Intracellular Actions of Vitamin A

International Review of Cytology

Volumn 135, Issue C, 1992, Pages 1-38

  Morré, Dorothy M ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

RETINOID; RETINOL;

ANIMAL CELL; CELL METABOLISM; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0026755471     PISSN: 00747696     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62037-9     Document Type: Article

References (269)

1. Adamo, S., De Luca, L.M., Silverman-Jones, C., Yuspa, S.H., J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979), 3279–3287.
2. Adamo, S., De Luca, L.M., Akalovsky, I., Bhat, P.V., JNCI, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 62 (1979), 1473–1478.
3. Amatruda, T.T. III, Koeffler, H.P., Sherman, M.I., (eds.) “Retinoids and Cell Differentiation”, 1986, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 79.
4. Basset, B.E., Packer, L., J. Cell Biol. 27 (1965), 448–450.
5. Batova, A., Pirisi, L., Creek, K.E., Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 31, 1990, A1990.
6. Bélanger, L.F., Clark, I., Anat. Rec. 158 (1967), 443–452.
7. Benbrook, D., Lernhardt, E., Pfahl, M., Nature (London) 333 (1988), 669–671.
8. Bentley, D.L., Groudine, M., Nature (London) 321 (1986), 702–706.
9. Bertram, J.S., Cancer Res. 40 (1980), 3141–3146.
10. Bhat, M.K., Cama, H.R., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 587 (1979), 275–281.
11. Blaner, W.S., Das, K., Mertz, J.R., Das, S.R., Goodman, D.S., J. Lipid Res. 27 (1986), 1084–1088.
12. Blomhoff, R., Rasmussen, M., Nilsson, A., Norum, K.R., Berg, T., Blaner, W.S., Kato, M., Mertz, J.R., Goodman, D.S., Eriksson, U., Peterson, P.A., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 13560–13565.
13. Blomhoff, R., Norum, K.R., Berg, T., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1988), 13571–13575.
14. Blomhoff, R., Green, M.H., Berg, T., Norum, K.R., Science 250 (1990), 399–404.
15. Bourne, H.R., Cell (Cambridge, Mass.) 53 (1988), 669–671.
16. Boutwell, R.K., Verma, A.K., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 359 (1981), 275–280.
17. Brand, N., Petkovich, M., Krust, A., Chambon, P., de Thé, H., Marchio, A., Tiollais, P., Dejean, A., Nature (London) 332 (1988), 850–853.
18. Breitman, T.R., Selonick, S.E., Collins, S.J., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 (1980), 2936–2940.
19. Brockes, J.P., Neuron 2 (1989), 1285–1294.
20. Brown, R., Gray, R.H., Bernstein, I.A., Differentiation (Berlin) 28 (1985), 268–278.
21. Büchsel, R., Reutter, W., Cancer Res. 42 (1982), 2450–2456.
22. Busa, W.B., Nuccitelli, R., Am. J. Physiol. 246 (1984), 409–438.
23. Chapman, A., Fujimoto, K., Kornfeld, S., J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980), 4441–4446.
24. Chen, C.C., Heller, J., J. Biol. Chem. 252 (1977), 5212–5221.
25. Chertow, B.S., Buschmann, R.J., Henderson, W.J., Lab. Invest. 32 (1975), 190–200.
26. Chertow, B.S., Buschmann, R.J., Kaplan, R.L., Diabetes 28 (1979), 754–761.
27. Chertow, B.S., Blaner, W.S., Baranetsky, N.G., Sivitz, W.I., Cordle, M.B., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (1987), 2488–2492.
28. Chertow, B.S., Moore, M.R., Blaner, W.S., Wilford, M.R., Cordle, M.B., Diabetes 38 (1989), 1544–1548.
29. Chopra, D.P., Klinger, M.M., Sullivan, J.K., J. Cell Sci. 93 (1989), 133–142.
30. Chytil, F., Ong, D.E., Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 38 (1979), 2510–2514.
31. Chytil, F., Ong, D.E., Adv. Nutr. Res. 5 (1983), 13–29.
32. Chytil, F., Ong, D.E., Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.B., Goodman, D.S., (eds.) “The Retinoids”, 2, 1984, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida, 89–123.
33. Chytil, F., Ong, D.E., Annu. Rev. Nutr. 7 (1987), 321–335.
34. Clark, I., Bassett, C.A.L., J. Exp. Med. 115 (1962), 147–156.
35. Clark, I., Smith, H.R., J. Biol. Chem. 239 (1964), 1266–1271.
36. Cooper, R.B., Noy, N., Zakim, D., Biochemistry 26 (1987), 5890–5896.
37. Covant, H.A., Hardy, M.H., J. Exp. Zool. 246 (1988), 139–149.
38. Covant, H.A., Hardy, M.H., J. Exp. Zool. 253 (1990), 271–279.
39. Crane, F.L., Sun, I., Clark, M.G., Grebing, G., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 811 (1985), 233–264.
40. Crane, F.L., Sun, I.L., Löw, H., Crane, F.L., Morré, D.J., Löw, H., (eds.) “Oxidoreduction at the Plasma Membrane: Relation to Growth and Transport”, 1, 1990, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 101–125.
41. Creek, K.E., Rimoldi, D., Clifford, A.J., Silverman-Jones, C.S., De Luca, L.M., J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986), 3490–3500.
42. Creek, K.E., Shankar, S., De Luca, L.M., Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 254 (1987), 482–490.
43. Creek, K.E., Silverman-Jones, C.S., De Luca, L.M., J. Invest. Dermatol. 92 (1989), 283–289.
44. Crow, J.A., Ong, D.E., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (1985), 4707–4711.
45. Croze, E.M., Morré, D.J., J. Cell. Physiol. 114 (1984), 46–57.
46. Cummings, R.D., Mattox, S.A., J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988), 511–519.
47. Daniels, C., Noy, N., Zakim, D., Biochemistry 24 (1985), 3286–3292.
48. Davies, P.J.A., Murtaugh, M.P., Moore, W.T., Johnson, G.S., Lucas, D., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 5166–5174.
49. de Duve, C., Wattiaux, R., Wibo, M., Biochem. Pharmacol. 9 (1962), 97–116.
50. De Luca, L.M., Yuspa, S.H., Exp. Cell Res. 86 (1974), 106–110.
51. De Luca, L.M., Schumacher, M., Wolf, G., J. Biol. Chem. 17 (1970), 4551–4558.
52. De Luca, L.M., Schumacher, M., Nelson, D.P., J. Biol. Chem. 246 (1971), 5762–5765.
53. De Luca, L.M., Silverman-Jones, C.S., Barr, R.M., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 409 (1975), 342–359.
54. De Luca, L.M., Brugh, M.S., Silverman-Jones, C.S., Shidoji, Y., Biochem. J. 208 (1982), 159–170.
55. De Luca, L.M., Silverman-Jones, C.S., Rimoldi, D., Creek, K.E., Warren, C.D., Chem. Scr. 27 (1987), 193–198.
56. Demmer, L.A., Birkenmeier, E.H., Sweetser, D.A., Levin, M.S., Zollman, S., Sparkes, R.S., Mohandas, T., Lusis, A.J., Gordon, J.I., J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987), 2458–2467.
57. Dhouailly, D., Hardy, M.H., Wilhelm Roux Arch. Dev. Biol. 185 (1978), 195–200.
58. Dhouailly, D., Hardy, M.H., Sengel, P., J. Morphol. 58 (1980), 63–78.
59. DiGiovanna, J.J., Helfgott, R.K., Gerber, L.H., Peck, G.L., N. Engl. J. Med. 315 (1986), 1177–1182.
60. Dingle, J.T., Biochem. J. 79 (1961), 509–512.
61. Dingle, J.T., Lucy, J.A., Biochem. J. 84 (1962), 611–621.
62. Dingle, J.T., Lucy, J.A., Fell, H.B., Biochem. J. 79 (1961), 497–500.
63. Dingle, J.T., Sharman, I.M., Moore, T., Biochem. J. 98 (1966), 476–484.
64. Dion, L.D., De Luca, L.M., Colburn, N.H., Carcinogenesis (London) 2 (1981), 951–958.
65. DiSimone, D.P., Reddi, A.H., J. Cell Biol., 91, 1981, 147a.
66. Dogra, S.C., Khanduja, K.L., Gupta, M.P., Sharma, R.R., Acta Vitaminol. Enzymol. 5 (1983), 47–52.
67. Douer, D., Koeffler, H.P., J. Clin. Invest. 69 (1982), 277–283.
68. Eckert, R.L., Green, H., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81 (1984), 4321–4325.
69. Edmondson, S.W., Wu, R., Mossman, B.T., J. Cell. Physiol. 142 (1990), 21–30.
70. Eichele, G., Trends Genet. 5 (1989), 246–251.
71. Eriksson, U., Sundelin, J., Rask, L., Peterson, P.A., FEBS Lett. 135 (1981), 70–72.
72. Evans, R.M., Science 240 (1988), 889–895.
73. Evers, D.C., Anderson, J.N., Morré, D.J., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 35 (1984), 81–89.
74. Farrington, K., Miller, P., Varghese, Z., Baillod, R.A., Moorehead, J.F., Br. Med. J. 282 (1981), 1999–2002.
75. Fell, H.B., Mellanby, E., J. Physiol. (London) 116 (1952), 320–349.
76. Fex, G., Johannesson, G., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 901 (1987), 255–264.
77. Fex, G., Johannesson, G., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 944 (1988), 249–255.
78. Finlay, J.A., Strom, M., Ong, D.E., DeLuca, H.F., Biochemistry 29 (1990), 4914–4921.
79. Forsum, U., Rask, L., Tjernlund, U.M., Peterson, P.A., Arch. Dermatol. Res. 258 (1977), 85–88.
80. Frame, B., Jackson, C., Reynolds, W., Umphrey, J., Ann. Intern. Med. 80 (1974), 44–48.
81. Fuchs, E., Green, H., Cell (Cambridge, Mass.) 19 (1980), 1033–1042.
82. Fuchs, E., Green, H., Cell (Cambridge, Mass.) 25 (1981), 617–625.
83. Fugate, R.D., Song, P.S., Biochim. Biophys Acta 625 (1980), 28–42.
84. Fugler, L., Clejan, S., Bittman, R., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 4098–4102.
85. Fujimaki, Y.J., Cancer Res. 10 (1926), 469–477.
86. Futterman, S., Heller, J., J. Biol. Chem. 247 (1972), 5168–5172.
87. Futterman, S., Saari, J.C., Blair, S.J., J. Biol. Chem. 252 (1977), 3267–3271.
88. Ganguly, J., Rao, M.R.S., Murthy, S.K., Sarada, K., Vitam. Horm. (N.Y.) 38 (1980), 1–54.
89. Geelen, J.A.G., CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 6 (1979), 351–375.
90. Giguere, V., Ong, E.S., Segui, P., Evans, R.M., Nature (London) 330 (1987), 624–629.
91. Gilflx, B.M., Eckert, R.L., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 14026–14029.
92. Glass, C.K., Lipkin, S.M., Devary, O.V., Rosenfeld, M.G., Cell (Cambridge, Mass.) 59 (1989), 697–708.
93. Glauert, A.M., Daniel, M., Lucy, J.A., Dingle, J.T., J. Cell Biol. 17 (1963), 111–121.
94. Godovac-Zimmermann, J., Conti, A., Liberatori, J., Braunitzer, G., Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 366 (1985), 431–434.
95. Golub, E.S., Pagan, T., Sun, I., Crane, F.L., Crane, F.L., Morré, D.J., Löw, H., (eds.) “Plasma Membrane Oxidoreductases in Control of Animal and Plant Growth”, 1988, Plenum, New York, 313–321.
96. Goodman, D.S., Vitam. Horm. (N.Y.) 32 (1974), 167–180.
97. Goodman, D.S., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 359 (1980), 69–78.
98. Goodman, D.S., Harvey Lect. 81 (1986), 111–132.
99. Goodman, D.S., Blaner, W.S., Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.B., Goodman, D.S., (eds.) “The Retinoids”, 2, 1984, Academic Press, Orlanda, Florida, 1–39.
100. Gorgacz, E.J., Nielsen, S.W., Frier, H.I., Eaton, H.D., Rousseau, J.E. Jr., Am. J. Vet. Res. 36 (1975), 171–180.
101. Green, H., Watt, F.M., Mol. Cell. Biol. 2 (1982), 1114–1117.
102. Haars, L.J., Pitot, H.C., J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979), 9401–9407.
103. Hamilton, J.A., Cristola, D.P., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (1986), 82–86.
104. Hardy, M.H., Bellows, C.G., J. Invest. Dermatol. 71 (1978), 236–241.
105. Harrison, E.H., Gad, M., J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989), 17142–17147.
106. Harrison, E.H., Smith, J.E., Goodman, D.S., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 628 (1980), 489–497.
107. Hashimoto, Y., Kagechika, H., Kawachi, E., Shudo, K., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 35 (1987), 3190–3194.
108. Hassell, J.R., Silverman-Jones, C.S., De Luca, L.M., J. Biol. Chem. 253 (1978), 1627–1631.
109. Hayes, K.C., Combs, H.L., Faherty, T.B., Lab. Invest. 11 (1970), 81–89.
110. Heller, J.J., J. Biol. Chem. 250 (1975), 3613–3619.
111. Hemmi, H., Breitman, T.R., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 109 (1982), 669–674.
112. Hodam, J.R., St. Hilaire, P., Creek, K.E., Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 31, 1990, A1967.
113. Hudson, L.G., Santon, J.B., Glass, C.K., Gill, G.N., Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 31, 1990, A2095.
114. Jetten, A.M., Nature (London) 284 (1980), 626–629.
115. Jetten, A.M., Guroff, G., (eds.) “Growth and Maturation Factors”, 3, 1985, Wiley (Interscience), New York, 221.
116. Jetten, A.M., Dermatologica 175:Suppl. 1 (1987), 37–44.
117. Jetten, A.M., De Luca, L.M., Carcinogenesis (London) 6 (1985), 337–342.
118. Jetten, A.M., Shirley, J.E., J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986), 15097–15101.
119. Jetten, A.M., Jetten, M.E.R., Shapiro, S.S., Poon, J.P., Exp. Cell Res. 119 (1979), 189–199.
120. Jetten, A.M., Fitzgerald, D.J., Nettesheim, P., Migaki, G., (eds.) “Nutritional Diseases in Comparative Pathobiology”, 1986, Alan R. Liss, New York, 33.
121. Jetten, A.M., Anderson, K., Deas, M.A., Kagechita, D.H., Lotan, R., Rearick, J.J., Shudo, K., Cancer Res. 47 (1987), 3523–3527.
122. Kagechika, H., Kawachi, E., Hasimoto, Y., Shudo, K., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 32 (1984), 4209–4212.
123. Kanai, M., Raz, A., Goodman, D.S., J. Clin. Invest. 47 (1968), 2025–2044.
124. Kato, M., Blaner, W.S., Mertz, J.R., Das, K., Kato, K., Goodman, D.S., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 4832–4838.
125. Kawamura, H., Hashimoto, Y., Gann 71 (1980), 501–506.
126. Keiser, H., Weissmann, G., Bernheimer, A.W., J. Cell Biol. 22 (1964), 101–113.
127. Kim, K.C., Rearick, J.I., Nettesheim, P., Jetten, A.M., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 4021–4027.
128. Kiorpes, T.C., Molica, S.J., Wolf, G., J. Nutr. 106 (1976), 1659–1667.
129. Krust, A., Kastner, P., Petkovich, M., Zelent, A., Chambon, P., Proc. Natl. Acat. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (1989), 5310–5314.
130. Ladoux, A., Cragoe, E.J. Jr., Geny, B., Abita, J.P., Frelin, C., J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987), 811–816.
131. Lan, N.C., Karin, M., Nguyen, T., Weiz, A., Birnbaum, M.J., Eberhardt, N.L., Baxter, J.D., J. Steroid Biochem. 20 (1984), 77–88.
132. Ledger, P.W., Reano, A., Bonnefoy, J.Y., Trivolet, J., Br. J. Dermatol. 3 (1984), 38–42.
133. Levin, M.S., Lock, B., Yang, N.-C.C., Li, E., Gordon, J.I., J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988), 17715–17723.
134. Lewis, C.A., Pratt, R.M., Pennypacker, J.P., and Hassell, J.R. (1978). Development (Cambridge, UK), Suppl., p. 31–47.
135. Li, E., Demmer, L.A., Sweetser, D.A., Ong, D.E., Gordon, J.I., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (1986), 5779–5783.
136. Liau, G., Ong, D.E., Chytil, F., J. Cell Biol. 91 (1981), 63–68.
137. Liau, G., Ong, D.E., Chytil, F., Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 237 (1985), 354–360.
138. Libby, P.R., Bertram, J.S., Carcinogenesis (London) 3 (1982), 481–484.
139. Lichiti, F.U., Lucy, T.A., Biochem. J. 112 (1969), 221–230.
140. Lichti, U., Ben, T., Yuspa, S.H., J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985), 1422–1426.
141. Lipkin, G., Knescht, M.E., Rosenberg, M., Science 38 (1978), 635–643.
142. Lotan, R., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 605 (1980), 33–91.
143. Lotan, R., Nicolson, G.L., J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (U.S.) 59 (1977), 1717–1722.
144. Lucy, J.A., Dingle, J.T., Nature (London) 204 (1964), 156–160.
145. Lucy, J.A., Luscombe, M., Dingle, J.T., Biochem. J. 89 (1963), 419–425.
146. MacDonald, P.N., Ong, D.E., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 156 (1988), 157–163.
147. MacDonald, P.N., Ong, D.E., J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988), 12478–12482.
148. Maden, M., Nature (London) 295 (1982), 672–675.
149. Maden, M., J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 77 (1983), 273–295.
150. Maden, M., Ong, D.E., Summerbell, D., and Chytil, F. (1989). Development (Cambridge, UK), Suppl., p. 109–119.
151. Mallia, A.K., Smith, J.E., Goodman, D.S., J. Lipid Res. 16 (1975), 180–188.
152. Manino, R.J., Ballmer, K., Burger, M.M., Science 201 (1978), 824–826.
153. Maraini, G., Gozzoli, F., Invest. Ophthamol. 14 (1975), 785–787.
154. Martin, B.R., Morré, D.M., J. Nutr. 118 (1988), 968–975.
155. McGuire, B.W., Orgebin-Crist, M.C., Chytil, F., Endocrinology (Baltimore) 108 (1981), 658–667.
156. McLean, L.R., Phillips, M.C., Biochemistry 20 (1981), 2893–2900.
157. Mellanby, D., J. Physiol. (London) 105 (1947), 382–399.
158. Mock, D., Main, J.H.P., J. Dent. Res. 58 (1978), 635–637.
159. Moore, T., Sebrell, W.H., Harris, R.S., (eds.) “The Vitamins”, 1967, Academic Press, New York, 245–266.
160. Moore, T., Sharman, I.M., Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 49 (1978), 14–20.
161. Mori, S.J., JAMA, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 79 (1922), 197–200.
162. Morré, D.J., Morré, D.M., Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 11 (1987), 89–93.
163. Morré, D.J., Mollenhauer, H.H., Bracker, C.E., Reinert, J., Ursprung, H., (eds.) “Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation: Origin and Continuity of Cell Organelles”, 2, 1971, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 82–126.
164. Morré, D.J., Creek, K.E., Morré, D.M., Richardson, C.L., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 359 (1981), 367–382.
165. Morré, D.J., Paulik, M., Nowack, D., Protoplasma 132 (1986), 110–113.
166. Morré, D.J., Crane, F.L., Eriksson, L.C., Löw, H., Morré, D.M., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1057 (1991), 140–146.
167. Morré, D.M., Benga, G., Tager, J.M., (eds.) Biomembranes. Basic and Medical Research, 1988, Springer-Verlag, New York, 81–97.
168. Morré, D.M., Morré, D.J., Walter, M., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 25 (1981), 28–35.
169. Morré, D.M., Morré, D.J., Reutter, W., Mollenhauer, H.H., J. Cell Biol., 101, 1985, 60a.
170. Morré, D.M., Morré, D.J., Bowen, S., Reutter, W.W., Windel, K., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 46 (1988), 306–315.
171. Morré D.M., Spring, H., Trendlenburg, M., Montag, M., Mollenhauer, B.A., Mollenhauer, H.H., Morré, D.J. (1991). J. Nutr. (submitted for publication).
172. Muramatsu, H., Muramatsu, T., FEBS Lett. 163 (1983), 181–184.
173. Murray, T., Russell, T.R., J. Supramol. Struct. 14 (1980), 255–266.
174. Nervi, C., Grippo, J.F., Sherman, M.I., George, M.D., Jetten, A.M., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (1989), 5854–5858.
175. Newcomer, M.E., Jones, T.A., Aqvist, J., Sundelin, J., Eriksson, U., Rask, I., Peterson, P.A., EBMO J. 3 (1984), 1451–1454.
176. Niazi, I.A., Saxena, S., Folia Biol. (Krakow) 26 (1978), 3–8.
177. Nishiwaki, S., Kato, M., Okuno, M., Kanai, M., Muto, Y., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1037 (1990), 192–199.
178. Nowack, D.D., Paulik, M., Morré, D.J., Morré, D.M., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1051 (1990), 250–258.
179. Noy, N., Biophys. J., 53, 1988, 7a.
180. Noy, N., Xu, Z.-J., Biochemistry 29 (1990), 3878–3883.
181. Noy, N., Donnelly, T.M., Zakim, D., Biochem. J. 25 (1986), 2013–2021.
182. Nyquist, S., Crane, F.L., Morré, D.J., Science 173 (1971), 939–941.
183. Ogiso, Y., Kitagawa, K., Nishino, H., Iwashima, A., Shudo, K., Exp. Cell Res. 173 (1987), 262–267.
184. Olson, J.A., Semin. Oncol. 10 (1983), 290–293.
185. Ong, D.E., Chytil, F., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73 (1976), 3976–3978.
186. Ong, D.E., Kakkad, B., MacDonald, P.N., J. Biol. Chem. 259 (1984), 1476–1482.
187. Ong, D.E., Kakkad, B., MacDonald, P.N., J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987), 2729–2736.
188. Ong, D.E., MacDonald, P.N., Gubitosi, A.M., J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988), 5789–5796.
189. OttoneUo, S., Maraini, G., Exp. Eye Res. 32 (1981), 69–75.
190. Page, D.L., Ong, D.E., J. Lipid Res. 28 (1987), 739–745.
191. Papiz, M.Z., Sawyer, L., Eliopulos, E.E., North, A.C.T., Findlay, J.B.C., Sivaprasadarao, R., Jones, T.A., Newcomer, M.E., Kraulis, P.J., Nature (London) 324 (1986), 383–385.
192. Pawson, B.A., Ehmann, C.W., Itri, L.M., Sherman, M.I., J. Med. Chem. 25 (1982), 1269–1277.
193. Petkovich, M., Brand, N.J., Krust, A., Chambon, P., Nature (London) 330 (1987), 444–450.
194. Pfeffer, B.A., Clark, V.M., Flannery, J.G., Bok, D., Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 27 (1986), 1031–1040.
195. Pittsley, R.A., Yoder, F.W., N. Engl. J. Med. 308 (1983), 1012–1014.
196. Pokrovsky, A.A., Lasheneva, V.V., Kon, I.Y., Int. J. Nutr. Vitam. Res. 44 (1974), 477–486.
197. Prutkin, L., Cancer Res. 35 (1975), 364–369.
198. Ragavan, V.V., Smith, J.E., Belezikian, J.P., Am. J. Med. Sci. 283 (1982), 161–164.
199. Rajan, N., Blaner, W.S., Soprano, D.R., Suhara, A., Goodman, D.S., J. Lipid Res. 31 (1990), 321–329.
200. Rando, R.R., Bangerter, F.W., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 104 (1982), 430–436.
201. Rask, L., Peterson, P.A., J. Biol. Chem. 251 (1976), 6360–6366.
202. Rask, L., Valtersson, C., Anundi, H., Kvist, S., Eriksson, U., Dallner, G., Peterson, P.A., Exp. Cell Res. 143 (1983), 91–102.
203. Rearick, J.I., Albro, P.W., Jetten, A.M., J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987), 13069–13074.
204. Rimoldi, D., Creek, K.E., De Luca, L.M., Mol. Cell. Biochem. 93 (1990), 129–140.
205. Roberts, A.B., Sporn, M.B., Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.L.B., Goodman, D.S., (eds.) The Retinoids, 2, 1984, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
206. Rosso, G.C., Bendrick, C.J., Wolf, G., J. Biol. Chem. 256 (1981), 8341–8347.
207. Saari, J.C., Bredberg, D.L., J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987), 7618–7622.
208. Saari, J.C., Bredberg, L., Futterman, S., Invest. Ophthamol. 19 (1980), 1301–1308.
209. Saari, J.C., Bredberg, L., Garwin, G.G., J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982), 13329–13333.
210. Said, H.M., Ong, D.E., Shingleton, J.L., Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 49 (1989), 690–694.
211. Sani, B.P., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 75 (1979), 7–12.
212. Sani, B.P., Corbett, T.H., Cancer Res. 37 (1977), 209–213.
213. Sanjecv, P.K., Vasudevan, D.M., Jayanthy-Bay, N., Acta Vitaminol. Enzymol. 4 (1981), 214–218.
214. Sasak, W., De Luca, L.M., Dion, L.D., Silverman-Jones, C.S., Cancer Res. 40 (1980), 1944–1949.
215. Sawyer, L., Papiz, M.Z., North, A.C.T., Eliopoulos, S.E., Biochem. Soc. Trans. 13 (1985), 265–266.
216. Schindler, J., Matthaei, K.I., Sherman, M.I., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (1981), 1077–1080.
217. Shankar, S., Creek, K.E., De Luca, L.M., J. Nutr. 120 (1990), 361–374.
218. Shenefelt, R.E., Teratology 5 (1972), 103–118.
219. Sherman, M.I., Sherman, M.I., (eds.) Retinods and Cell Differentiation, 1986, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 162.
220. Shingleton, J.L., Skinner, M.K., Ong, D.E., Biochemistry 28 (1989), 9641–9647.
221. Siegenthaler, G., Saurat, J.-H., Ponec, M., Exp. Cell Res. 178 (1988), 114–126.
222. Siegenthaler, G., Saurat, J.-H., Ponec, M., Biochem. J. 268 (1990), 371–378.
223. Sivaprasadarao, A., Findlay, J.B.C., Biochem. J. 255 (1988), 571–579.
224. Smith, J.E., Goodman, D.S., N. Engl. J. Med., 294, 1976, 805.
225. Smith, J.E., Goodman, D.S., Fed. Proc, Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 38 (1979), 2504–2509.
226. Smith, J.E., Deen, D.D., Sklan, D., Goodman, D.W., J. Lipid Res. 21 (1980), 229–237.
227. Sporn, M.B., Dunlop, N.M., Ysupa, S.H., Science 182 (1973), 722–723.
228. Sporn, M.B., Dunlop, N.M., Newton, D.L., Smith, J.M., Fed. Proc, Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 35 (1976), 1332–1338.
229. Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.B., Goodman, D.S., “The Retinoids,”, 1 and 2, 1984, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
230. Sporn, M.B., Roberts, A.B., Roche, N.S., Kagechika, H., Shudo, K., J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 15, 1986, 756.
231. Spring, H., Franke, W.W., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 24 (1981), 298–308.
232. Stillwell, W., Byrant, L., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 731 (1983), 483–486.
233. Stillwell, W., Ricketts, M., Hudson, H., Nahmias, S., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 688 (1982), 653–659.
234. Storch, J., Kleinfeld, A.M., Biochemistry 25 (1986), 1717–1726.
235. Strickland, J.E., Jetten, A.M., Kawamura, H., Yuspa, S.H., Carcinogenesis (London) 5 (1984), 735–740.
236. Stubbs, G.W., Saari, J.C., Futterman, S., J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979), 8529–8533.
237. Summerbell, D., J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 78 (1983), 269–289.
238. Sun, I.L., Crane, F.L., Biochem. Int. 9 (1984), 299–306.
239. Sun, I.L., Crane, F.L., Biochem. Pharmacol. 34 (1985), 617–623.
240. Sun, I.L., Crane, F.L., Chou, J.Y., Löw, H., Grebing, G., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 116 (1983), 210–216.
241. Sun, I.L., Crane, F.L., Löw, H., Grebing, C., J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 16 (1984), 209–221.
242. Sun, I.L., Crane, F.L., Grebing, C., Löw, H., Exp. Cell Res. 156 (1985), 528–536.
243. Sun, I.L., Garcia-Canero, R., Liu, W., Toole-Simms, W., Crane, F.L., Morré, D.J., Löw, H., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 145 (1987), 467–473.
244. Takase, S., Ong, D.E., Chytil, F., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76 (1979), 2204–2208.
245. Takigawa, M., Ishida, H., Takano, T., Suzuki, F., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 (1980), 1481–1485.
246. Thaller, C., Eichele, G., Nature (London) 327 (1987), 625–628.
247. Thaller, C., Eichele, G., Nature (London) 345 (1990), 815–819.
248. Thoms, S.D., Stocum, D.L., Dev. Biol. 103 (1984), 319–328.
249. Tickle, C., Alberts, B.M., Walpert, L., Lee, J., Nature (London) 296 (1982), 564–565.
250. Tickle, C., Lee, J., Eichele, G., Dev. Biol. 109 (1985), 72–95.
251. Torma, H., Vahlquist, A., Arch. Dermatol. Res. 275 (1983), 324–328.
252. Vahlquist, A., Torma, H., Rollman, O., Berne, B., Sarat, J.H., (eds.) Retinoids: New Trends in Research and Therapy, 1985, Karger, Basel, 159 167.
253. Verma, A., Rice, H., Shapas, B., Boutwell, R.K., Cancer Res. 38 (1978), 793–801.
254. Verma, A., Shapas, B.G., Rice, H.M., Boutwell, R.K., Cancer Res. 38 (1979), 419–425.
255. Wake, K., Int. Rev. Cytol. 66 (1980), 303–353.
256. Westin, E.H., Wong-Staal, F., Gelman, E.P., Dalla Favera, R., Papas, T., Lautenberg, J.A., Eva, A., Reddy, P.E., Tronick, S.R., Aaronson, S.A., Gallo, R.C., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79 (1982), 2490–2494.
257. Wiggert, B., Russell, P., Lewis, M., Chader, G., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 79 (1977), 218–225.
258. Wolbach, S.B., J. Bone Jt. Surg. 29 (1947), 171–192.
259. Wolbach, S.B., Howe, P.R., J. Exp. Med. 47 (1925), 753–778.
260. Wolf, G., Alfin-Slater, R.B., Krischevsky, D., (eds.) Nutrition and the Adult. Micronutrients, 1980, Plenum, New York, 97.
261. Yaar, M., Stanley, J.R., Katz, S.I., J. Invest. Dermatol. 76 (1981), 363–366.
262. Yen, A., Reece, S.L., Albright, K.L., Exp. Cell Res. 152 (1984), 493–499.
263. Yuspa, S.H., Harris, C.C., Exp. Cell Res. 86 (1974), 95–105.
264. Yuspa, S.H., Lichti, U., Ben, T., Hennings, H., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 359 (1981), 260–274.
265. Yuspa, S.H., Ben, T., Steinert, P., J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982), 9906–9908.
266. Yuspa, S.H., Ben, T., Lichti, U., Cancer Res. 43 (1983), 5707–5712.
267. Zelent, A., Krust, A., Petkovich, M., Kastner, P., Chambon, P., Nature (London) 339 (1989), 714–717.
268. Zhao, J., Morré, D.J., Paulik, M., Yim, J., Morré, D.M., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1055 (1990), 230–233.
269. Ziegel, R.F., Dalton, A.J., J. Cell Biol. 15 (1962), 45–54.