Chaos in Semiconductor Lasers with Optical Feedback: Theory and Experiment

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 1992, Pages 93-108

  Mark, Jesper ^a   Tromborg, Bjarne ^a   Mark, Jannik ^a  

^a TFL Telecom Research Laboratory   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHAOS THEORY;

COHERENCE COLLAPSE; FEEDBACK LASERS; OPTICAL FEEDBACK;

LASERS, SEMICONDUCTOR;

EID: 0026742669     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: 15581713     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3.119502     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. L. Goldberg, H. F. Taylor, A. Dandridge, J. F. Weller, and R. O. Miles, “Spectral characteristics of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-18, pp. 555-564 Apr. 1982.
2. D. Lenstra, B. H. Verbeek, and A. J. den Boef, “Coherence collapse in single-mode semiconductor lasers due to optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-21, pp. 674-679, June 1985.
3. R. W. Tkach and A. R. Chraplyvy, “Regimes of feedback effects in 1.5 μm. distributed feedback lasers,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. LT-4, pp. 1655-1661, Nov. 1986.
4. H. Olesen, J. H. Osmundsen, and B. Tromborg, “Nonlinear dynamics and spectral behavior for an external cavity laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-22, pp. 762-773, June 1986.
5. S. L. Woodward, T. L. Koch, and U. Koren, “The onset of coherence collapse in DBR lasers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 2, pp. 391-394, June 1990.
6. Y. Cho and T. Umeda, “Observation of chaos in a semiconductor laser with delayed feedback,” Opt. Commun., vol. 59, pp. 131-136 Aug. 1986.
7. J. Mark, B. Tromborg, and P. L. Christiansen, “Bistability and low-frequency fluctuations in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback: A theoretical analysis,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 24, pp. 123-133, Feb. 1988.
8. J. Mork and K. Kikuchi, “Low-frequency fluctuations and chaos in a distributed-feedback semiconductor laser with optical feedback,” in Tech. Dig., Conf. Lasers and Electro-Optics, Anaheim, CA, Apr. 1988, paper WM-14, pp. 216-217.
9. G. C. Dente, P. S. Durkin, K. A. Wilson, and C. E. Moeller, “Chaos in the coherence collapse of semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 24, pp. 2441-2447, Dec. 1988.
10. J. Sacher, W. Elsasser, and E. Gobel, “Intermittency in the coherence collapse of a semiconductor laser with external feedback,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 2224-2227, Nov. 1989.
11. B. Tromborg and J. Mork, “Nonlinear injection locking dynamics and the onset of coherence collapse in external cavity lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 642-654, Apr. 1990.
12. “Stability analysis and the route to chaos for laser diodes with optical feedback,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 2, pp. 549-552, Aug. 1990.
13. J. Mork, J. Mark, and B. Tromborg, “Route to chaos and competition between relaxation oscillations for a semiconductor laser with optical feedback,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 65, pp. 1999-2002, Oct. 1990.
14. F. Favre, D. Le Guen, and J. C. Simon, “Optical feedback effects upon laser diode oscillation field spectrum,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-18, pp. 1712-1717, Oct. 1982.
15. R. Wyatt and W. J. Devlin, “10 kHz linewidth 1.5 μm, InGaAsP external cavity laser with 55 nm tuning range,” Electron. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 110-112, Feb. 1983.
16. J. Mark, E. Bodtker, and B. Tromborg, “Measurement of Rayleigh backscatter-induced linewidth reduction,” Electron. Lett., vol. 21, pp. 1008-1009, Oct. 1985.
17. K. Ikeda, H. Daido, and O. Akimoto, “Optical turbulence: Chaotic behavior of transmitted light from a ring cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 45, pp. 709-712, Sept. 1980.
18. M. Le Berre, E. Ressayre, A. Tallet, and H. M. Gibbs, “High-dimension chaotic attractors of a nonlinear ring cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 56, pp. 274-277, Jan. 1986.
19. J. D. Farmer, “Chaotic attractors of an infinite-dimensional dynamical system,” Physica, vol. 4D, pp. 366-393, 1982.
20. J. Mork, P. L. Christiansen, and B. Tromborg, “Limits of stable operation of AR-coated semiconductor lasers with strong optical feedback,” Electron. Lett., vol. 24, pp. 1065-1066, Aug. 1988.
21. R. Lang and K. Kobayashi, “External optical feedback effects on semiconductor injection laser properties,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-16, pp. 347-355, March 1980.
22. K. Petermann, Laser Diode Modulation and Noise. Dordrecht: Klu-wer Academic, 1988.
23. N. Schunk and K. Petermann, “Numerical analysis of the feedback regimes for a single-mode semiconductor laser with external feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 24, pp. 1242-1247, July 1988.
24. J. Mork and B. Tromborg, “The mechanism of mode selection for an external cavity laser,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 2, pp. 21-23, Jan. 1990.
25. R. Ries and F. Sporleder, “Low frequency instabilities of laser diodes with optical feedback,” in Proc., 8th ECOC, Cannes, France, Sept. 1982, pp. 285-290.
26. N. Schunk and K. Petermann, “Measured feedback-induced intensity noise for 1.3 μm. DFB laser diodes,” Electron. Lett., vol. 25, pp. 63-64, Jan. 1989.
27. J. Mork, M. Semkow, and B. Tromborg, “Measurement and theory of mode hopping in external cavity lasers,” Electron. Lett., vol. 26, pp. 609-610, Apr. 1990.
28. D. Lenstra, “Statistical theory of the multistable external-feedback laser,” Opt. Commun., vol. 81, pp. 209-214, Feb. 1991.
29. J. S. Cohen and D. Lenstra, “Spectral properties of the coherence collapsed state of a semiconductor laser with delayed optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 25, pp. 1143-1151, June 1989.
30. J. S. Cohen, F. Wittgrefe, M. D. Hoogerland, and J. P. Woerdman, “Optical spectra of a semiconductor laser with incoherent optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 982-990, June 1990.
31. B. Dorizzi, B. Grammaticos, M. Le Berre, Y. Pomeau, E. Ressayre, and A. Tallet, “Statistics and dimension of chaos in differential delay systems,” Phys. Rev. A, vol. 35, pp. 328-339, Jan. 1987.
32. J. Wang and K. Petermann, “Noise analysis of semiconductor lasers within the coherence collapse regime,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 27, pp. 3-9, Jan. 1991.
33. H. Temkin, N. A. Olsson, J. H. Abeles, R. A. Logan, and M. B. Panish, “Reflection noise in index-guided InGaAsP lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-22, pp. 286-293, Feb. 1986.
34. C. H. Henry, and R. F. Kazarinov, “Instability of semiconductor lasers due to optical feedback from distant reflectors,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-22, pp. 294-301, Feb. 1986.
35. P. Berge, Y. Pomeau, and C. Vidal, Order within Chaos. New York: Wiley, 1984.
36. M. Fujiwara, K. Kubota, and R. Lang, “Low-frequency intensity fluctuation in laser diodes with external optical feedback,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 38, pp. 217-220, Feb. 1981.
37. K. Tatah and E. Garmire, “Low-frequency intensity noise resonance in an external cavity GaAs laser for possible laser characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 25, pp. 1800-1807, Aug. 1989.
38. M. Port and K. J. Ebeling, “Intensity noise dependence on the injection current of laser diodes with optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 449-455, Mar. 1990.
39. J. D. Park, D. S. Seo, and J. G. McInerney, “Self-pulsations in strongly coupled asymmetric external cavity semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 1353-1362, Aug. 1990.
40. J. Sacher, W. Elsasser, and E. Gobel, “Nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor laser emission under variable feedback conditions,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 27, pp. 373-379, Mar. 1991.
41. J. Sacher and W. Elsasser, private communication.
42. T. Mukai and K. Otsuka, “New route to optical chaos: Successive-subharmonic oscillation cascade in a semiconductor laser coupled to an external cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 55, pp. 1711-1714, Oct. 1985.
43. H. G. Winful, Y. C. Chen, and J. M. Liu, “Frequency locking, quasiperiodicity, and chaos in modulated self-pulsing semiconductor lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 616-618, Mar. 1986.
44. D. Baums, W. Elsafler, and E. Gobel, “Farey tree and devil's staircase of a modulated external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Phys. Rev. Lett, vol. 63, pp. 155-158, July 1989.
45. S. Schuster, T. Wicht, and H. Haug, “Theory of the dynamical relaxation oscillations and of frequency locking in a synchronously pumped laser diode,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 27, pp. 205-211, Feb. 1991.
46. G. P. Agrawal and N. K. Dutta, Long-Wavelength Semiconductor Lasers. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1986.
47. B. Tromborg, H. Olesen, X. Pan, and S. Saito, “Transmission line description of optical feedback and injection locking for Fabry-Perot and DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-23, pp. 1875-1889, Nov. 1987.
48. B. Tromborg, J. H. Osmundsen, and H. Olesen, “Stability analysis for a semiconductor laser in an external cavity,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-20, pp. 1023-1032, Sept. 1984.
49. J. Mork, “Nonlinear dynamics and stochastic behavior of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback,” Ph.D. dissertation, Laboratory of Applied Mathematical Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 1988.
50. J. Helms and K. Petermann, “A simple analytical expression for the stable operation range of laser diodes with optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 833-836, May 1990.
51. N. Schunk and K. Petermann, “Stability analysis for laser diodes with short external cavities,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 1, pp. 49-51, Mar. 1989.
52. G. A. Acket, D. Lenstra, A. J. den Boef, and B. H. Verbeek, “The influence of feedback intensity on longitudinal mode properties and optical noise in index-guided semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-20, pp. 1163-1169, Oct. 1984.
53. J. O. Binder and G. D. Cormack, “Mode selection and stability of a semiconductor laser with weak optical feedback,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 25, pp. 2255-2259, Nov. 1989.
54. J. Guckenheimer and P. Holmes, Nonlinear Oscillations, Dynamical Systems, and Bifurcations of Vector Fields. New York; Springer-Verlag, 1983.
55. C. Grebogi, E. Ott, and J. A. Yorke, “Are three-frequency quasi-periodic orbits to be expected in typical nonlinear dynamical systems?” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 51, pp. 339-342, Aug. 1983.
56. J. S. Cohen, R. R. Drenten, and B. H. Verbeek, “The effect of optical feedback on the relaxation oscillation in semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 24, pp. 1989-1995, Oct. 1988.