1980. Contact Law and Impact Responses of Laminated Composites: NASA CR-159884, National Aeronautical and Space Administration, Washington, D.C.
26. Tan, T.M. and C.T. Sun. 1985. “Use of Statical Indentation Laws in the Impact Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates” J. of Applied Mechanics, 52(March):6-12.
27. Kubo, J.T. and R.B. Nelson. 1975. “Analysis of Impact Stresses in Composite Plates,” Special Technical Publication 568, Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 228-244.
28. Wu, H.T. and F.K. Chang. 1989. “Transient Dynamic Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates Subjected to Transverse Impact,” J. of Computers and Structures, 31: 453-466.
29. Ross, C.A., L.E. Malvern, R.L. Sierakowski and N. Taketa. 1985. “Finite-Element Analysis of Interlaminar Shear Stress Due to Local Impact,” Recent Advances in Comp. in the United States and Japan, ASTM STP 864, J.P. Vinson and M. Taya, eds., Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 335-367.
30. Aggour, H. and C.T. Sun. 1988. “Finite Element Analysis of a Laminated Composite Plate Subjected to Circularly Distributed Central Impact Loading,” J. Computers and Structures, 28: 729-736.
31. Kim, B.S. and F.C. Moon. 1977. “Transient Wave Propagation in Composite Plates Due to Impact,” Proceedings of the AIAA/ASME 18th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Vol. B, San Diego, CA, pp. 43-50.
32. Ross, C.A., L.E. Malvern, R.L. Sierakowski and N. Takeda. 1983. “Finite-Element Analysis of Interlaminar Shear Stress Due to Local Impact,” Recent Advances in Composites in the United States and Japan, ASTM STP 864, Vinson and Taya, eds., pp. 355-367.
33. Lal, K.M. 1983. “Low Velocity Transverse Impact Behavior of 8-Ply Graphite-Epoxy Laminates,” J. of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2(October):216-225.
34. Sun, C.T. and S. Chattopadhyay. 1975. “Dynamic Response of Anisotropic Laminated Plates under Initial Stress to Impact of a Mass,” J. of Applied Mechanics, 42: 693-698.
35. Choi, H.Y., R.J. Downs and F.K. Chang. 1991. “A New Approach toward Understanding Damage Mechanisms and Mechanics of Laminated Composites Due to Low-Velocity Impact, Part I-Experiments,” J. of Composite Materials, 25(August):992-1011.
36. Choi, H.T., H.Y.T. Wu and F.K. Chang. 1991. “A New Approach toward Understanding Damage Mechanisms and Mechanics of Laminated Composites Due to Low-Velocity Impact, Part II-Analysis,” J. of Composite Materials, 25(August):1012-1038.
37. Choi, H.Y., H.S. Wang and F.K. Chang. 1992. “Effect of Laminate Configuration and Impactor's Mass on the Initial Impact Damage of Composite Plates Due to Line-Loading Impact,” J. of Composite Materials, 26(6):804-827.
38. Chang, F.K., H.Y. Choi and H.S. Wang. 1990. “Damage of Laminated Composites Due to Low Velocity Impact,” 31st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials (SDM) Conference, April 2-4, Long Beach, CA
39. Zienkiewicz, O.C. 1977. The Finite Element Method, 3rd Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
40. Hertz, O. 1982. “Ueber die Beruhrung fester elastischer Korper,” J. fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik., 92: 156-171.
41. Chang, F.K. and L.B. Lessard. 1991. “Damage Tolerance of Laminated Composites Containing an Open Hole and Subjected to Compressive Loading: Part I-Analysis,” J. of Composite Materials, 25: 2-43.
42. Chang, F.K. and M. Chen. 1987. “The In Situ Ply Shear Strength Distributions in Graphite/Epoxy Laminated Composites,” J. of Composite Materials, 21: 708-732.
43. Freeman, S.M. 1982. “Characterization of Lamina and Interlaminar Damage in Graphite/Epoxy Composites by the Deply Technique,” Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Sixth Conference), ASTM STP 787, I.M. Daniel, ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 50-62.
44. Williams, J.G. 1988. “On the Calculations of Energy Release Rates for Cracked Laminates,” International J. of Fracture, 36: 101-119.
45. Sun, C.T. and M.G. Manoharan. 1989. “Growth of Delamination Cracks Due to Bending in a [905/05/905] Laminate,” Composite Science and Technology, 34: 365-377.
46. Liu, S., Z. Kutlu and F.K. Chang. (To appear.) “Matrix Cracking and Delamination Propagation in Laminated Composites Subjected to Quasi-Static Transversely Concentrated Loading,” J. of Composite Materials.
47. Cook, N.H. and E. Rabinowich. 1963. Physical Measurement and Analysis. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
48. Kara, K. 1939. “Platten Unter Seitlichen Stoss,” Ingenieur Archiv 10, pp. 237-250.