-
3
-
-
0025644510
-
How Big is the Universe of Exons?
-
of outstanding interest, The example par excellence of introns-early and exon-shuffling thinking carried to its extreme. Using as its assumption the hypothesis that genes were assembled from exon subunits, this paper performs statistical comparisons of the available exon database to estimate that only 1000–7000 exons were needed to construct all proteins.
-
(1990)
Science
, vol.250
, pp. 1377-1382
-
-
Dorit1
Schoenbach2
Gilbert3
-
5
-
-
0025301771
-
The Role of Introns in Evolution
-
of outstanding interest, A review from a leading proponent of the introns-late school on the role of exon-shuffling during evolution and on the origin of nuclear introns.
-
(1990)
FEBS Lett
, vol.268
, pp. 339-343
-
-
Rogers1
-
6
-
-
0025810123
-
Intron Phylogeny: a New Hypothesis
-
of interest, A proponent of the introns-late school presents a ‘grand-unification’ scheme for the evolution of all known intron types.
-
(1991)
Trends Genet
, vol.7
, pp. 145-148
-
-
Cavalier-Smith1
-
7
-
-
0026148460
-
Exons-Original Building Blocks of Proteins?
-
of outstanding interest, A detailed rebuttal (see also [41••]) by another introns-late advocate of the assumptions, methods, and results of Dorit et al. [3••], who attempted to estimate the size of the exon assembly universe.
-
(1991)
Bioessays
, vol.13
, pp. 187-192
-
-
Patthy1
-
8
-
-
0010514888
-
The Phylogenetic Significance of Sequence Diversity and Length Variations in Eukaryotic Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Coding Regions
-
[book], L Warren, H Koprowski, Wiley Liss, New York, of interest, A recent review of eukaryotic phylogeny as based upon rRNA sequence data.
-
(1991)
New Perspectives in Evolution
, pp. 175-188
-
-
Sogin1
-
9
-
-
0024462103
-
Evidence that Introns Arose at Proto-Splice Sites
-
(1989)
EMBO J
, vol.8
, pp. 2015-2021
-
-
Dibb1
Newman2
-
10
-
-
0025242792
-
Differential Intron Loss and Endosymbiotic Transfer of Chloroplast Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Genes to the Nucleus
-
of outstanding interest, A classic example of introns-early thinking applied to one of the best test cases of the origins-of-introns debate. Comparison of intron positions in various GAPDH genes leads to the disputed conclusions (see text) that four introns are shared between nuclear genes encoding cytoplasmic and chloroplast GAPDH genes and that the primordial GAPDH gene was assembled by exon shuffling. Few intron positions are shared even by animal and plant cytoplasmic GAPDH genes; also, GAPDH genes from Trypanosoma [11] and Giardia (MW Smith and R Doolittle, personal communication) lack introns.
-
(1990)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.87
, pp. 8918-8922
-
-
Liaud1
Zhang2
Cerff3
-
11
-
-
0025763679
-
The Cytosolic and Glycosomal Isoenzymes of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Trypanosoma brucei Have a Distant Evolutionary Relationship
-
of interest, The two GAPDH genes in Trypanosoma lack introns and are so dissimilar to each other as to suggest that they were acquired independently by a trypanosomal ancestor.
-
(1991)
Eur J Biochem
, vol.198
, pp. 421-428
-
-
Michels1
Marchand2
Kohl3
Allert4
Wierenga5
Opperdoew6
-
12
-
-
0024994551
-
Homologous Domains of the Largest Subunit of Eucaryotic RNA Polymerase II are Conserved in Plants
-
of interest, This paper and the references therein show that the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains large and variable numbers of introns in AFP (e.g. 27 introns in mouse). This gene lacks introns in the protists Plasmodium [13] and Trypanosoma [14].
-
(1990)
Mol Gen Genet
, vol.223
, pp. 65-75
-
-
Nawrath1
Schell2
Koncz3
-
15
-
-
0025353738
-
Lack of Introns in the Ribosomal Protein Gene S14 of Trypanosomes
-
of interest, The ribosomal protein gene S14 contains several variably present introns in AFP, including yeast, but lack introns in Trypanosoma brucei. The authors also point out that no cis-spliced introns have been found in any trypanosomes.
-
(1990)
Mol Cell Biol
, vol.10
, pp. 3284-3288
-
-
Perelman1
Boothroyd2
-
16
-
-
0026192282
-
Plant Enolase: Gene Structure, Expression, and Evolution
-
of interest, No positions are shared between the 12 or more introns present in plant genes for the glycolytic enzyme enolase and the 10 introns in the animal gene.
-
(1991)
Plant Cell
, vol.3
, pp. 719-735
-
-
Van der Straeten1
Rodrigues-Pousada2
Goodman3
Van Montagu4
-
17
-
-
0025162761
-
Occurrence of a Copia-Like Transposable Element in One of the Introns of the Potato Starch Phosphorylase Gene
-
of interest, None of the 14 introns in the starch (glycogen) phosphorylase gene from plants is found at the same position as any of the 19 introns in the animal gene. There is also no obvious correlation between exons and protein domains.
-
(1990)
Mol Gen Genet
, vol.224
, pp. 33-39
-
-
Camirand1
St-Pierre2
Marineau3
Brisson4
-
18
-
-
0025677244
-
Structure and Differential Expression of Two Genes Encoding Carbonic Anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
-
of interest, The ten introns in the plant carbonic anhydrase gene share no positional homology with the six introns found in the animal gene.
-
(1990)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.87
, pp. 9779-9783
-
-
Fujiwara1
Fukuzawa2
Tachiki3
Miyachi4
-
19
-
-
0025344078
-
Organization of Rat Uricase Chromosomal Gene Differs Greatly From that of the Corresponding Plant Gene
-
of interest, There are no shared intron positions between the uricase genes of animals and plants, each of which contains seven introns.
-
(1990)
FEBS Letters
, vol.264
, pp. 156-158
-
-
Motojiima1
Goto2
-
20
-
-
0022416122
-
Exon Shuffling and Intron Insertion in Serine Protease Genes
-
(1985)
Nature
, vol.315
, pp. 458-459
-
-
Rogers1
-
21
-
-
0025960522
-
Structure of the Human Laminin B2 Chain Gene Reveals Extensive Divergence From the Laminin B1 Chain Gene
-
of outstanding interest, One of the best examples of intron differences most readily explained by massive, relatively recent intron gains. The genes for laminin B1 and B2 chains result from a gene duplication and have highly similar patterns of domains and internal repeats. Yet, only 3 of the 34 and 28 introns present in the two genes, respectively, are found in the same locations, and there is a lack of correlation between exons and protein domains and internal repeats.
-
(1991)
J Biol Chem
, vol.266
, pp. 221-228
-
-
Kallunki1
Ikonen2
Chow3
Kallunki4
Tryggvason5
-
24
-
-
0025835260
-
Genomic Structure of Chlamydomonas Caltractin Evidence for Intron Insertion Suggests a Probable Genealogy for the EF-Hand Superfamily of Proteins
-
of outstanding interest, A detailed and clear example of the use of phylogenetic reasoning to infer the late insertion of introns at the protosplice sites within many different members of the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-modulated proteins.
-
(1988)
Journal of Molecular Biology
, vol.221
, pp. 175-191
-
-
Lee1
Stapleton2
Huang3
-
25
-
-
0024226883
-
Intron Existence Predated the Divergence of Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
-
(1988)
Science
, vol.242
, pp. 1164-1166
-
-
Shih1
Heinrich2
Goodman3
-
26
-
-
0024997703
-
Compartmentalized Isozyme Genes and the Origin of Introns
-
of outstanding interest, Together with the papers on GAPDH genes [10,25], this paper and the references therein constitute the strongest evidence that specific introns were present in the progenote. Comparison of nuclear homologs for cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isozymes leads to the disputed claim (see text) that two introns in MDH genes predate the divergence of eukaryotes and prokaryotes and the phylogenetically ambiguous statement (again, see text) that five introns in AAT genes could be of equally ancient vintage.
-
(1990)
J Mol Evol
, vol.31
, pp. 205-210
-
-
Iwabe1
Kuma2
Kishino3
Hasegawa4
Miyata5
-
28
-
-
0025833762
-
Molecular Considerations in the Evolution of Bacterial Genes
-
of interest, An analysis of substitution patterns in two genes, including GADPH, from 12 species of enteric bacteria. Includes new sequence data for 11 of the 12 GAPDH genes.
-
(1991)
J Mol Evol
, vol.33
, pp. 241-250
-
-
Lawrence1
Hartl2
Ochman3
-
29
-
-
0025992890
-
Nucleotide Polymorphism and Evolution in the Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gene (gapA) in Natural Populations of Salmonella and Escherichia coli
-
of interest, An analysis of the sequence evolution of 29 newly sequenced GAPDH genes from two bacterial taxa. Includes references to sources of other bacterial GAPDH gene sequences.
-
(1991)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.88
, pp. 6667-6671
-
-
Nelson1
Whittman2
Selander3
-
30
-
-
0025358097
-
The Complete DNA Sequence of the Mitochondrial Genome of Podospora anserina
-
of interest, This paper together with [31]highlights the highly variable and idiosyncratic distribution of group I and group II introns in fungal mitochondrial genomes.
-
(1990)
Curr Genet
, vol.17
, pp. 375-402
-
-
Cummings1
McNally2
Domenico3
Matsuura4
-
31
-
-
0026058426
-
Distribution of Mitochondrial Intron Sequences Among 21 Yeast Species
-
of interest, This paper together with [30]highlights the highly variable and idiosyncratic distribution of group I and group II introns in fungal mitochondrial genomes.
-
(1991)
Curr Genet
, vol.19
, pp. 89-94
-
-
Skelly1
Maleszka2
-
32
-
-
0025195576
-
The Gain of Two Chloroplast tRNA Introns Marks the Green Algal Ancestors of Land Plants
-
of interest, A clear application of phylogenetic analysis leading to the conclusion that two chloroplast group II introns were inserted into green algal genomes close to the evolutionary point where land plants originated.
-
(1990)
Nature
, vol.345
, pp. 268-270
-
-
Manhart1
Palmer2
-
33
-
-
0001856419
-
Plastid Chromosomes: Structure and Evolution
-
[book], IK Vasil, L Bogord, Academic Press, San Diego, of interest, A compilation of the distribution of introns in chloroplasts genes is used to argue for a recent, certainly postendosymbiotic, insertional gain for virtually all of these introns.
-
(1991)
Cell and Somatic Cell Culture Genetics of Plants, Vol 7A. The Molecular Biology of Plastids
, pp. 5-53
-
-
Palmer1
-
34
-
-
0026111327
-
Group II Twintron: an Intron Within an Intron in a Chloroplast Cytochrome b-559 Gene
-
of interest, The first discovery of an intron within an intron, in this case, both group II introns. Further evidence for the mobility of group II introns.
-
(1991)
EMBO J
, vol.10
, pp. 433-442
-
-
Copertino1
Hallick2
-
35
-
-
0024446859
-
Group I Introns as Mobile Genetic Elements: Facts and Mechanistic Speculations — a Minireview
-
(1989)
Gene
, vol.82
, pp. 91-114
-
-
Dujon1
-
36
-
-
0023054152
-
Phylogenetic Evidence for the Acquisition of Ribosomal RNA Introns Subsequent to the Divergence of Some of the Major Tetrahymena Groups
-
(1986)
EMBO J
, vol.5
, pp. 3625-3630
-
-
Sogin1
Ingold2
Karlok3
Nielsen4
Engberg5
-
37
-
-
0025340541
-
Intron Mobility in Phage T4 is Dependent upon a Distinctive Class of Endonucleases and Independent of DNA Sequences Encoding the Intron Core: Mechanistic and Evolutionary Implications
-
of interest, Presents results and a model for the mobility of the group I introns found in bacteriophage genes.
-
(1990)
Nucleic Acids Res
, vol.18
, pp. 3763-3770
-
-
Bell-Pedersen1
Quirk2
Clyman3
Belfort4
-
38
-
-
0025707121
-
An Ancient Group I Intron Shared by Eubacteria and Chloroplasts
-
of interest, This and the next paper report the first and only discovery of an intron in a eubacterial gene. A group I intron in a tRNA gene is present in all examined cyanobacteria and in most chloroplast lineages; hence, this is also the oldest known intron at > 2 billion years old. Xu et al. [39] also show that this intron is self-splicing in cyanobacteria.
-
(1990)
Science
, vol.250
, pp. 1570-1573
-
-
Kuhsel1
Strickland2
Palmer3
-
39
-
-
0025707127
-
Bacterial Origin of a Chloroplast Intron: Conserved Self-Splicing Group I Introns in Cyanobacteria
-
of interest, This and the previous paper report the first and only discovery of an intron in a eubacterial gene. A group I self-splicing intron in a tRNA gene is present in all examined cyanobacteria and in most chloroplast lineages; hence, this is also the oldest known intron at > 2 billion years old.
-
(1990)
Science
, vol.250
, pp. 1566-1570
-
-
Xu1
Kathe2
Goodrich-Blair3
Nierzwicki-Bauer4
Shub5
-
41
-
-
0025807187
-
Counting and Discounting the Universe of Exons
-
of outstanding interest, A rebuttal by Doolittle (see also [7]), followed by a response from Dorit et al., of the latter's attempt [3] to estimate the size of the ‘exon universe’.
-
(1991)
Science
, vol.253
, pp. 677-680
-
-
Doolittle1
Dorit2
Schoenbach3
Gilbert4
-
42
-
-
13244292544
-
Modular Exchange Principles in Proteins
-
of outstanding interest, A detailed review of examples and principles of the evolutionary exchange of modules between proteins and the role of introns in facilitating this process.
-
(1991)
Curr Opinion Struct Biol
, vol.1
, pp. 351-361
-
-
Patthy1
-
43
-
-
0025097912
-
Reverse Self-Splicing of Group II Intron RNAs In Vitro
-
of interest, This paper together with [44,45]provides the first experimental evidence that group I and group II introns can insert themselves in vitro into intronless genes via a reversal of the standard self-splicing reaction. Woodson and Cech [45] provide an excellent discussion of the evolutionary implications of this work.
-
(1990)
Nature
, vol.343
, pp. 383-386
-
-
Augustin1
Muller2
Schweyen3
-
44
-
-
0025129032
-
Integration of Group II Intron b11 Into a Foreign RNA by Reversal of the Self-Splicing Reaction In Vitro
-
of interest, This paper together with [43,45]provides the first experimental evidence that group I and group II introns can insert themselves in vitro into intronless genes via a reversal of the standard self-splicing reaction. Woodson and Cech [45] provide an excellent discussion of the evolutionary implications of this work.
-
(1990)
Cell
, vol.60
, pp. 629-636
-
-
Morl1
Schmelzer2
-
45
-
-
0024975570
-
Reverse Self-Splicing of the Tetrahymena Group I Intron: Implication for the Directionality of Splicing and for Intron Transposition
-
(1989)
Cell
, vol.57
, pp. 335-345
-
-
Woodson1
Cech2
-
46
-
-
0025979665
-
RNA Editing: World's Smallest Introns?
-
of interest, Develops the hypothesis that RNA editing of kinetoplast RNAs, which involves the addition of one to a few nucleotides, may occur by a transesterification mechanism analogous to the reversal of the self-splicing mechanism of group I and group II intons.
-
(1991)
Cell
, vol.64
, pp. 667-669
-
-
Cech1
-
47
-
-
0025824238
-
Chimeric gRNA-mRNA Molecules with Oligo(U) Tails Covalently Linked at Sites of RNA Editing Suggest that U Addition Occurs by Transesterification
-
of interest, Provides experimental evidence in support of Cech's hypothesis [46] that RNA editing insertions in kinetoplasts are the ‘World's smallest introns’.
-
(1991)
Cell
, vol.65
, pp. 543-550
-
-
Blum1
Sturm2
Simpson3
Simpson4
-
48
-
-
0024365086
-
How Were Introns Inserted Into Nuclear Genes?
-
(1989)
Trends Genet
, vol.5
, pp. 213-216
-
-
Rogers1
-
49
-
-
0024446860
-
The Splicing of Maize Transposable Elements from pre-mRNA —a Mini-review
-
(1989)
Gene
, vol.82
, pp. 127-133
-
-
Wessler1
-
50
-
-
0025074950
-
The En/Spm Transposable Element of Zea mays Contains Splice Sites at the Termini Generating a Novel Intron from a dSpm Element in the A2 Gene
-
of interest, One of the most clear-cut examples of a transposon insertion that behaves like an intron.
-
(1990)
EMBO J
, vol.9
, pp. 3051-3057
-
-
Menssen1
Hohmann2
Martin3
Schnable4
Peterson5
Saedler6
Gierl7
-
51
-
-
0025219233
-
A Retrotransposon 412 Insertion within an Exon of the Drosophila Melanogaster Vermilion Gene is Spliced from the Precursor RNA
-
of interest, A retrovirus-like transposable element behaves as an intron by virtue of being spliced from RNA using splice donor and acceptor sites located near the ends of the transposon.
-
(1990)
Genes Devel
, vol.4
, pp. 559-566
-
-
Fridell1
Pret2
Searles3
-
52
-
-
0025763867
-
mRNA-type Introns in U6 Small Nuclear RNA Genes: Implications for the Catalysis in pre-mRNA Splicing
-
of interest, This survey of 52 organisms shows that each of the six mRNA-type introns present in U6 RNA genes is restricted to a single fungal lineage, consistent with the hypothesis that these introns originated via insertion of an excised intron during pre-mRNA splicing.
-
(1991)
Genes Dev
, vol.5
, pp. 1022-1031
-
-
Tani1
Ohshima2
-
53
-
-
0025001918
-
Two Domains of Yeast U6 Small Nuclear RNA Required for Both Steps of Nuclear Precursor Messenger RNA Splicing
-
of interest, The first evidence that any of the spliceosomal snRNAs are in any sense catalytic.
-
(1990)
Science
, vol.250
, pp. 404-409
-
-
Fabrizio1
Abelson2
-
54
-
-
0024995219
-
Self-Splicing Group II and Nuclear pre-mRNA Introns How Similar are They?
-
of outstanding interest, An excellent, balanced review of the hypothesis that group II introns gave rise to nuclear pre-mRNA introns.
-
(1990)
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
, vol.15
, pp. 351-354
-
-
Jaquier1
-
55
-
-
0026423013
-
Messenger RNA Splicing in Yeast: Clues to Why the Spliceosome is a Ribonucleoprotein
-
of interest, A recent review summarizing evidence consistent with the hypothesis that nuclear introns and spliceosomes are degenerate forms of group II introns.
-
(1991)
Science
, vol.253
, pp. 157-163
-
-
Guthrie1
-
56
-
-
0025803701
-
A Small Chloroplast RNA May be Required for Trans-Splicing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
-
of outstanding interest, An important discovery of a unique, tripartite group II intron in chloroplasts that consists of both cis-and trans-acting sequences. This provides an excellent example of the kind of intermediate that may have existed during the hypothetical evolution of nuclear introns from group II introns.
-
(1991)
Cell
, vol.65
, pp. 135-143
-
-
Goldschmidt-Clermont1
Choquet2
Girard-Basou3
Michel4
Schirmer-Rahire5
Rochaix6
-
57
-
-
0024967333
-
Euglena gracilis Chloroplast Ribosomal Protein Operon: a New Chloroplast Gene for Ribosomal Protein L5 and Description of a Novel Organelle Intron Category Designated Group III
-
(1989)
Nucleic Acids Res
, vol.17
, pp. 7591-7608
-
-
Christopher1
Hallick2
-
59
-
-
0025004279
-
Spliced Leader RNA Sequences Can Substitute For the Essential 5′ End of U1 RNA During Splicing in a Mammalian In Vitro System
-
of interest, Presents the strongest experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis that SL RNA-mediated splicing might be intermediate between group II self-splicing and splicesome-dependent cis-splicing.
-
(1990)
Cell
, vol.62
, pp. 889-899
-
-
Bruzik1
Steitz2
|