Predictors of early morbidity and mortality after thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction: Analyses of patient subgroups in the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) trial, phase II

Circulation

Volumn 85, Issue 4, 1992, Pages 1254-1264

  Mueller, Hiltrud S ^a   Cohen, Lawrence S ^a   Braunwald, Eugene ^a   Forman, Sandra ^a   Feit, Frederick ^a   Ross, Allan ^a   Schweiger, Marc ^a   Cabin, Henry ^a   Davison, Richard ^a   Miller, David ^a   Solomon, Rachel ^a   Knatterud, Genell L ^a  

^a MARYLAND MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical trials; Early mortality and morbidity predictors; Subgroup analyses

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALTEPLASE; HEPARIN;

AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; CARDIOGENIC SHOCK; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART REINFARCTION; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LUNG EDEMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; SMOKING; TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY;

COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0026561243     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.85.4.1254     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Kennedy JW, Ritchie JL, Davis KB, Fritz JK: Western Washington randomized trial of intracoronary streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1983;309:1477-1482
2. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi Nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI): Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1986;1:397-401
3. ISIS-2 Collaborative Group: Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet 1988;2: 349-360
4. Wilcox RG, von der Lippe G, Olsson CB, Jensen G, Skene AM, Hampton JR: Trial of tissue plasminogen activator for mortality reduction in acute myocardial infarction: Anglo-Scandinavian Study of Early Thrombolysis (ASSET). Lancet 1988;2:525-530
5. The AIMS Trial Study Group: Effect of intravenous APSAC on mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1988;1:545-549
6. Topol EJ, Califf RM, George BS, Kereiakes DJ, Abbottsmith CW, Candela RJ, Lee KL, Pitt B, Stack RS, O'Neill WW, Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (TAMI) Study Group: A randomized trial of immediate versus delayed elective angioplasty after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1987;317:581-588
7. The TIMI Research Group: Immediate versus delayed catheterization and angioplasty following thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 1988;260:2849-2858
8. Simoons ML, Arnold AER, Betriu A, de Bono DP, Col J, Dougherty FC, von Essen R, Lambertz H, Lubsen J, Meier B, Michel PL, Raynaud P, Rutsch W, Sanz GA, Schmidt W, Serruys PW, Thery C, Uebis R, Vahanian A, van de Werf F, Willems GM, Wood D, Verstraete M: Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction: No additional benefit from immediate percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Lancet 1988;1: 197-203
9. Stack RS, O'Connor CM, Mark DB, Hinorara T, Phillips HR, Lee MM, Ramirez NM, O'Callaghan WG, Simonton CA, Carlson EB, Morris KG, Behar VS, Kong Y, Peter RH, Califf RM: Coronary perfusion during acute myocardial infarction with a combined therapy of coronary angioplasty and high-dose intravenous streptokinase. Circulation 1988;77:151-161
10. Ellis SG, O'Neill WW, Bates ER, Walton JA Jr, Nabel EG, Werns SW, Topol EJ: Implications for patient triage from survival and left ventricular functional recovery analyses in 500 patients treated with coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;13:1251-1259
11. Califf RM, Topol EJ, Stack RS, Ellis SG, George BS, Kereiakes DJ, Samaha JK, Worley SJ, Anderson JL, Harrelson-Woodlief L, Wall TC, Phillips HR III, Abbottsmith CW, Candela RJ, Flanagan WH, Sasahara AA, Mantell SJ, Lee KL, TAMI Study Group: Evaluation of combination thrombolytic therapy and timing of cardiac catheterization in acute myocardial infarction: Results of Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction: Phase 5 Randomized Trial. Circulation 1991;83:1543-1556
12. Ellis SG, Topol EJ, George BS, Kereiakes DJ, Debowey D, Sigmon KN, Pickel A, Lee KL, Califf RM: Recurrent ischemia without warning: Analysis of risk factors for in-hospital ischemic events following successful thrombolysis with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Circulation 1989;80:1159-1165
13. Hillis DK, Forman S, Braunwald E, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Phase II Coinvestigators: Risk stratification before thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16:313-315
14. The TIMI Study Group: Comparison of invasive and conservative strategies after treatment with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction: Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Phase II Trial. N Engl J Med 1989;320:618-627
15. Rogers WJ, Baim DS, Gore JM, Brown BG, Roberts R, Williams DO, Chesebro JH, Babb JD, Sheehan FH, Wackers FJT, Zaret BL, Robertson TL, Passamani ER, Ross R, Knatterud GL, Braunwald E, TIMI II-A Investigators: Comparison of immediate invasive, delayed invasive, and conservative strategies after tissue-type plasminogen activator: Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Phase II-A trial. Circulation 1990;81:1457-1476
16. Roberts R, Rogers WJ, Mueller HS, Lambrew CT, Diver DJ, Smith HC, Willerson JT, Knatterud GL, Forman S, Passamani E, Zaret BL, Wackers FJT, Braunwald E, TIMI Investigators: Immediate versus deferred β-blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Results of the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) II-B Study. Circulation 1991;83:422-437
17. TIMI Operations Committee, Braunwald E, Knatterud GL, Passamani ER, Robertson TL: Announcement of protocol changes in Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Trial (letter to the editor). J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;9:467
18. Breslow NE, Day NE: Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Vol 1, The Analysis of Case Control Studies. IACR Scientific Publication No 32, The International Agency for Cancer Research, Lyon, 1980, pp 142-146
19. Kaplan KL, Meier P: Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 1958;53:457-481
20. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S: Applied Logistic Regression. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1989, pp 106-118
21. SAS Institute, Inc: SAS Users Guide: Statistics. Version 5 ed. Cary, NC, SAS Institute, Inc, 1985, pp 401-431, 433-476, 529-557, 795-800
22. Dixon WJ (ed): BMDP Statistical Software. Berkeley, Calif, University of California Press, 1988, pp 941-969
23. Killip T III, Kimball JT: Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit: A two-year experience with 250 patients. Am J Cardiol 1967;20:457-464
24. Norris RM, Brandt PWT, Caughey DE, Lee AJ, Scott PJ: A new coronary prognostic index. Lancet 1969;1:274-278
25. Moss AJ, DeCamilla J, Davis H, Bayer L: The early posthospital phase of myocardial infarction: Prognostic stratification. Circulation 1976;54:58-64
26. Schaer DH, Ross AM, Wasserman AG: Reinfarction, recurrent angina, and reocclusion after thrombolytic therapy. Circulation 1987;76(suppl II):II-57-II-62
27. Wilkes NPF, Jones MP, O'Rourke MF, Nelson GIC: Determinants of recurrent ischaemia and revascularisation procedures after thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in primary coronary occlusion. Int J Cardiol 1991;30:69-76
28. Rothbaum DA, Linnemeier TJ, Landin RJ, Steinmetz EF, Hillis JS, Hallam CC, Noble RJ, See MR: Emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction: A 3-year experience. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;10:264-272
29. Kahn JK, Rutherford BD, McConahay DR, Johnson WL, Giorgi LV, Shimshak TM, Ligon R, Hartzler GO: Results of primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16: 1089-1096
30. Lee L, Erbel R, Brown TM, Laufer N, Meyer J, O'Neill WW: Multicenter registry of angioplasty therapy of cardiogenic shock: Initial and long-term survival. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:599-603
31. Andersen HR, Falk E, Nielsen D: Clinical first myocardial infarction: Coronary artery disease and old infarcts in 53 consecutive fatal cases from a coronary care unit. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol 1989;2:315-319
32. Benhorin J, Moss AJ, Oakes D, Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Trial Research Group: Prognostic significance of nonfatal myocardial reinfarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;15:253-258
33. The Veterans Administration Coronary Artery Surgery Bypass Surgery Cooperative Study Group: Eleven-year survival in the Veterans Administration randomized trial of coronary artery bypass surgery for stable angina. N Engl J Med 1984;311:1333-1339
34. Killip T, Passamani E, Davis K, CASS Principal Investigators and Associates: Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS): A randomized trial of bypass surgery: Eight years' follow-up and survival in patients with reduced ejection fraction. Circulation 1985;72(suppl V):V-102-V-109
35. Varnauskas E, European Coronary Surgery Study Group: Survival, myocardial infarction, and employment status in a prospective randomized study of coronary bypass surgery. Circulation 1985;72(suppl V):V-90-V-101
36. Kannel WB, Hjortland M, Castelli WP: Role of diabetes in congestive heart failure: The Framingham Study. Am J Cardiol 1974;34:29-34
37. Stone PH, Muller JE, Hartwell T, York BJ, Rutherford JD, Parker CB, Turi ZG, Strauss HW, Willerson JT, Robertson T, Braunwald E, Jaffe AS: The effect of diabetes mellitus on prognosis and serial left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction: Contribution of both coronary disease and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction to the adverse prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;14: 49-57
38. Savage MP, Krolewski AS, Kenien GG, Lebies MP, Christlieb R, Lewis SM: Acute myocardial infarction in diabetes mellitus and significance of congestive heart failure as a prognostic factor. Am J Cardiol 1988;62:665-669
39. Kouvaras G, Cokkinos D, Spyropoulou M: Increased mortality of diabetics after acute myocardial infarction attributed to diffusely impaired left ventricular performance as assessed by echocardiography. Jpn Heart J 1988;29:1-9
40. Dortimer AC, Shenoy PN, Shiroff RA, Leaman DM, Babb JD, Liedtke AJ, Zelis R: Diffuse coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. Circulation 1978;57:133-136
41. Waller BF, Palumbo PJ, Roberts WC: Status of the coronary arteries at necropsy in diabetes mellitus with onset after age 30 years: Analysis of 229 diabetic patients with and without clinical evidence of coronary heart disease and comparison to 183 control subjects. Am J Med 1980;69:498-506
42. Lemp GF, Zwaag RV, Hughes JP, Maddock V, Kroetz F, Ramanathan KB, Mirvis DM, Sullivan JM: Association between the severity of diabetes mellitus and coronary arterial atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:1015-1019
43. Ellis SG, Vandormael MG, Cowley MJ, DiSciascio G, Deligonul U, Topol EJ, Bulle TM: Coronary morphologic and clinical determinants of procedural outcome with angioplasty for multivessel coronary disease: Implications for patient selection: Multivessel Angioplasty Prognosis Study Group. Circulation 1990;82: 1193-1202
44. Ohman EM, Califf RM, Topol EJ, Candela R, Abottsmith C, Ellis S, Sigmon KN, Kereiakes D, George B, Stack R, TAMI Study Group: Consequences of reocclusion after successful reperfusion therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1990;82: 781-791
45. Rivers JT, White HD, Cross DB, Williams BF, Norris RM: Reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction followed by conservative management: Incidence and effect of smoking. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16:340-348
46. Jafri SM, Tilley BC, Peters R, Schultz LR, Goldstein S: Effects of cigarette smoking and propranolol in survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1990;65:271-276
47. Kannel WB: Update on the role of cigarette smoking in coronary artery disease. Am Heart J 1981;101:319-328
48. Sparrow D, Dawber TR, Colton T: The influence of cigarette smoking on prognosis after a first myocardial infarction: A report from the Framingham study. J Chronic Dis 1978;31:425-432
49. Kelly TL, Gilpin E, Ahnve S, Henning H, Ross J Jr: Smoking status at the time of acute myocardial infarction and subsequent prognosis. Am Heart J 1985;110:535-541
50. Fuster V, Chesebro JH, Frye RL, Elveback LR: Platelet survival and the development of coronary artery disease in the young adult: Effects of cigarette smoking, strong family history, and medical therapy. Circulation 1981;63:546-551
51. Kannel WB, D'Agostino RB, Belanger AJ: Fibrinogen, cigarette smoking, and risk of cardiovascular disease: Onsights from the Framingham Study. Am Heart J 1987;113:1006-1010
52. Nowak J, Murray JJ, Oates JA, Fitzgerald GA: Biochemical evidence of a chronic abnormality in platelet and vascular function in healthy individuals who smoke cigarettes. Circulation 1987;76: 6-14
53. Mustard JF, Murphy EA: Effect of smoking on blood coagulation and platelet survival in man. Br Med J 1963;1:846-849
54. Kuller L, Meilahn E, Ockene J: Smoking and coronary heart disease, in Conner W, Bristow D (eds): Coronary Heart Disease. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1985, pp 65-83
55. Wilhelmsson C, Vedin JA, Elmfeldt D, Tibblin G, Wilhelmsen L: Smoking and myocardial infarction. Lancet 1975;1:415-420
56. Gordon T, Kannel WB, McGee D, Dawber TR: Death and coronary attacks in men after giving up cigarette smoking: A report from the Framingham Study. Lancet 1974;2:1345-1348
57. Yusuf S, Wittes J, Probstfield J: Evaluating effects of treatment in subgroups within a clinical trial: The case of non-Q wave myocardial infarction and beta-blockers. Am J Cardiol 1990;66:220-222