Surface Reflection: Physical and Geometrical Perspectives

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

Volumn 13, Issue 7, 1991, Pages 611-634

  Naya, Shree K ^a   Ikeuch, Katsushi ^b   Kanade, Takeo ^b  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Beckmann Spizzichino model; electromagnetic; geometrical optics; machine vision; physical optics; primary reflection components; radiometry; surface reflection; surface roughness; Torrance Sparrow model; unified reflectance framework; waves

Indexed keywords

LIGHT - REFLECTION; OPTICS - MATHEMATICAL MODELS; SURFACES - MATHEMATICAL MODELS;

BECKMANN-SPIZZICHINO MODEL; GEOMETRIC OPTICS; PHYSICAL OPTICS; REFLECTANCE MODELS; SURFACE ROUGHNESS; TORRANCE-SPARROW MODEL;

COMPUTER VISION;

EID: 0026189274     PISSN: 01628828     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/34.85654     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. P. Beckmann and A. Spizzochino, The Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces, New York: Pergamon, 1963.
2. J. M. Bennett and L. Mattsson, Introduction to Surface Roughness and Scattering, Washington, DC: Optical Soc. Amer., 1989.
3. R.C. Birkebak and E. R. G. Eckert, “Effects of roughness of metal surfaces on angular distribution of monochromatic reflected radiation,” J. Heat Transfer, 87, pp 85–94, Feb. 1965.
4. E. V. Bohn, Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields and Waves, Read-ing, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1967.
5. S. Chandrashekar, Radiative Transfer, New York: Dover, 1960.
6. E. N. Coleman and R. Jain, “Obtaining 3-dimensional shape of textured and specular surface using four-source photometry,” Comput. Graphics Image Processing, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 309–328, Apr. 1982.
7. R. L. Cook and K. E. Torrance, “A reflectance model for computer graphics,” ACM Comput. Graphics, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 307–316, 1981.
8. H. Davies, “The reflection of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces,” Proc. IEEE, Pt III, vol. 101, pp. 209–214, 1954.
9. W. G. Egan, T. Hilgeman, and J. Reichman, “Determination of absorption and scattering coefficients for nonhomogeneous media. 1: Experiment,” Appl. Opt., vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 1816–1823, Aug. 1973.
10. G. Healey and T. O. Binford, “Local shape for specularity,” in Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, vol. 2, Feb. 1987, pp. 874–887.
11. B.K. P. Horn, “Shape from shading: A method for obtaining the shape of a smooth opaque object from one view,” MIT Project MAC Int. Rep. TR-79 and MIT AI Lab. Tech. Rep. 232, Nov. 1970.
12. B. K. P. Horn and R. W. Sjoberg, “Calculating the reflectance map,” Appl. Opt., vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 1770–1779, June 1979.
13. B.K.P. Horn, “Hill shading and the reflectance map.” vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 14–47, Jan. 1981.
14. B.K.P. Horn, Robot Vision, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986.
15. B. K. P. Horn, and M. J. Brooks, Eds., Shape from Shading, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989.
16. A.F. Houchens and R. G. Hering, “Bidirectional reflectance of rough metal surfaces,” in Thermophysics of spacecraft and planetary bodies, New York: G. B. Heller, Eds. Academic, 1967.
17. K. Ikeuchi, “Determining surface orientations of specular surfaces by using the photometric stereo method,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 661–669, Nov. 1981.
18. P. Kubelka and F. Munk, “Ein Beitrag sur Optik der Farbanstriche,” Z. Phys., vol. 12, 593, 1931.
19. J. H. Lambert, Photometria sive de mensura de gratibus luminis, colorum et umbrae., Augsberg, Germany: Eberhard Klett, 1760.
20. S. K. Nayar, A. C. Sanderson, L. E. Weiss, and D. D. Simon, “Specular surface inspection using structured highlight and Gaussian images,” IEEE Trans. Robotics Automat., vol. 6, no. 2, 208–218, 1990.
21. S. K. Nayar, K.Ikeuchi, and T. Kanade, “Determining shape and reflectance of hybrid surfaces by photometric sampling,” IEEE Trans. Robotics Automat., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 418–431, Aug. 1990.
22. S. K. Nayar, K.Ikeuchi, and T. Kanade, “Surface reflection: Physical and geometrical perspectives,” Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, 185–212, Sept. 1990.
23. F. E. Nicodemus, J. C. Richmond, J. J. Hsia, I.W. Ginsberg, and T. Limperis, “Geometrical considerations and nomenclature for reflectance,” NBS Monograph 160, National Bureau of Standards, Oct. 1977.
24. A. P. Pentland, “Local shading analysis,” IEEE Trans, on Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 170–187, Mar. 1984.
25. B. Phong, “Illumination for computer generated pictures,” Commun. ACM, vol. 18, pp. 311–317, 1975.
26. American Institute of Physics Handbook., New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972.
27. J. Reichman, “Determination of absorption and scattering coefficients for nonhomogeneous media. 1: Theory,” Appl. Opt., vol 12, no. 8, pp. 1811–1815, Aug. 1973.
28. W. A. Rense, “Polarization studies of light diffusely reflected from ground and etched glass surfaces,” J. Opt. Soc. Amer. vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 55–59, Jan. 1950.
29. A. C. Sanderson, L.E. Weiss, and S. K. Nayar, “Structured highlight inspection of specular surfaces,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. New York: vol. 10, no. 1, 44–55, Jan. 1988.
30. R. Siegel and J. R. Howell, Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972.
31. W. M. Silver, “Determining shape and reflectance using multiple images,” S.M. thesis, Dept, of Elec. Eng. and Comput. Sci., MIT, Cambridge, MA, June 1980.
32. B. G. Smith, “Geometrical shadowing of a random rough surface,” IEEE Trans, on Antennas Propagat., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 668–671, Sept. 1967.
33. E. Sparrow and R. Cess, Radiation Heat Transfer, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978.
34. J. M. Stone, Radiation and Optics, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
35. H. D. Tagare and Rui J. P. deFigueriedo, “A framework for the construction of general reflectance maps for machine vision,” Tech. Rep. Dept, of Elect, and Comput. Eng., Rice University, Houston, TX, 1988.
36. H. D. Tagare and Rui J. P. de Figueriedo, “Simultaneous estimation of shape and reflectance maps from photometric stereo,” in Proc. 3rdlnt. Conf. Comput. Vision pp. 340–343, Dec. 1988.
37. K. Torrance and E. Sparrow, “Off-specular peaks in the directional distribution of reflected thermal radiation,” J. Heat Transfer, pp. 223–230, May 1966.
38. K. Torrance and E. Sparrow, “Theory for off-specular reflection from roughened surfaces,” J. Opt. Soc. Amer., no. 57, pp. 1105–1114, 1967.
39. L. B. Wolff, “Spectal and polarization stereo methods using a single light source,” in Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, vol. 2, Feb. 1987, pp. 81–820.
40. R. J. Woodham, “Photometric stereo: A reflectance map technique for determining surface orientation from image intensity,” Proc. SPIE, vol. 155, pp. 136–143, 1978