Intrahemispheric and interhemispheric spread of cerebral cortical myoclonic activity and its relevance to epilepsy

Brain

Volumn 114, Issue 5, 1991, Pages 2333-2351

  Brown, P ^a,b   Day, B L ^a   Rothwell, J C ^a   Thompson, P D ^a,b   Marsden, C D ^a,b  

^a MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROMYOGRAM; ELECTROSTIMULATION; HUMAN; LATENT PERIOD; LIMB MOVEMENT; MYOCLONUS; NERVE CONDUCTION; PATHOLOGICAL REFLEX; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFLEX DISORDER; SEIZURE; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX;

ADULT; AGED; ARM; CORPUS CALLOSUM; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; EPILEPSY; FUNCTIONAL LATERALITY; HUMANS; LEG; MIDDLE AGED; MOVEMENT; MUSCLES; MYOCLONUS; NEURAL PATHWAYS; PERIPHERAL NERVES; REACTION TIME; REFLEX; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX;

EID: 0025993230     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/114.5.2333     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Barker AT, Jaunous R, Freeston IL (1985) Non-invasive magnetic stimulation of human motor cortex. Lancet, 1, 1106-1107
2. Bird TD, Shaw CM (1978) Progressive myoclonus and epilepsy with dentatorubral degeneration: a clinicopathological study of the Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 41, 140-149
3. Brazier MAB (1972) Spread of seizure discharges in epilepsy: anatomical and electrophysiological considerations. Experimental Neurology, 36, 263-272
4. Brodal A (1981) Neurological Anatomy: In Relation to Clinical Medicine. Third edition. New York: Oxford University Press
5. Chauvel P, Louvel J, Lamarche M (1978) Transcortical reflexes and focal motor epilepsy. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 45, 309-318
6. Coluns RC (1978) Kindling of neuroanatomic pathways during recurrent focal penicillin seizures. Brain Research, Amsterdam, 150, 503-517
7. Collins RC (1978) Use of cortical circuits during focal penicillin seizures: an autoradiographic study with [14C]deoxyglucose. Brain Research, Amsterdam, 150, 487-501
8. Cracco RQ, Amassian VE, Maccabee PJ, Cracco JB (1989) Comparison of human transcallosal responses evoked by magnetic coil and electrical stimulation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 74, 417-424
9. Day BL, Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, Dick JPR, Cowan JMA, Berardelli A et al. (1987) Motor cortex stimulation in intact man: 2. Multiple descending volleys. Brain, 110, 1191-1209
10. DeFelipe J, Conley M, Jones EG (1986) Long-range focal collateralization of axons arising from corticocortical cells in monkey sensory-motor cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 6, 3749-3766
11. Deuschl G, Schenck E, Locking CH, Ebner A (1987) Cortical reflex myoclonus and its relation to normal long-latency reflexes. In: Motor Disturbances I. Edited by R. Benecke, B. Conrad and C. D. Marsden. London: Academic Press, pp. 305-319
12. Erickson TC (1940) Spread of the epileptic discharge: an experimental study of the after-discharge induced by electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, Chicago, 43, 429-452
13. Ferbert A, PRtORi A, Rothwell JC, Colebatch J, Day BL, Marsden CD (1990) Trans-callosal effects on motor cortical excitability in man. Journal of Physiology, London, 429, 39P
14. Gabbott PLA, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D (1987) Connections between pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of cat visual cortex (area 17). Journal of Comparative Neurology, 259, 364-381
15. Gasser HS (1950) Unmedullated fibers originating in dorsal root ganglia. Journal of General Physiology, 33, 651-690
16. Gotman J (1981) Interhemispheric relations during bilateral spike-and-wave activity. Epilepsia, 22, 453-466
17. Gotman J (1983) Measurement of small time differences between EEG channels: method and application to epileptic seizure propagation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 56, 501 -514
18. Gould HJ, Cusick CG, Pons TP, Kaas JH (1986) The relationship of corpus callosum connections to electrical stimulation maps of motor, supplementary motor, and the frontal eye fields in owl monkeys. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 247, 297-325
19. Hallett M, Chadwick D, Marsden CD (1979) Cortical reflex myoclonus. Neurology, New York, 29, 1107-1125
20. Hauw JJ, Escourolle R, Baulac M, Morel-Maroger A, Goulon M, Castaigne P (1986) Postmortem studies on post-hypoxic and post-methyl bromide intoxication: case reports. Advances in Neurology, 43, 201-214
21. Hess CW, Mills KR, Murray NMF (1987) Responses in small hand muscles from magnetic stimulation of the human brain. Journal of Physiology, London, 388, 397-419
22. Hunt JR (1921) Dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica-primary atrophy of the dentate system: a contribution to the pathology and symptomatology of the cerebellum. Brain, 44, 490-538
23. Jenner P, Leigh PN, Marsden CD, Reavill C (1981) Cortical involvement in forepaw myoclonus induced by intrastriatal administration of picrotoxin to rats. British Journal of Pharmacology, 72, 503-504P
24. Jenny AB (1979) Commissural projections of the cortical hand motor area in monkeys. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 188, 137-146
25. Jones EG (1985) The Thalamus. New York: Plenum Press
26. Jones EG, Powell TPS (1969) Connexions of the somatic sensory cortex of the rhesus monkey: II.-contralateral cortical connexions. Brain, 92, 717-730
27. Jones EG, Coulter JD, Hendry SHC (1978) Intracortical connectivity of architectonic fields in the somatic sensory, motor and parietal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 181, 291 -347
28. Kang Y, Endo K, Araki T (1988) Excitatory synaptic actions between pairs of neighboring pyramidal tract cells in the motor cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 59, 636-647
29. Karol EA, Pandya DN (1971) The distribution of the corpus callosum in the rhesus monkey. Brain, 94, 471-486
30. KjsvXrday ZF, Martin KAC, Freund TF, Maglôczky Z, Whitteridge D, Somogyi P (1986) Synaptic targets of HRP-filled layer III pyramidal cells in the cat striate cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 64, 541-552
31. Kugelberg E, Widén L (1954) Epilepsia partialis continua. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 6, 503-506
32. Künzle H (1975) Bilateral projections from precentral motor cortex to the putamen and other parts of the basal ganglia. An autoradiographic study in Macaca fascicularis. Brain Research, Amsterdam, 88, 195 - 209
33. Lance JW, Adams RD (1963) The syndrome of intention or action myoclonus as a sequel to hypoxic encephalopathy. Brain, 86, 111-136
34. Lhermitte F, Talairach J, Buser P, Gautier J-C, Bancaud J, Gras R et al. (1971) Myoclonies d’intention et d’action post-anoxiques: étude stéréotaxique et destruction du noyau ventral latéral du thalamus. Revue Neurologique, 124, 5-20
35. Marcus EM, Watson CW (1968) Symmetrical epileptogenic foci in monkey cerebral cortex. Archives of Neurology, Chicago, 19, 99-116
36. Milhorat TH (1967) Experimental myoclonus of thalamic origin. Archives of Neurology, Chicago, 17, 365-378
37. Mott FW, Schaefer EA (1980) On movements resulting from faradic excitation of the corpus callosum in monkeys. Brain, 13, 174-177
38. Obeso JA, Rothwell JC, Marsden CD (1985) The spectrum of cortical myoclonus. Brain, 108, 193 -224
39. Pagni CA, Marossero F, Cabrini G, Ettorre G, Infuso L (1971) Physiopathology of stimulus sensitive myoclonus: a stereo-EEG study. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 31, 176
40. Paintal AS (1978) Conduction properties of normal peripheral mammalian axons. In: Physiology and Pathobiology of Axons. Edited by S. G. Waxman. New York: Raven Press, pp. 131-144
41. Pandya DN, Vignolo LA (1969) Interhemispheric projections of the parietal lobe in the rhesus monkey. Brain Research, Amsterdam, 15, 49-65
42. Patel S, Slater P (1987) Analysis of the brain regions involved in myoclonus produced by intracerebral picrotoxin. Neuroscience, 20, 687-693
43. Penfield W, Boldrey E (1937) Somatic motor and sensory representation in the cerebral cortex of man as studied by electrical stimulation. Brain, 60, 389 -443
44. Purpura DP, Girado M (1959) Synaptic mechanisms involved in transcallosal activation of corticospinal neurons. Archives Italiennes de Biologie, 97, 111-139
45. Rosenblueth A, Cannon WB (1942) Cortical responses to electric stimulation. American Journal of Physiology, 135, 690-741
46. Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, Day BL, Dick JPR, Kachi T, Cowan JMA et al. (1987) Motor cortex stimulation in intact man: 1. General characteristics of EMG responses in different muscles. Brain, 110, 1173-1190
47. Shanks MF, Rockel AJ, Powell TPS (1975) The commissural fibre connections of the primary somatic sensory cortex. Brain Research, Amsterdam, 98, 166-171
48. Shibasaki H, Yamashita Y, Kuroiwa Y (1978) Electroencephalographic studies of myoclonus: myoclonus- related cortical spikes and high amplitude somatosensory evoked potentials. Brain, 101, 447 -460
49. Shibasaki H, Yamashita Y, Neshige R, Tobimatsu S, Fukui R (1985) Pathogenesis of giant somatosensory evoked potentials in progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Brain, 108, 225 -240
50. Spidauerj G, Guandauni P, Franchi G (1986) Motor responses mediated by orthodromic and antidromic activation of the rostral portion of the cat corpus callosum. Experimental Brain Research, 64, 133-142
51. Sutton GG, Mayer RF (1974) Focal reflex myoclonus. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 37, 207-217
52. Thompson PD (1991) Motor Cortex Stimulation in Man. Ph.D. thesis, University of London
53. Thompson PD, Maertens de Noordhout A, Day BL, Rothwell JC, Van der Kamp W, Marsden CD (1989) Clinical and electrophysiological observations in post-anoxic myoclonus. In: Neural Mechanisms in Disorders of Movement. Edited by A. R. Crossman and M. A. Sambrook. London: John Libbey, pp. 375-381
54. Ugawa Y, Genba K, Shimpo T, Mannen T (1991) Somatosensory evoked potential recovery (SEP-R) in myoclonic patients. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 80, 21-25
55. Van Wagenen WP, Herren RY (1940) Surgical divison of commissural pathways in the corpus callosum: relation to spread of an epileptic attack. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, Chicago, 44, 740-759
56. Vogt BA, Pandya DN (1978) Cortico-cortical connections of somatic sensory cortex (areas 3, 1 and 2) in the rhesus monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 177, 179-191
57. Wada JA, Sato M (1975) The generalized convulsive seizure state induced by daily electrical stimulation of the amygdala in split brain cats. Epilepsia, 16, 417-430
58. Wada JA, Nakashima T, Kaneko Y (1982) Forebrain bisection and feline amygdaloid kindling. Epilepsia, 23, 521-530
59. Wada JA, Mizoguchi T (1984) Limbic kindling in the forebrain-bisected photosensitive baboon, Papio papio. Epilepsia, 25, 278-287
60. Wada JA, Komai S (1985) Effect of anterior 2/3 callosal bisection upon amygdaloid kindling primarily generalized convulsions in the epileptic baboon, Papio papio. In: Epilepsy and the Corpus Callosum. Edited by A. G. Reeves. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 75-97
61. Waxman SG, Bennett MLV (1972) Relative conduction velocities of small myelinated and non-myelinated fibres in the central nervous system. Nature: New Biology, 238, 217-219
62. Wilkins DE, Hallett M, Berardelu A, Walshe T, Alvarez N (1984) Physiologic analysis of the myoclonus of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, Cleveland, 34, 898-903
63. Wilson DH, Reeves AG, Gazzaniga MS (1982) ‘Central’ commissurotomy for intractable generalized epilepsy: series two. Neurology, New York, 32, 687-697
64. Woolsey CN (1958) Organization of somatic sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex. In: Biological and Biochemical Bases of Behavior. Edited by H. F. Harlow and C. N. Woolsey. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, pp. 63-81
65. Woolsey CN (1964) Cortical localization as defined by evoked potential and electrical stimulation studies. In: Cerebral Localization and Organization. Edited by G. Schaltenbrand and C. N. Woolsey. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, pp. 17-26