Convenient Syntheses of Carboxylic Acid Functionalized Fluoropolymer Surfaces1

Macromolecules

Volumn 24, Issue 5, 1991, Pages 982-986

  Shoichet, Molly S ^a   McCarthy, Thomas J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATALYSIS; CHEMICAL REACTIONS--ALKYLATION; COPOLYMERS--MODIFICATION; HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION; SURFACE TREATMENT;

DEHYDROFLUORINATION; POLYCHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE; POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; SODIUM HYDROXIDE; SODIUM NAPHTHALIDE;

FLUORINE CONTAINING POLYMERS;

EID: 0026415761     PISSN: 00249297     EISSN: 15205835     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ma00005a003     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. A preliminary account of some of the research reported here has been presented: Shoichet, M. S.; McCarthy, T. J. Polym. Prepr. (Am. Chem. Soc., Diu. Polym. Chem.) 1990, 31 (1), 418.
2. Some of our objectives have been detailed in: Kolb, B. V.; Patton, P. A.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1990, 23, 336.
3. Dias, A. J.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1987, 20, 2068.
4. Lee, K.-W.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1988, 21, 2318.
5. Costello, C. A.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1987, 20, 2819.
6. Bening, R. C.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1990, 23, 2648.
7. Brennan, J. V.; McCarthy, T. J. Polym. Prepr. (Am. Chem. Soc., Diu. Polym. Chem.) 1989, 30(2), 152.
8. For examples see: Holmes-Farley, S. R.; Reamey, R. H.; Nuzzo, R. G.; McCarthy, T. J.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1987, 3, 799 and references sited therein.
9. For example see: Briggs, D.; Brewis, D. M.; Konieczo, M. B. J. Mater. Sci. 1976, 11, 1270.
10. Lipton, M. F.; Sorensen, C. M.; Sadler, A. C.; Shapiro, R. H. J. Organomet. Chem. 1980, 186, 155.
11. Kolthoff, I. M.; Sandel, E. B.; Meehan, E. J.; Bruckenstein, S. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th ed.; MacMillan: Toronto, 1969.
12. Dias, A. J.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1984, 17, 2529.
13. Brennan, J. V.; McCarthy, T. J. Polym. Prepr. (Am. Chem. Soc, Div. Polym. Chem.) 1987, 29(2), 338.
14. Reilley, C. N.; Everhart, D. S.; Ho, F. F. L. In Applied Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis; Windawi, H., Ho, F. F. L., Eds.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1982; Chapter 6.
15. Reference 2 contains a discussion of the factors that control thickness and diffuseness in solid polymer-solution interface reactions.
16. Dwight, D. W.; Riggs, W. J. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1974, 47, 650.
17. Varma, A. J.; Jog, J. P., Nadkarni, V. M. Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun. 1983, 4, 715.
18. Costello, C. A.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1985, 18, 1087.
19. Costello, C. A.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1984, 17, 2592.
20. Dias, A. J.; McCarthy, T. J. Macromolecules 1985, 18, 1826.
21. Danielson, N. D.; Taylor, R. T.; Huth, J. A.; Siergiej, R. W.; Galloway, J. G.; Paperman, J. B. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1983, 22, 303.
22. Bonafini, J. A.; Dias, A. J.; Guzdar, Z. A.; McCarthy, T. J. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Lett. Ed. 1985, 23, 33.
23. The 15° takeoff angle spectrum is representative of the outer 10 A of the film sample to the extent that 94% of the photoelectrons measured are ejected from this region; this calculation uses a value of 14 Å for the C1s, photoelectron mean free path, which was measured in poly(p-xylylene).24
24. Clark, D. T.; Thomas, H. R. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. 1977, 15, 2843.
25. We do not indicate in this structure the presence of 8% -CF2-CF(CF3)- repeat units. This does not affect the C to F to O ratio; if it were included, the calculated number of carboxylic acids per repeat unit would be slightly higher.
26. Holmes-Farley, S. R.; Reamey, R. H.; McCarthy, T. J.; Deutch, J.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1985, 1, 725.
27. We are less certain of this estimate than we are of those for PVF2 and FEP because the latter measurements were made many more times.6,12
28. This value was estimated from the reported XPS data.26