Metabolic activation of carcinogens

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 54, Issue 1, 1992, Pages 17-61

  Peter Guengerich, F ^a  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALOID; CARCINOGEN; ESTRADIOL; HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON; MYCOTOXIN; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON;

ANIMAL TISSUE; CARCINOGENESIS; CONJUGATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANIMAL; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CARCINOGENS; HUMAN; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.;

EID: 0026661470     PISSN: 01637258     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(92)90050-A     Document Type: Review

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82. Stereoselectivity of styrene oxidation in microsomes and in purified cytochrome P-450 enzymes from rat liver
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84. The stimulation of microsomal azoreduction by flavins
85. 1-specific cytochrome P-450 isozyme (P-450-AFB) inducible by 3-methylcholanthrene in golden hamsters
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88. Sulfotransferase-mediated chlorination of 1-hydroxymethylpyrene to a mutagen capable of penetrating indicator cells
89. Characterization of the common genetic defect in humans deficient in debrisquine metabolism
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98. Oxidation of halogenated compounds by cytochrome P-450, peroxidases, and model metalloporphyrins
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109. Comparison of levels of several human microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes and epoxide hydrolase in normal and disease states using immunochemical analysis of surgical liver samples
110. Activation of vinyl chloride to covalently bound metabolites: roles of 2-chloroethylene oxide and 2-chloroacetaldehyde
111. In vitro activation of 1,2-dichloroethane by microsomal and cytosolic enzymes
112. Roles of 2-haloethylene oxides and 2-haloacetaldehydes derived from vinyl bromide and vinyl chloride in irreversible binding to protein and DNA
113. Role for human cytochrome P-450 IIE1 in the oxidation of several low molecular weight cancer suspects
114. Dynamics of mismatched base pairs in DNA
115. Metabolic oxidation of carcinogenic arylamines by rat, dog, and human hepatic microsomes and by purified flavin-containing P-450 monooxygenase
116. Chemical synthesis and cytotoxic properties of N-alkylcarbamic acid thioesters, metabolites of hepatoxic foramides
117. Molecular epidemiology: overview of biochemical and molecular basis
118. Preparation of oligodeoxynucleotides bearing adducts of PAH diol epoxides at the N6 position of adenine
119. Activated metabolites of carcinogenic hydrocarbons
120. 2 and C
121. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, an important group of carcinogens in tobacco and tobacco smoke
122. Formaldehyde toxicity—new understanding
123. 2 biosynthesis
124. Chemical carcinogenesis
125. Acetylator genotype and arylamine-induced carcinogenesis
126. p53 Mutations in human cancers
127. Mutational hot spot in the p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinomas
128. Specificity in the activation and inhibition by flavonoids of benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylation by cytochrome P-450 isozymes from rabbit liver microsomes
129. Inhibitory effect of 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene on the mutagenicity and tumorigenicity of (±)-7β,8α-dihydroxy-9α,10α-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene
130. Comparison of the DNA alkylating properties and mutagenic responses caused by a series of S-(2-haloethyl)-substituted cysteine and glutathione derivatives
131. 7-guanyl adducts derived from 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
132. Mechanistic studies of the alkylation of guanosine by activated arylamines: reaction of 8-methylguanosine with N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene
133. Activation and pulmonary toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids
134. Polymorphisms of oxidation at carbon centers of drugs and their clinical significance
135. Acetylation phenotype in colorectal carcinoma
136. Mechanism of the microsomal demethylation of 1-aryl-3,3-dimethyltriazenes
137. Glutathione-mediated binding of dibromoalkanes to DNA: specificity of rat glutathione S-transferases and dibromoalkane structure
138. 7-guanyl)ethyl]glutathione
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141. Microsomal reduction of the carcinogen chromate produces chromium(V)
142. Evidence for the generation of hydroxyl radicals from a chromium(V) intermediate isolated from the reaction of chromate with glutathione
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147. The role of cytochrome P-450 in the metabolism of chemical carcinogens
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150. Determination of carcinogenic arylamine N-oxidation phenotype in humans by analysis of caffeine urinary metabolites
151. Frequency of urination and its effects on metabolism, pharmacokinetics, blood hemoglobin adduct formation, and liver and urinary bladder DNA adduct levels in beagle dogs given the carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl
152. Polymorphisms for aromatic amine metabolism in humans: relevance for human carcinogenesis
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154. The metabolic activation of nitroheterocyclic therapeutic agents
155. Mechanism of reductive activation of a 5-nitroimidazole by flavoproteins: model studies with dithionite
156. Covalent interaction of 5-nitroimidazoles with DNA and protein in vitro: mechanism of reductive activation
157. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and bronchogenic carcinoma
158. Mechanism of protection against aflatoxin tumorigenicity in rats fed 5-(2-pyrazinyl)-40-methyl-1,2,-dithiol-3-thione (oltipraz) and related ' 1,2-dithol-3-thiones and 1,2-dithiol-3-ones
159. Mutagenic activity of various chemicals in Salmonella strain TA 100 and glutathione-deficient derivatives: on the role of glutathione in the detoxification or activation of mutagens inside bacterial cells
160. Oxidation of aminophenols by 4α-hydroperoxy-5-ethyl-lumiflavin anion. Flavoenzyme hydroxylase mechanism
161. 7-guanyl)ethyl)-N-acetyl-cystein in urine following administration of ethylene dibromide to rats
162. 7-guanyl)ethyl)glutathione from ethylene dibromide: effects of modulation of glutathione S-transferase levels and the lack of a role for sulfation
163. 1-adenyl)ethyl)-glutathione formed in DNA and RNA from 1,2-dibromoethane
164. Myeloperoxidase: occurrence and biological function
165. On the mechanism of the peroxidase-catalyzed oxygen-transfer reaction
166. 7-Guanyl)ethyl)glutathione, the major DNA adduct formed from 1,2-dibromoethane
167. 4-(guanosin-7-yl)-4-aminoquinoline 1-oxide, a novel nucleic acid adduct of carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide
168. Triazenes
169. Positive correlation between high aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and primary lung cancer as analyzed in cryopreserved lymphocytes
170. Evidence for several demethylase enzymes in the oxidation of dimethylnitrosamine and phenylmethylnitrosamine by rat liver fractions
171. Metabolism of dihalomethanes to carbon monoxide-III
172. 13C NMR study of N-methyl-N-nitrosoaniline and its ring-substituted derivatives
173. N-Sulfoxy-2-aminofluorene is the major ultimate electrophilic and carcinogenic metabolite of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene in the livers of infant male C57BL/6J × C3H/HeJ F1 (B6C3F1) mice
174. DNA alkylation by vinyl chloride metabolites: etheno derivatives or 7-alkylation of guanine?
175. The rat liver foci bioassay. I. Age-dependence of induction by vinyl chloride of ATPase-deficient foci
176. Metabolism and disposition of benzidine in the dog
177. Isolation and identification of a pyrrolic glutathione conjugate metabolite of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline
178. Metabolism of aromatic amines: relationships of N-acetylation, N,O-acetyltransfer and deacetylation in human liver and urinary bladder
179. Sequence analysis and expression of the bacterial dichloromethane dehalogenase structural gene, a member of the glutathione S-transferase supergene family
180. In vitro and in vivo activation of oxidative drug metabolism by flavonoids
181. Carcinogenesis by alkylating agents
182. Mutagens as carcinogens: development of current concepts
183. The flavin-containing monooxygenase enzymes expressed in rabbit liver and lung are products of related but distinctly different genes
184. The bay region theory of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenesis
185. 6-Ethenoadenosine formation, mutagenicity and murine tumor induction as indicators of the generation of an electrophilic epoxide metabolite of the closely related carcinogens ethyl carbamate (urethane) and vinyl carbamate
186. Evidence for the presence of distinct flavin-containing monooxygenases in human tissues
187. Etheno-substituted nucleotides and coenzymes: fluorescence and biological activity
188. Mechanism of azoreduction of dimethylaminoazobenzene by rat liver NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and partially purified cytochrome P-450
189. Olefin oxidation by cytochrome P-450: evidence for group migration in catalytic intermediates formed with vinyledene chloride and trans-1-phenyl-1-butene
190. Dimethylnitrosamine demethylation by reconstituted liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzyme system
191. The identity of alcohol sulfotransferases with hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases
192. Oxidation of substituted N,N-dimethylanilines by cytochrome P-450: estimation of the effective oxidation-reduction potential of cytochrome P-450
193. Oxidation of monosubstituted olefins by cytochrome P-450 and heme models: evidence for the formation of aldehydes in addition to epoxides and allylic alcohols
194. Chemical model systems for drug-metabolizing cytochrome-P-450-dependent monooxygenases
195. Identification of the reactive glutathione conjugate S-(2-chloroethyl)glutathione in the bile of 1-bromo-2-chloroethane-treated rats by high-pressure liquid chromatography and precolumn derivatization with O-phthalaldehyde
196. Arachidonic acid metabolism and tumor initiation
197. Prostaglandin H synthase
198. Comparison of the peroxidase activity of hemeproteins and cytochrome P-450
199. Oxidation of polycyclic hydrocarbons by oxygen radicals
200. Carcinogenicity of some pyrrolic pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolites and analogues
201. Reconstitution of rabbit liver microsomal N-nitrosopyrrolidine α-hydroxylase activity
202. Rearrangements of α-halo epoxides and related α-substituted epoxides
203. Glutathione
204. Interindividual variations in the activities of cytosolic and microsomal epoxide hydrolase in human liver
205. Theta, a new class of glutathione transferases purified from rat and man
206. Reductive oxygenation of carbon tetrachloride: trichloromethylperoxyl radical as a possible intermediate in the conversion of carbon tetrachloride to electrophilic chlorine
207. Formation of electrophilic chlorine from carbon tetrachloride—involvement of cytochrome P-450
208. Reductive metabolism and protein binding of chromium(VI) by P450 protein enzymes
209. Searches for ultimate chemical carcinogens and their reactions with cellular macromolecules
210. Carcinogenesis by chemicals: an overview—G.H.A. Clowes memorial lecture
211. The metabolic activation and nucleic acid adducts of naturally-occurring carcinogens: recent results with ethyl carbamate and the spice flavors safrole and estragole
212. Betamethasone-mediated activation of biphenyl 2-hydroxylation in rat liver microsomes: studies on possible mechanisms
213. Oxidation of trichloroethylene by liver microsomal cytochrome P-450: evidence for chlorine migration in a transition state not involving trichloroethylene oxide
214. Metabolism of trichloroethylene in isolated hepatocytes, microsomes, and reconstituted enzyme systems containing purified cytochromes P-450
215. Role of cytochrome P450IIIA4 in the metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine in human liver
216. The use of intramolecular isotope effects to distinguish between deprotonation and hydrogen atom abstraction mechanisms in cytochrome P-450- and peroxidase-catalyzed N-demethylation reactions
217. Metabolic oxidation of acetaminophen (paracetamol) mediated by cytochrome P-450 mixed-function oxidase and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase in rabbit kidney
218. Substrate specificities of rabbit lung and porcine liver flavin-containing monooxygenases: differences due to substrate size
219. Toxicology of thiono-sulfur compounds
220. The Ah locus: genetic differences in toxicity, cancer, mutation and birth defects
221. Substrate-inducible microsomal arylhydroxylase in mammalian cell culture: assay and properties of induced enzyme
222. The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, and recommended nomenclature
223. Activation mechanism of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate to the potent mutagen, 2-bromoacrolein
224. Induction of pulmonary tumors in mice with ethyl carbamate (urethane)
225. Alkylation of nucleosides by dehydromonocrotaline, the putative toxic metabolite of the carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline
226. Inflammatory cells from the rat pleural cavity can activate the food-derived carcinogen MeIQx
227. Mechanism of allyl alcohol toxicity and protective effects of low-molecular-weight thiols studied with isolated rat hepatocytes
228. 7-guanyl)ethyl)glutathione
229. Oxygen activation and transfer
230. Control of the catalytic activity of prosthetic heme by the structure of hemoproteins
231. Cytochrome P-450 catalysis: radical intermediates and dehydrogenation reactions
232. 7-guanyl)ethyl)glutathione adduct in glutathione-mediated binding of 1,2-dibromoethane to DNA
233. Tissue distribution of drug-metabolizing enzymes in humans
234. Effect of cigarette smoking on phenacetin metabolism
235. S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)glutathione: a reactive S-linked metabolite of methyl isocyanate
236. The role of nitroaromatic compounds in the direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel particle extracts
237. Effects of ethanol and clofibrate on expression of cytochrome P-450 enzymes and epoxide hydrolase in cultures and cocultures of rat hepatocytes
238. Inactivation of cytochrome P-450 by a troleandomycin metabolite. Protective role of glutathione
239. 7-guanyl)ethyl)glutathione in DNA
240. Investigations of metabolic precursors to hemoglobin and DNA adducts of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
241. Prostaglandin hydroperoxidase-dependent activation of heterocyclic aromatic amines
242. Polymorphic N-acetylation capacity in lung cancer
243. Substrate specificity of the rabbit lung flavin-containing monooxygenase for amines: oxidation products of primary alkylamines
244. N-Nitroso carcinogens
245. Characteristics of benzo(a)pyrene metabolism by kidney, liver, and lung microsomal fractions from rodents and humans
246. Peroxyl radical- and cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolic activation of (+)-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene in mouse skin in vitro and in vivo
247. Carcinogenic risk assessment: a toxicologist's view
248. 1: a new metabolite
249. 1
250. The mutagenic effect of 1,2-dichloroethane on Salmonella typhimurium. I. Activation through conjugation with glutathione in vitro
251. 32P]-Postlabeling analysis of DNA adduction in mouse skin following topical administration of (+)-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a] pyrene((+)-BP-7,8-diol)
252. Metabolism and activation of 7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene during prostaglandin biosynthesis: intermediacy of a bay-region epoxide
253. Crosslinking of DNA by dehydroretronecine, a metabolite of pyrrolizidine alkaloids
254. Multiple forms of phenolsulphotransferase in human tissues
255. Incorporation of in vitro enzyme data into the PB-PK model for methylene chloride: implications for risk assessment
256. In vitro metabolism of methylene chloride in human and animal tissues: use in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models
257. Activated oncogenes in B6C3F1 mouse liver tumors: implications for risk assessment
258. Effect of peroxidase inhibitors on an in vivo metabolite of the urinary bladder carcinogen N-(4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl) formamide in rats
259. Alkylation of N2 in deoxyguanosine by dehydroretronecine, a carcinogenic metabolite of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline
260. Covalent interaction of dehydroretronecine, a carcinogenic metabolite of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, with cysteine and glutathione
261. The genotoxicity, metabolism and carcinogenicity of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
262. Chromium(V) is produced upon reduction of chromate by mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes
263. Characterization of a major form of rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 induced by isoniazid
264. Mechanism of activation of proximate mutagens in Ames' tester strains: the acetyl-CoA dependent enzyme in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 deficient in TA98/1,8-DNP6 catalyzes DNA-binding as the cause of mutagenicity
265. Pharmacogenetics of N-methylation heritability of human erythrocyte histamine N-methyltransferase activity
266. Evidence for a new model of tumor progression from carcinogenesis and tumor promotion studies with 7-bromomethylbenz[a]anthracene
267. 2-aminofluorenyl)-deoxyguanosine-3′-5′-diphosphate from 2-aminofluorene
268. NF, the nifedipine oxidase, being the principal enzyme involved in the bioactivation of aflatoxins in human liver
269. Inactivation of 1,3-, 1,6-, and 1,8-dinitropyrene by human and rat microsomes
270. 1 by constitutive forms of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver microsomes
271. Human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the bioactivation of procarcinogens by umu gene response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002
272. Roles of individual human cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the bioactivation of benzo(a)pyrene, 7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)- pyrene, and other dihydrodiol derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
273. Metabolic deactivation of furylfuramide by cytochrome P-450 in human and rat liver microsomes
274. Characterization of human lung microsomal cytochrome P-450 1A1 and its role in the oxidation of chemical carcinogens
275. Mechanisms of mutagenesis by exocyclic DNA adducts. Construction and in vitro template characteristics of an oligonucleotide bearing a single site-specific ethenocytosine
276. O-Alkyl pyrimidines in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis: occurrence and significance
277. Site-specific mutagenesis—retrospective and prospective
278. 2,3-etheno-deoxyguanosine, using a site-directed kinetic assay
279. Metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in human lung and liver microsomes and cytochromes P-450 expressed hepatoma cells
280. Interactions of diethylphenylphosphine with purified, reconstituted mouse liver cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase systems
281. Purification of an allene oxide synthase and identification of the enzyme as a cytochrome-P-450
282. Solvolysis of model compounds for α-hydroxylation of N′-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: evidence for a cyclic oxonium ion intermediate in the alkylation of nucleophiles
283. Is there a role for reactive oxygen species in the mechanism of chromium(VI) carcinogenesis?
284. 1 mice
285. Age- and sex-related differences in activation of the carcinogen 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene to an electrophilic sulfuric acid ester metabolite in rats: possible involvement of hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase activity
286. 7-Sulfooxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene is an electrophilic mutagen, but does not appear to play a role in carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene or 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene
287. Deuterium isotope effect on metabolism of N-nitrosodimethylamine in vivo in rat
288. 6-ethyldeoxyguanosine, accumulates in hepatocyte DNA of rats exposed continuously to diethylnitrosamine
289. Rapid release of carcinogen-guanine adducts from DNA after reaction with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorence or N-benzoyloxy-N-methyl-4-aminoazobenzene
290. Interindividual variability in the glucuronidation and sulphation of ethinyloestradiol in human liver
291. Isolation and purification of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases
292. Myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation of chloride and other halides: the role of chloramines
293. Functions of epoxide hydrolases
294. Metabolism of N-methylformamide in mice: primary kinetic deuterium isotope effect and identification of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)glutathione as a metabolite
295. Oxygen gradients in alcohol-induced liver injury
296. 1,6-Dinitropyrene: mutagenicity in Salmonella and carcinogenicity in BALMB/c mice
297. Characterization of an FMN-containing cyclohexane monooxygenase from a cyclohexane-grown Xanthobacter sp.
298. Demethylation and denitrosation of nitrosamines by cytochrome P-450 isozymes
299. Metabolic activation of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines by human liver and colon
300. Tissue- and species-dependent expression of multiple forms of mammalian microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenase
301. N-Chlorination and oxidation of procainamide by myeloperoxidase: toxicological implications
302. Mutagenicity of benzyl S-haloalkyl and S-haloalkenyl sulfides in the Ames-Test
303. The role of glutathione conjugation in the mutagenicity of 1,2-dibromoethane
304. Mutagenic activation of dibromomethane and diiodomethane by mammalian microsomes and glutathione S-transferases
305. The metabolic formation of N-acetyl-S-2-hydroxyethyl-L-cysteine from tetradeutero-1,2-dibromoethane. Relative importance of oxidation and glutathione conjugation in vivo
306. Stereoselective formation of benz[a]anthracene (+)-(5S,6R)-oxide and (+)-(8R,9S)-oxide by a highly purified and reconstituted system containing cytochrome P-450c
307. Human platelet phenol sulfotransferase: familial variation in thermal stability of the TS form
308. Diverse point mutations in the human gene for polymorphic N-acetyltransferase
309. Identification of alkylation products of styrene oxide in single- and double-stranded DNA
310. Deuterium isotope effect on denitrosation and demethylation of N-nitrosodimethylamine by rat liver microsomes
311. A 7-hydroxymethyl sulfate ester as an active metabolite of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene
312. Commentary: the molecular basis of hereditary acetylation polymorphisms
313. Chromium-induced cross-linking of nuclear proteins and DNA
314. Phenol sulfotransferase inheritance
315. Activation and detoxification of N-2-fluorenylacetamide in man
316. Drug residue formation from ronidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole. II. Involvement of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in protein alkylation in vitro
317. Rabbit lung flavin-containing monooxygenase: purification, characterization, and induction during pregnancy
318. Bioactivation and detoxication of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine by cytochrome P-450 isozymes in rat liver
319. The role of flavin-containing monooxygenase in the N-oxidation of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine
320. Oxidation-reduction potential studies on p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas fluorescens
321. Carcinogenicity and toxicity of 1,2-dibromoethane in the rat
322. Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene derivatives to mutagenic products by highly purified hepatic microsomal enzymes
323. Characterization of ethanol-inducible human liver N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase
324. Unique role of oxygen in regulation of hepatic monooxygenation and glucoronidation
325. Ab-initio molecular orbital studies of structure and reactivity of transition metal-oxo compounds
326. Participation of rat liver cytochrome P-450 2E1 in the activation of N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine to products genotoxic in N-acetyltransferase-overexpressing Salmonella typhimurium strain NM2009
327. Reconstitution of benzo[a]pyrene
328. Specificity of four forms of cytochrome P-450 in the metabolic activation of several aromatic amines and benzo[a]pyrene
329. DNA adducts formed by ring-oxidation of the carcinogen 2-naphthylamine with prostaglandin H synthase in vitro and in the dog urothelium in vivo
330. Mechanism of formation and structural characterization of DNA adducts derived from peroxidative of benzidine
331. Enzymatic acetylation and sulfation of N-hydroxylamines in bacteria and rat livers
332. Immunochemical studies on the metabolism of nitrosamines by ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450
333. Deuterium isotope effect in the interaction of N-nitrosodimethylamine, ethanol, and related compounds with cytochrome P-450IIE1
334. metabolism of N-nitrosodialkylamines by human liver microsomes
335. Purification and characterization of human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 2A6
336. Contributions of human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes to the N-oxidation of 4,4′-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline)
337. Direct mutagenesis of Ha-ras-1 oncogenes by N-nitroso-N-methylurea during initiation of mammary carcinogenesis in rats
338. Enzyme systems involved in the formation of reactive metabolites in the renal medulla: cooxidation via prostaglandin H synthase
339. Flavin-containing monooxygenases: catalytic mechanism and substrate specificities
340. Flavin-containing monooxygenases: enzymes adapted for multisubstrate specificity
341. N-Methylation: potential mechanism for metabolic activation of carcinogenic primary arylamines
342. 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) is positive for sex-linked recessive lethals heritable translocations and chromosome loss in Drosophila