Patenting medical technology

Journal of Legal Medicine

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 1990, Pages 263-319

  Noonan, William D ^a  

^a Klarquist Sparkman Campbell Leigh and Whinston ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; JURISPRUDENCE; LAW; MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 18TH CENT.; HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 19TH CENT.; HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 20TH CENT.; OWNERSHIP; PATENTS; TECHNOLOGY, MEDICAL; TECHNOLOGY, PHARMACEUTICAL; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0025630673     PISSN: 01947648     EISSN: 1521057X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01947649009510830     Document Type: Article

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107. von Bramer, 127 F.2d at 152
108. Brown, 329 F.2d 1066 (C.C.P.A. 1964)
109. LeGrice, 301 F.2d 929, 936 (C.C.P.A. 1962)
110. Arkley, 455 F.2d 586 (C.C.P.A. 1972)
111. Sheppard, 339 F.2d 238 (C.C.P.A. 1964)
112. Hoeksema, 399 F.2d 269 (C.C.P.A. 1968)
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114. Yale, 434 F.2d 666 (C.C.P.A. 1970)
115. Garfinkel, 437 F.2d 1000 (C.C.P.A. 1971)
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126. Noonan, supra note 113, at 719 n. 13
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146. Ligett, 121 U.S.P.Q. 324 (BNA)(Pat. Off. Bd. App. 1958)
147. Kaiser, 146 U.S.P.Q. 548 (BNA)(Pat. Off. Bd. App. 1964)
148. Shelton, 121 U.S.P.Q. 526 (BNA) (Pat. Off. Bd. App. 1951)
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150. Papesch, 315 F.2d 381 (C.C.P.A. 1963).
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154. Carabateas, 345 F.2d 1013 (C.C.P.A. 1965)
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158. Albrecht (II), 579 F.2d 92 (C.C.P.A. 1978)
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161. Merck & Co. v. Olin Mathieson Chem. Corp., 253 F.2d 156 (4th Cir. 1958)
162. Merck & Co. v. Chase Chemical Co., 273 F. Supp. 68 (D.N.J. 1967)
163. Kuehmsted v. Farbenfabriken 179 F. 701 (7th Cir. 1910)
164. Parke-Davis & Co. v. H. K. Mulford & Co., 196 F. 496 (2d Cir. 1912)
165. King, 107 F.2d 618 (C.C.P.A. 1939)
166. Selby, 153 U.S.P.Q. 476 (BNA) (Pat. Off. Bd. App. 1966)
167. Waymouth, 499 F.2d 1273 (C.C.P.A. 1974).
168. Hoeschele, 406 F.2d 1403 (C.C.P.A. 1969)
169. Cole, 326 F.2d 769 (C.C.P.A. 1964).
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171. Touvay, 264 F.2d 901 (C.C.P.A. 1958)
172. Selmi, 156 F.2d 96 (C.C.P.A. 1946)
173. Waite, 168 F.2d 104 (C.C.P.A. 1948)
174. H. FORMAN, supra note 7, at 239
175. Wiggins, 397 F.2d 356 (C.C.P.A. 1968)
176. Rosicky, 276 F.2d 656, 660 (C.C.P.A. 1960).
177. Shetty, 566 F.2d 81 (C.C.P.A. 1977)
178. Grahm v. John Deere, 383 U. S. 1 (1966)
179. Felton, 484 F.2d 495 (C.C.P.A. 1973).
180. Noznick, 478 F.2d 1260 (C.C.P.A. 1973)
181. Godehn, 107 U.S.P.Q. 286 (BNA) (Pat. Off. Bd. App. 1955)
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185. H. FORMAN, supra note 7, at 247.
186. Grahm v. John Deere, 383 U.S. 1 (1966)
187. Calmar & Colgate-Palmolive Co. v. Cook Chemical Co., 383 U. S. 1 (1966);
188. United States v. Adams, 383 U.S. 39 (1966).
189. Noonan, supra note 113, at 721.
190. Hutt, The Importance of Patent Term Restoration to Pharmaceutical Innovation, 1 HEALTH AFFAIRS 6 (1982).
191. Vickery, supra note 43, at S-30
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193. Spivey & Trimble, Effect of the Drug Price Competition Act on Market Exclusivity of New Drugs: A Simulation, 20 DRUG INFO. J. 27, 31 (1986).
194. Lourie, Patent Term Restoration, 66 J. PAT. O FF. SOC'Y 526 (1984)
195. Lourie, Patent Term Restoration-The First Two Years, 68 J. PAT. OFF. SOCY 538 (1986)
196. Lourie, A Review of Recent Patent Term Extension Data, 71 J. PAT. & TRADEMARK OFF. SOCY 171 (1989);
197. Mattison, Pharmaceutical Innovation and Generic Drug Competition in the USA: Effects of the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, 1 PHARMACEUTICAL MED. 177 (1986)
198. Spivey & Trimble, supra note 151, at 30
199. Hutt, supra note 149, at 13.
200. Senate Bill Proposes Amendment to Patent Term Restoration Act, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) 422 (Aug. 2 5, 1988)
201. Jucker, supra note 25, at 93
202. Pharmaceutical Group Charges Korea, 35 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) N O. 872, at 411 (Mar. 17, 1988);
203. Reagan Decides to Impose Trade Sanctions Against Brazil, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 890, at 325 (July 28, 1988)
204. Investigation on Argentine Patent Law Protection, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 893, at 406 (Aug. 18, 1988);
205. President Reagan Imposes Sanctions on Brazilian Goods for Patent Piracy, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 903, at 745 (Oct. 27, 1988)
206. Thailand Denied Certain GSP Benefits for Weak Intellectual Property Laws, 37 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 915, at 279 (Jan. 26, 1989).
207. Noonan, supra note 113, at 720-22.
208. J. WATSON & J. TOOLE, THE DNA STORY 17, 25 - 27, & 244 (1981).
209. I. COOPER, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND T HE LAW 2.12 (1988)
210. Fund v. Quigg, No. 88-2938 (D.C. Calif. Jan. 26, 1988)
211. Animal Patents Rule Was Properly Issued Without Notice and Comment, 37 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 916, at 295 (Feb. 2, 1989).
212. Patents and the Constitution: Transgenic Animals: Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice of the House of Representatives Comm. on the Judiciary, 100th Cong., 1st Sess., at 64 - 65 (1987)
213. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 133.
214. Researcher Warns of Brave New World of Genetics, K. C. Times, Mar. 31, 1978, at 1
215. Adler, supra note 5, at 287, 292
216. I. COOPER, supra note 178, 2.02
217. Bergy, 563 F.2d 1031 (C.C.P.A. 1977)
218. D. CHISUM, supra note 14, 1.02[7]
219. Mancy, 499 F.2d 1289, 1294 (C.C.P.A. 1974)
220. Guaranty Trust Co. of New York v. Union Solvents Corp., 54 F.2d 400, 410 (D. Del. 1931)
221. Latimer, 1889 Dec. Comm'r Pat. 123, 125.
222. Bergy, 563 F.2d 1031, 1033 (C.C.P.A. 1977).
223. Bergy, 563 F.2d 1031 (C.C.P.A. 1977)
224. Parker v. Bergy, 438 U. S. 902 (1978)
225. Bergy, 596 F.2d 952
226. Parker v. Bergy, 444 U.S. 924 (1979)
227. Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 444 U. S. 1028 (1980).
228. Noonan, In re Bergy: Legal Control of Life, 47 UMKC L. REV. 130, 142 (1978).
229. Hibberd, 227 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 443, 444 (Bd. App. & Int. 1985)
230. Allen, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d (BNA) 1425 (Bd. App. & Int. 1987)
231. aff'd in unpublished order, 846 F.2d 77 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
232. Nonnaturally Occurring Non-Human Animals Are Patentable Under 101, 33 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 827, at 664 (Apr. 23, 1987)
233. Booth, Animals of Invention, 240 SCIENCE 718 (1988).
234. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 55.
235. Genetic Patents, the Old…, 304 NATURE 674 (1983).
236. Stanford's Gene Patents Hit Snags, 218 SCIENCE 868 (1982).
237. Barinaga, Stanford Still on Top, 332 NATURE 192 (1988)
238. Blumenthal, Epstein, & Maxwell, Commercializing University Research, 314 NEW. ENG. J. MED. 1621, 1623 (1986).
239. House Panel Examines Patent Office Backlog and its Impact on Biotech Firms, 35 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) NO. 874, at 458 (Mar. 31, 1988).
240. Patent Claim Buildup Haunts Biotechnology, 239 SCIENCE 723 (1988).
241. Crawford, Patent Backlog: Solution Pending, 242 SCIENCE 1374 (1988).
242. House Panel, supra note 203, at 458.
243. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 63-64
244. McMahon, Patents Better Protected, but Look Who's Getting Them, Wall St. J., Mar. 4, 1986, at 30, col. 5.
245. House Panel, supra note 203, at 458
246. D. Quigg, Commissioner's Annual Report to the American Bar Association, reprinted in 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) NO. 894, at 431-34 (Aug. 25, 1988)
247. Biotech Institute is Established to Train Examiners in Law and Technology, 37 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 920, at 431 (Mar. 2, 1989)
248. Patent Laws, Act of July 19, 1952, c.950, 66 Stat. 792
249. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 60.
250. CONG. REC. S7268 (amendment No. 245, daily ed. May 28, 1987)
251. Senate Votes Moratorium on Patenting of Animals, 34 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 833, at 124 (June 4, 1987).
252. PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 838, at 277 (July 16, 1987).
253. House Bill Would Impose Two-Year Moratorium on Patenting Animals, 34 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 841, at 351 (Aug. 6, 1987)
254. House Panel Holds Third Hearing on Animal Patents, 34 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 845, at 460 (Sept. 3, 1987);
255. House Panel Resumes Hearings on Animal Patenting Issue, 34 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 840, at 321 (July 30, 1987);
256. Hearing Ponders Patentability of Genetically Altered Animals, 34 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 835, at 191 (June 18, 1987).
257. Bill on Animal Patents Is Approved by House Panel, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 888, at 271 (July 14, 1988);
258. House Passes Animal Patent Bill, 36 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 897, at 485 (Sept. 15, 1988);
259. Two Bills and OTA Report Address Animal Patents Issues, 37 PAT. TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT J. (BNA) No. 923, at 521 (Mar. 23, 1989).
260. Crawford, Patent Backlog: Solution Pending, 242 SCIENCE 1374 (1988).
261. Crespi, Microbiological Inventions and the Patent Law: The International Dimension, 3 BIOTECH. & GENETIC ENO. REV. 1, 16 (1985)
262. Adler, Controlling the Applications of Biotechnology: A Critical Analysis of the Proposed Moratorium on Animal Patenting, 1 HARV. J. LAW & TECH. 1, 10 & n.48 (1988).
263. Stipp, Biotechnology Becomes Business in Transition, Wall St. J., Sept. 3, 1985, at 1, col. 4. 222
264. Argoudelis, 434 F.2d 1390, 1392-93 (C.C.P.A. 1970)
265. MPEP, supra note 33, § 608.01(p)(C).
266. Argoudelis, 434 F.2d at 1393.
267. Old, 229 U.S.P.Q. 196 (BNA) (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1985)
268. MPEP, supra note 33, 608.01(p)(C).
269. Argoudelis, 434 F.2d 1390 (C.C.P.A. 1970).
270. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 146 n.7.
271. Hampar, Patenting of Recombinant DNA Technology: The Deposit Requirement, 67 J. PAT. TRADEMARK OFF. SOC'Y 569 (1985)
272. Forman, 230 U.S.P.Q. 546 (BNA) (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1986)
273. Rainer, 347 F.2d 574 (C.C.P.A. 1965)
274. Jackson, 217 U.S.P.Q. 804, 807-08 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1982)
275. Kropp, 143 U.S.P.Q. 148, 152 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1959)
276. Erlich, 3 U.S.P.Q.2d 1011, 1014 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1986)
277. Lundak, 773 F.2d 1216 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
278. Wands, 8 U.S.P.Q.2d 1400, 1406 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
279. Tabuchi v. Naubel, 559 F.2d 1183 (C.C.P.A. 1977)
280. Hampar, supra note 238, at 599
281. Old, 229 U.S.P.Q. 196 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1985)
282. Hampar, supra note 238, at 608.
283. PATENTING LIFE, supra note 6, at 93.
284. Old, 229 U.S.P.Q. 196, 200 (BNA)(Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1985).
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