메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 1, 1991, Pages 229-256

Novelty in evolution: Restructuring the concept

Author keywords

Developmental constraint; Evolution; Homology; Novelty

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; HOMOLOGY; MORPOHOLOGY; NOVELTY;

EID: 0026282736     PISSN: 00664162     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.001305     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (344)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 0001849444 scopus 로고
    • Developmental constraints in evolutionary processes
    • ed. J. T. Bonner, Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Alberch, P. 1982. Developmental constraints in evolutionary processes. In Evolution and Development, ed. J. T. Bonner, pp. 313-32. Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • (1982) Evolution and Development , pp. 313-332
    • Alberch, P.1
  • 2
    • 0242553087 scopus 로고
    • The generative and regulatory roles of development in evolution
    • ed. D. Mossakowski, G. Roth, Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag
    • Alberch, P. 1982. The generative and regulatory roles of development in evolution. In Environmental Adaptation and Evolution, ed. D. Mossakowski, G. Roth, pp. 19-36. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag
    • (1982) Environmental Adaptation and Evolution , pp. 19-36
    • Alberch, P.1
  • 5
    • 0003169856 scopus 로고
    • Osteometric variation and function in bats
    • Bader, R. S., Hall, J. S. 1960. Osteometric variation and function in bats. Evolution 14:8-17
    • (1960) Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 8-17
    • Bader, R.S.1    Hall, J.S.2
  • 6
    • 0021570110 scopus 로고
    • Genetic revolutions, founder events, and speciation
    • Barton, N. H., Charlesworth, B. 1984. Genetic revolutions, founder events, and speciation. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15: 133-64
    • (1984) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.15 , pp. 133-164
    • Barton, N.H.1    Charlesworth, B.2
  • 8
    • 84888474084 scopus 로고
    • Gestufte Reduktion von chemisch behandelten Xenopus-Beinen
    • Bretscher, A., Tschumi, P. 1951. Gestufte Reduktion von chemisch behandelten Xenopus-Beinen. Rev. Suisse Zool. 58:391-98
    • (1951) Rev. Suisse Zool. , vol.58 , pp. 391-398
    • Bretscher, A.1    Tschumi, P.2
  • 9
    • 0015070886 scopus 로고
    • Repetitive and non-repetitive DNA and a speculation on the origin of evolutionary novelty
    • Britten, R. J., Davidson, E. H. 1971. Repetitive and non-repetitive DNA and a speculation on the origin of evolutionary novelty. Q. Rev. Biol. 46:111-33
    • (1971) Q. Rev. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 111-133
    • Britten, R.J.1    Davidson, E.H.2
  • 10
    • 0025364567 scopus 로고
    • The development of handedness in left/right asymmetry
    • Brown, N. A., Wolpert, L. 1990. The development of handedness in left/right asymmetry. Development 109:1-9
    • (1990) Development , vol.109 , pp. 1-9
    • Brown, N.A.1    Wolpert, L.2
  • 11
    • 0344510819 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of a macroevolutionary phenotype: The external cheek pouches of geomyoid rodents
    • Brylski, P., Hall, B. K. 1988. Ontogeny of a macroevolutionary phenotype: The external cheek pouches of geomyoid rodents. Evolution 42:391-95
    • (1988) Evolution , vol.42 , pp. 391-395
    • Brylski, P.1    Hall, B.K.2
  • 12
    • 0001219769 scopus 로고
    • Constraints for the evolution of functionally coupled characters: A nonlinear analysis of a phenotypic model
    • Bürger, R. 1986. Constraints for the evolution of functionally coupled characters: A nonlinear analysis of a phenotypic model. Evolution 40:182-93
    • (1986) Evolution , vol.40 , pp. 182-193
    • Bürger, R.1
  • 13
    • 0005153707 scopus 로고
    • Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the development of the chelonian Bauplan
    • ed. H. Splechtna, H. Hilgers, Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag
    • Burke, A. C. 1989. Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the development of the chelonian Bauplan. In Trends in Vertebrate Morphology, ed. H. Splechtna, H. Hilgers, pp. 206-09. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag
    • (1989) Trends in Vertebrate Morphology , pp. 206-209
    • Burke, A.C.1
  • 16
    • 0000305961 scopus 로고
    • A neo-Darwinian commentary on macroevolution
    • Charlesworth, B., Lande, R., Slatkin, M. 1982. A neo-Darwinian commentary on macroevolution. Evolution 36:474-98
    • (1982) Evolution , vol.36 , pp. 474-498
    • Charlesworth, B.1    Lande, R.2    Slatkin, M.3
  • 17
    • 0345590708 scopus 로고
    • The probability of peak shifts in a founder population II. An additive polygenic trait
    • Charlesworth, B., Rouhani, S. 1988. The probability of peak shifts in a founder population II. An additive polygenic trait. Evolution 42:1129-45
    • (1988) Evolution , vol.42 , pp. 1129-1145
    • Charlesworth, B.1    Rouhani, S.2
  • 18
    • 0025524228 scopus 로고
    • The origin of evolutionary novelties: Pattern and process at different hierarchical levels
    • ed. M. H. Nitecki, Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • Cracraft, J. 1990. The origin of evolutionary novelties: Pattern and process at different hierarchical levels. In Evolutionary Innovations, ed. M. H. Nitecki, pp. 304. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • (1990) Evolutionary Innovations , pp. 304
    • Cracraft, J.1
  • 19
    • 0025227253 scopus 로고
    • Phase three of Wrights shifting-balance theory
    • Crow, J. F., Engels, W. R., Denniston, C. 1990. Phase three of Wrights shifting-balance theory. Evolution 44:233-47
    • (1990) Evolution , vol.44 , pp. 233-247
    • Crow, J.F.1    Engels, W.R.2    Denniston, C.3
  • 22
    • 0025004998 scopus 로고
    • A threshold effect of the major isoforms of NCAM on neunte outgrowth
    • Doherty, P., Fruns, M., Seaton, P., Dickson, G., Barton, C. H., et al. 1990. A threshold effect of the major isoforms of NCAM on neunte outgrowth. Nature 343:464-66
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 464-466
    • Doherty, P.1    Fruns, M.2    Seaton, P.3    Dickson, G.4    Barton, C.H.5
  • 24
    • 0345492218 scopus 로고
    • Molecular drive in multigene families: How biological novelties arise, spread and are assimilated
    • Dover, G. 1986. Molecular drive in multigene families: How biological novelties arise, spread and are assimilated. Trends Genet 2:159-65
    • (1986) Trends Genet , vol.2 , pp. 159-165
    • Dover, G.1
  • 25
    • 0006154632 scopus 로고
    • "Hopeful monsters," transposons, and metazoan radiation
    • Erwin, D. H., Valentine, J. W. 1984. "Hopeful monsters," transposons, and metazoan radiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:5482-83
    • (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.81 , pp. 5482-5483
    • Erwin, D.H.1    Valentine, J.W.2
  • 26
    • 85034899429 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary implications of the mode of D quadrant specification in coelomates with spiral cleavage
    • In press
    • Freeman, G., Lundelius, J. W. 1991. Evolutionary implications of the mode of D quadrant specification in coelomates with spiral cleavage. J. Evol. Biol. In press
    • (1991) J. Evol. Biol.
    • Freeman, G.1    Lundelius, J.W.2
  • 30
    • 0020402387 scopus 로고
    • Exaptation - A missing term in the science of form
    • Gould, S. J., Vrba, E. S. 1982. Exaptation - a missing term in the science of form. Paleobiology 8:4-15
    • (1982) Paleobiology , vol.8 , pp. 4-15
    • Gould, S.J.1    Vrba, E.S.2
  • 32
    • 0002094381 scopus 로고
    • Genetical studies on the skeleton of the mouse
    • Grüneberg, H. 1952. Genetical studies on the skeleton of the mouse. J. Genet. 51:95-114
    • (1952) J. Genet. , vol.51 , pp. 95-114
    • Grüneberg, H.1
  • 33
    • 0022556498 scopus 로고
    • The role of movement and tissue interactions in the development and growth of bone and secondary cartilage in the clavicle of the embryonic chick
    • Hall, B. K. 1986. The role of movement and tissue interactions in the development and growth of bone and secondary cartilage in the clavicle of the embryonic chick. J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 93: 133-52
    • (1986) J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. , vol.93 , pp. 133-152
    • Hall, B.K.1
  • 35
    • 0039855674 scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in the limb skeleton of the red-backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus
    • Hanken, J., Dinsmore, C. E. 1986. Geographic variation in the limb skeleton of the red-backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus. J. Herpetol. 20:97-101
    • (1986) J. Herpetol. , vol.20 , pp. 97-101
    • Hanken, J.1    Dinsmore, C.E.2
  • 40
    • 0021258078 scopus 로고
    • Mehrzellige Drüsen in der Epidermis der unpaaren Flossen bei den Blenniiden
    • Kotrschal, K., Weise, H., Goldschmid, A. 1984. Mehrzellige Drüsen in der Epidermis der unpaaren Flossen bei den Blenniiden. Z. Mikrosk. Anat. Forsch. 98:184-92
    • (1984) Z. Mikrosk. Anat. Forsch. , vol.98 , pp. 184-192
    • Kotrschal, K.1    Weise, H.2    Goldschmid, A.3
  • 41
    • 0003767471 scopus 로고
    • 1984 (Trans. H. Elliot) Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • Lamarck, J. B. 1809. (1984) (Trans. H. Elliot) Zoological Philosophy. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • (1809) Zoological Philosophy
    • Lamarck, J.B.1
  • 42
    • 0017144189 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and random drift in phenotypic evolution
    • Lande, R. 1976. Natural selection and random drift in phenotypic evolution. Evolution 30:314-34
    • (1976) Evolution , vol.30 , pp. 314-334
    • Lande, R.1
  • 43
    • 0001934652 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary mechanisms of limb loss in tetrapods
    • Lande, R. 1978. Evolutionary mechanisms of limb loss in tetrapods. Evolution 32:73-92
    • (1978) Evolution , vol.32 , pp. 73-92
    • Lande, R.1
  • 44
    • 84966168715 scopus 로고
    • The response to selection on major and minor mutations affecting a metrical trait
    • Lande, R. 1983. The response to selection on major and minor mutations affecting a metrical trait. Heredity 50:47-65
    • (1983) Heredity , vol.50 , pp. 47-65
    • Lande, R.1
  • 45
    • 0022375972 scopus 로고
    • Expected time for random genetic drift of a population between stable phenotypic states
    • Lande, R. 1985. Expected time for random genetic drift of a population between stable phenotypic states. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:7641-45
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 7641-7645
    • Lande, R.1
  • 46
    • 0001567206 scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogenetic perspective on the origins of morphological novelties in the salamanders of the tribe plethodontini (Amphibia, Plethodontidae)
    • Larson, A., Wake, D. B., Maxson, L. R., Highton. R. 1981. A molecular phylogenetic perspective on the origins of morphological novelties in the salamanders of the tribe plethodontini (Amphibia, Plethodontidae). Evolution 35:405-22
    • (1981) Evolution , vol.35 , pp. 405-422
    • Larson, A.1    Wake, D.B.2    Maxson, L.R.3    Highton, R.4
  • 47
    • 0017050268 scopus 로고
    • Random determination of a developmental process
    • Layton, W. M. 1976. Random determination of a developmental process. J. Hered. 67:336-38
    • (1976) J. Hered. , vol.67 , pp. 336-338
    • Layton, W.M.1
  • 48
    • 85034901262 scopus 로고
    • Konkurrenz- und Schwelleneffekte bei der Realisierung von Körper- und Organgestalten
    • Lehmann, F. E. 1953. Konkurrenz- und Schwelleneffekte bei der Realisierung von Körper- und Organgestalten. Rev. Suisse Zool. 60:490-96
    • (1953) Rev. Suisse Zool. , vol.60 , pp. 490-496
    • Lehmann, F.E.1
  • 49
    • 0020997969 scopus 로고
    • Cortico-cortical connections reorganize in hamsters after neonatal transaction of the callosal bridge
    • Lent, R. 1983. Cortico-cortical connections reorganize in hamsters after neonatal transaction of the callosal bridge. Dev. Brain Res. 11:137-42
    • (1983) Dev. Brain Res. , vol.11 , pp. 137-142
    • Lent, R.1
  • 50
    • 0021346171 scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomical effects of neonatal transaction of the corpus callosum in hamsters
    • Lent, R. 1984. Neuroanatomical effects of neonatal transaction of the corpus callosum in hamsters. J. Comp. Neurol. 223:548-55
    • (1984) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.223 , pp. 548-555
    • Lent, R.1
  • 51
    • 84963097448 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary strategies and morphological innovations: Chichlid pharyngeal jaws
    • Liem, K. F. 1974. Evolutionary strategies and morphological innovations: Chichlid pharyngeal jaws. Syst. Zool. 20:425-41
    • (1974) Syst. Zool. , vol.20 , pp. 425-441
    • Liem, K.F.1
  • 52
    • 12444281044 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of mammalian cheek pouches and a possibly discontinuous origin of a higher taxon (Geomyoidea)
    • Long, C. A. 1976. Evolution of mammalian cheek pouches and a possibly discontinuous origin of a higher taxon (Geomyoidea). Am. Nat. 110: 1093-1111
    • (1976) Am. Nat. , vol.110 , pp. 1093-1111
    • Long, C.A.1
  • 54
    • 0020987353 scopus 로고
    • The genetics of stasis and punctuation
    • Maynard Smith, J. 1983. The genetics of stasis and punctuation. Annu. Rev. Genet. 17:11-25
    • (1983) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.17 , pp. 11-25
    • Maynard Smith, J.1
  • 56
    • 0001349244 scopus 로고
    • The genetics of a pattern
    • Maynard Smith, J., Sondhi, K. C. 1960. The genetics of a pattern. Genetics 45:1039-50
    • (1960) Genetics , vol.45 , pp. 1039-1050
    • Maynard Smith, J.1    Sondhi, K.C.2
  • 57
    • 0000476824 scopus 로고
    • The emergence of evolutionary novelties
    • ed. S. Tax, Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • Mayr, E. 1960. The emergence of evolutionary novelties. In Evolution After Darwin, ed. S. Tax, pp. 349-80. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • (1960) Evolution after Darwin , pp. 349-380
    • Mayr, E.1
  • 60
    • 0021471451 scopus 로고
    • Genetic correlations between sides and heritability of asymmetry for nonmetric traits in Rhesus Macaques on Cayo Santiago
    • McGrath, J. W., Cheverud, J. M., Buikstra, J. E. 1984. Genetic correlations between sides and heritability of asymmetry for nonmetric traits in Rhesus Macaques on Cayo Santiago. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 64:401-11
    • (1984) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.64 , pp. 401-411
    • McGrath, J.W.1    Cheverud, J.M.2    Buikstra, J.E.3
  • 63
    • 84966145847 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and the heritability of fitness components
    • Mousseau, T. A., Roff, D. A. 1987. Natural selection and the heritability of fitness components. Heredity 59:181-97
    • (1987) Heredity , vol.59 , pp. 181-197
    • Mousseau, T.A.1    Roff, D.A.2
  • 64
    • 0025525766 scopus 로고
    • Developmental mechanisms at the origin of morphological novelty: A side-effect hypothesis
    • ed. M. H. Nitecki, Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • Müller, G. B. 1990. Developmental mechanisms at the origin of morphological novelty: A side-effect hypothesis. In Evolutionary Innovations, ed. M. H. Nitecki, pp. 99-130. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • (1990) Evolutionary Innovations , pp. 99-130
    • Müller, G.B.1
  • 65
    • 0001353274 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary transformation of limb pattern: Heterochrony and secondary fusion
    • ed. J. R. Hinchliffe, J. Hurle, D. Summerbell. London: Plenum. In press
    • Müller, G. B. 1991. Evolutionary transformation of limb pattern: Heterochrony and secondary fusion. In Developmental Patterning of the Vertebrate Limb, ed. J. R. Hinchliffe, J. Hurle, D. Summerbell. London: Plenum. In press
    • (1991) Developmental Patterning of the Vertebrate Limb
    • Müller, G.B.1
  • 66
    • 0013436263 scopus 로고
    • Experimental strategies in evolutionary embryology
    • In press
    • Müller, G. B. 1991. Experimental strategies in evolutionary embryology. Am. Zool. 31: In press
    • (1991) Am. Zool. , vol.31
    • Müller, G.B.1
  • 67
    • 0024588034 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of the syndesmosis tibiofibularis and the evolution of the bird hindlimb: A caenogenetic feature triggers phenotypic novelty
    • Müller, G. B., Streicher, J. 1989. Ontogeny of the syndesmosis tibiofibularis and the evolution of the bird hindlimb: A caenogenetic feature triggers phenotypic novelty. Anat. Embryol. 179:327-39
    • (1989) Anat. Embryol. , vol.179 , pp. 327-339
    • Müller, G.B.1    Streicher, J.2
  • 72
    • 0000966989 scopus 로고
    • Evolution and morphogenetic rules: The shape of the vertebrate limb in ontogeny and phylogeny
    • Oster, G. F., Shubin, N., Murray, J. D., Alberch, P. 1988. Evolution and morphogenetic rules: The shape of the vertebrate limb in ontogeny and phylogeny. Evolution 42:862-84
    • (1988) Evolution , vol.42 , pp. 862-884
    • Oster, G.F.1    Shubin, N.2    Murray, J.D.3    Alberch, P.4
  • 75
    • 0025523828 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony and other mechanisms of radical evolutionary change in early development
    • ed. M. H. Nitecki, Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • Raff, R. A., Parr, B. A., Parks, A. L., Wray, G. A. 1990. Heterochrony and other mechanisms of radical evolutionary change in early development. In Evolutionary Innovations, ed. M. H. Nitecki, pp. 71-98. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    • (1990) Evolutionary Innovations , pp. 71-98
    • Raff, R.A.1    Parr, B.A.2    Parks, A.L.3    Wray, G.A.4
  • 76
    • 0024938991 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony: Developmental mechanisms and evolutionary results
    • Raff, R. A., Wray, G. A. 1989. Heterochrony: Developmental mechanisms and evolutionary results. J. Evol. Biol. 2:409-34
    • (1989) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 409-434
    • Raff, R.A.1    Wray, G.A.2
  • 77
    • 0014223464 scopus 로고
    • Development of the corpus callosum and cavum septi in man
    • Rakic, P., Yakovlev, P. I. 1968. Development of the corpus callosum and cavum septi in man. J. Comp. Neurol. 132:45-72
    • (1968) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.132 , pp. 45-72
    • Rakic, P.1    Yakovlev, P.I.2
  • 81
    • 85034906427 scopus 로고
    • Constancy and change of basipodal variation patterns: A comparative study of crested and marbled newts and their natural hybrids
    • In press
    • Rienesl, J., Wagner, G. P. 1991. Constancy and change of basipodal variation patterns: A comparative study of crested and marbled newts and their natural hybrids. J. Evol. Biol. In press
    • (1991) J. Evol. Biol.
    • Rienesl, J.1    Wagner, G.P.2
  • 82
    • 0022173683 scopus 로고
    • Group size factors and geographic variation of morphometric correlation
    • Riska, B. 1985. Group size factors and geographic variation of morphometric correlation. Evolution 39:792-803
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 792-803
    • Riska, B.1
  • 84
    • 0026269683 scopus 로고
    • Homology and hierarchies: Problems solved and unsolved
    • Roth, V. L. 1991. Homology and hierarchies: Problems solved and unsolved. J. Evol. Biol. 4:167-94
    • (1991) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 167-194
    • Roth, V.L.1
  • 86
    • 0002638615 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of patterning mechanisms: Gleanings from insect embryogenesis and spermatogenesis
    • ed. B. C. Goodwin, N. Holder, C. C. Wylie, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • Sander, K. 1983. The evolution of patterning mechanisms: Gleanings from insect embryogenesis and spermatogenesis. In Development and Evolution, ed. B. C. Goodwin, N. Holder, C. C. Wylie, pp. 137-59 Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • (1983) Development and Evolution , pp. 137-159
    • Sander, K.1
  • 92
    • 0019983715 scopus 로고
    • Axonal guidance during development of the great cerebral commissures: Descriptive and experimental studies in vivo, on the role of preformed glial pathways
    • Silver, J., Lorenz, S. E., Wahlsten, D., Coughlin, J. 1982. Axonal guidance during development of the great cerebral commissures: Descriptive and experimental studies in vivo, on the role of preformed glial pathways. J. Comp. Neurol. 210:10-29
    • (1982) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.210 , pp. 10-29
    • Silver, J.1    Lorenz, S.E.2    Wahlsten, D.3    Coughlin, J.4
  • 95
    • 0001185981 scopus 로고
    • Variation and covariation of characters of alate Pemphigus populitransversus in eastern North America
    • Sokal, R. R. 1962. Variation and covariation of characters of alate Pemphigus populitransversus in eastern North America. Evolution 16:227-45
    • (1962) Evolution , vol.16 , pp. 227-245
    • Sokal, R.R.1
  • 97
    • 0000997305 scopus 로고
    • Morphogenesis of cartilage
    • ed. B. K. Hall, New York: Academic
    • Thorogood, P. V. 1983. Morphogenesis of cartilage. In Cartilage. Vol. 2, ed. B. K. Hall, pp. 223-54. New York: Academic
    • (1983) Cartilage , vol.2 , pp. 223-254
    • Thorogood, P.V.1
  • 98
    • 84970551880 scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetische Realisationsstufen der Extremitäten bei Xenopus und die Interpretation phylogenetischer Strahlenreduktionen bei Wirbletieren
    • Tschumi, P. 1953. Ontogenetische Realisationsstufen der Extremitäten bei Xenopus und die Interpretation phylogenetischer Strahlenreduktionen bei Wirbletieren. Rev. Suisse Zool. 60:496-509
    • (1953) Rev. Suisse Zool. , vol.60 , pp. 496-509
    • Tschumi, P.1
  • 99
    • 0020326402 scopus 로고
    • Homology and causes
    • Van Valen, L. 1982. Homology and causes. J. Morphol. 173:305-12
    • (1982) J. Morphol. , vol.173 , pp. 305-312
    • Van Valen, L.1
  • 100
    • 0013457210 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of developmental systems
    • Waddington, C. H. 1941. Evolution of developmental systems. Nature 147: 108-10
    • (1941) Nature , vol.147 , pp. 108-110
    • Waddington, C.H.1
  • 101
    • 0021638120 scopus 로고
    • Convolution of functionally constrained characters: Prerequisites for adaptive versatility
    • Wagner, G. P. 1984. Convolution of functionally constrained characters: Prerequisites for adaptive versatility. BioSystems 17:51-5
    • (1984) BioSystems , vol.17 , pp. 51-55
    • Wagner, G.P.1
  • 102
    • 0002578492 scopus 로고
    • The systems approach: An interface between development and population genetic aspects of evolution
    • ed. D. M. Raup, D. Jablonski, Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Wagner, G. P. 1986. The systems approach: An interface between development and population genetic aspects of evolution. In Patterns and Processes in the History of Life, ed. D. M. Raup, D. Jablonski, pp. 149-65. Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • (1986) Patterns and Processes in the History of Life , pp. 149-165
    • Wagner, G.P.1
  • 103
    • 84993924998 scopus 로고
    • The influence of variation and of developmental constraints on the rate of multivariate phenotypic evolution
    • Wagner, G. P. 1988. The influence of variation and of developmental constraints on the rate of multivariate phenotypic evolution. J. Evol. Biol. 1:45-66
    • (1988) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.1 , pp. 45-66
    • Wagner, G.P.1
  • 104
    • 0001076372 scopus 로고
    • The origin of morphological characters and the biological basis of homology
    • Wagner, G. P. 1989. The origin of morphological characters and the biological basis of homology. Evolution 43:1157-71
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 1157-1171
    • Wagner, G.P.1
  • 105
    • 0003026945 scopus 로고
    • Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae
    • Wake, D. B. 1966. Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. Mem. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4:1-111
    • (1966) Mem. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 1-111
    • Wake, D.B.1
  • 106
    • 0002335052 scopus 로고
    • The linkage between ontogeny and phylogeny in the evolution of complex systems
    • ed. D. B. Wake, G. Roth, New York: Wiley
    • Wake, D. B., Roth, G. 1989. The linkage between ontogeny and phylogeny in the evolution of complex systems. In Complex Organismal Functions: Integration and Evolution in Vertebrates. ed. D. B. Wake, G. Roth, pp. 361-77. New York: Wiley
    • (1989) Complex Organismal Functions: Integration and Evolution in Vertebrates , pp. 361-377
    • Wake, D.B.1    Roth, G.2
  • 108
    • 84933529951 scopus 로고
    • The selection theory
    • ed. A. C. Seward, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • Weismann, A. 1909. The selection theory. In Darwin and Modern Science, ed. A. C. Seward, pp. 18-65. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • (1909) Darwin and Modern Science , pp. 18-65
    • Weismann, A.1
  • 109
    • 0022518371 scopus 로고
    • Alternative adaptations, speciation, and phylogeny
    • West-Eberhard, M. J. 1986. Alternative adaptations, speciation, and phylogeny. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:1388-92
    • (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.83 , pp. 1388-1392
    • West-Eberhard, M.J.1
  • 110
    • 0001918866 scopus 로고
    • The skin of fishes including cyclostomes: Epidermis
    • ed. J. Bereiter-Hahn, A. G. Matoltsy, K. S. Richards, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag
    • Whitear, M. 1986. The skin of fishes including cyclostomes: Epidermis. In Biology of the Integument, ed. J. Bereiter-Hahn, A. G. Matoltsy, K. S. Richards, pp. 8-38. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag
    • (1986) Biology of the Integument , pp. 8-38
    • Whitear, M.1
  • 112
    • 0015193975 scopus 로고
    • Genetic interpretation of regressive evolutionary processes: Studies on hybrid eyes of two Astyanax cave populations
    • Wilkens, H. 1971. Genetic interpretation of regressive evolutionary processes: Studies on hybrid eyes of two Astyanax cave populations. Evolution 25:530-44
    • (1971) Evolution , vol.25 , pp. 530-544
    • Wilkens, H.1
  • 113
    • 0025179169 scopus 로고
    • Novel origins of lineage founder cells in the direct-developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma
    • Wray, G. A., Raff, R. A. 1990. Novel origins of lineage founder cells in the direct-developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Dev. Biol. 141:41-54
    • (1990) Dev. Biol. , vol.141 , pp. 41-54
    • Wray, G.A.1    Raff, R.A.2
  • 114
    • 0001771498 scopus 로고
    • Evolution in Mendelian populations
    • Wright, S. 1931. Evolution in Mendelian populations. Genetics 16:97-159
    • (1931) Genetics , vol.16 , pp. 97-159
    • Wright, S.1
  • 115
    • 0001778971 scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetic variation in patterns of phenotypic integration in the laboratory rat
    • Zelditch, M. L. 1988. Ontogenetic variation in patterns of phenotypic integration in the laboratory rat. Evolution 42:28-41
    • (1988) Evolution , vol.42 , pp. 28-41
    • Zelditch, M.L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.