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1
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84953690432
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Ishimaru, Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media (Aca-demic, New York
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1A. Ishimaru, Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media (Aca-demic, New York, 1978
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(1978)
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2
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0020736522
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Theoretical framework for spectrum analysis in ultrasonic tissue characterization
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F. L. Lizzi, M.Greenebaum, E. J. Feleppa, and M. Elbaum, “Theoretical framework for spectrum analysis in ultrasonic tissue characterization,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 1366–1371 (1983
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(1983)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.73
, pp. 1366-1371
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Lizzi, F.L.1
Greenebaum, M.2
Feleppa, E.J.3
Elbaum, M.4
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3
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0023348921
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Relationship of ultrasonic spectral parameters to features of tissue microstructure
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F. L. Lizzi, M. Ostromogilsky, E. J. Feleppa, M. C. Rorke, and M. M. Yaremko, “Relationship of ultrasonic spectral parameters to features of tissue microstructure,” IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr. UFFC-34, 319–329 (1987
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(1987)
IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr. UFFC-34
, pp. 319-329
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Lizzi, F.L.1
Ostromogilsky, M.2
Feleppa, E.J.3
Rorke, M.C.4
Yaremko, M.M.5
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4
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0020800451
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Normalization of ultrasonic scattering measurements to obtain average differential scattering cross sections for tissues
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J. A. Campbell and R. C. Waag, “Normalization of ultrasonic scattering measurements to obtain average differential scattering cross sections for tissues,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 74, 393–399 (1983
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(1983)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.74
, pp. 393-399
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Campbell, J.A.1
Waag, R.C.2
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5
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0021440204
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Ultrasonic scattering properties of three random media with implications for tissue characterizaton
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J. A. Campbell and R. C. Waag, “Ultrasonic scattering properties of three random media with implications for tissue characterizaton,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75, 1879–1886 (1984
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(1984)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.75
, pp. 1879-1886
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Campbell, J.A.1
Waag, R.C.2
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6
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0022534694
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The use of angular scattering measurements to estimate structural parameters of human and animal tissues
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D. K. Nassiri and C. R. Hill, “The use of angular scattering measurements to estimate structural parameters of human and animal tissues,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 2048–2054 (1986
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(1986)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.79
, pp. 2048-2054
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Nassiri, D.K.1
Hill, C.R.2
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7
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0020062460
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Evaluation of backscattering coefficients for excised human tissues: Results, interpretation and associated measurements
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D. Nicholas, “Evaluation of backscattering coefficients for excised human tissues: Results, interpretation and associated measurements,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 8, 17–22 (1979
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(1979)
Ultrasound Med. Biol
, vol.8
, pp. 17-22
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Nicholas, D.1
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8
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0000153263
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Theoretical modeling of the acoustic scattering structure of human liver
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J. C. Bamber, “Theoretical modeling of the acoustic scattering structure of human liver,” Acoust. Lett. 3, 114–119 (1979
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(1979)
Acoust. Lett
, vol.3
, pp. 114-119
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Bamber, J.C.1
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12
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84953690433
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Form factors are often defined in terms of amplitudes instead of intensities. Amplitude form factors are discussed in C. Kittel
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Wiley, New York
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Form factors are often defined in terms of amplitudes instead of intensities. Amplitude form factors are discussed in C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics (Wiley, New York, 1966), p. 66
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(1966)
Introduction to Solid State Physics
, pp. 66
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13
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84955038759
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Sound scattering by solid cylinders and spheres
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Corrections to Eq. (30) noted by Hickling [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34, 1582–1592 (1962)] were implemented
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J. J. Faran, “Sound scattering by solid cylinders and spheres,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 23,405-418 (1951). Corrections to Eq. (30) noted by Hickling [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34, 1582–1592 (1962) ] were implemented
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(1951)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.23
, pp. 405-418
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Faran, J.J.1
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14
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0021708708
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Angular distribution of scattered ultrasound from a single steel sphere in agar gelatin: A comparison between theory and experiment
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T. M.Burke, M. M. Goodsitt, E. L. Madsen, and J. A. Zagzebski, “Angular distribution of scattered ultrasound from a single steel sphere in agar gelatin: A comparison between theory and experiment,” Ultrason. Imag. 6, 342–347 (1984
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(1984)
Ultrason. Imag
, vol.6
, pp. 342-347
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Burke, T.M.1
Goodsitt, M.M.2
Madsen, E.L.3
Zagzebski, J.A.4
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15
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84953682963
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Poisson's ratio for fat was calculated from the equation 1 — x2/2(x-1), where x is the ratio of longitudinal and shear speeds of sound. We used a shear speed for fat of 55 m/s, which is an average taken from the work of Frizzell and Carstensen
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They reported shear speeds of sound for various soft tissues between 9 m/s and 100 m/s. Poisson's ratio for a fluidlike medium that does not support shear waves is v = 0.5
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Poisson's ratio for fat was calculated from the equation 1 — x2/2(x-1), where x is the ratio of longitudinal and shear speeds of sound. We used a shear speed for fat of 55 m/s, which is an average taken from the work of Frizzell and Carstensen [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 1409–1411 (1976)]. They reported shear speeds of sound for various soft tissues between 9 m/s and 100 m/s. Poisson's ratio for a fluidlike medium that does not support shear waves is v = 0.5
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(1976)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.60
, pp. 1409-1411
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16
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0015669506
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Correlation of echographic visualizability of tissue with biological composition and physiological state
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S. Fields and F. Dunn, “Correlation of echographic visualizability of tissue with biological composition and physiological state,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 54, 809–812 (1973
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(1973)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.54
, pp. 809-812
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Fields, S.1
Dunn, F.2
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17
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0018566616
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Determination of the elastic constants of collagen by Brillouin light scattering
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The elastic parameters for collagen reported by Cusack and Miller were measured using mouse-tail tendon and an inelastic light scattering technique. Their value for Young's modulus (5.1 GN/m2) was comparable to that of Harley et al. [Nature 267, 285–287 (1977)] using the same technique (9.0 GN/m2) but was significantly greater than the measurements reported by Burton [Physiology and Biophysics of the Circulation (Year Book Medical, Chicago, 1972), 2nd ed., pp. 65–69] using a mechanical method (0.1 GN/m2). The longitudinal speed of sound measured across the fibers (1890 m/s) was comparable to the measurements of Goss and O'Brien [ J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 65, 507–511 (1979)] using an acoustic microscope (1733 m/s). Using the Cusack and Miller estimate of shear modulus (G = 3.3 GN/m2) and Poisson's ratio (v = 0.42), the compressibility of collagen was calculated using k = 3(1— 2v)/2G(1 + v) and found equal to 5.12 X10-11m2/N. This result is roughly one-third the value for compressibility that is obtained using the longitudinal sound speed along the fibers (2640 m/s) and density (1.12 g/cm3): K= (l/ρC2)[1+2(1 -2v)/(l + v)] = 15.7X10-1m2/N. Still, the similarities between the scattering properties of plastics and collagen remained for the range of properties given above
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S. Cusack and A. Miller, “Determination of the elastic constants of collagen by Brillouin light scattering,” J. Mol. Biol. 135, 39–51 (1979). The elastic parameters for collagen reported by Cusack and Miller were measured using mouse-tail tendon and an inelastic light scattering technique. Their value for Young's modulus (5.1 GN/m2) was comparable to that of Harley et al. [Nature 267, 285–287 (1977)] using the same technique (9.0 GN/m2) but was significantly greater than the measurements reported by Burton [Physiology and Biophysics of the Circulation (Year Book Medical, Chicago, 1972), 2nd ed., pp. 65–69] using a mechanical method (0.1 GN/m2). The longitudinal speed of sound measured across the fibers (1890 m/s) was comparable to the measurements of Goss and O'Brien [ J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 65, 507–511 (1979)] using an acoustic microscope (1733 m/s). Using the Cusack and Miller estimate of shear modulus (G = 3.3 GN/m2) and Poisson's ratio (v = 0.42), the compressibility of collagen was calculated using k = 3(1— 2v)/2G(1 + v) and found equal to 5.12 X10-11m2/N. This result is roughly one-third the value for compressibility that is obtained using the longitudinal sound speed along the fibers (2640 m/s) and density (1.12 g/cm3): K= (l/ρC2)[1+2(1 -2v)/(l + v)] = 15.7X10-1m2/N. Still, the similarities between the scattering properties of plastics and collagen remained for the range of properties given above
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(1979)
J. Mol. Biol
, vol.135
, pp. 39-51
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Cusack, S.1
Miller, A.2
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18
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0001758591
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Theory of focusing radiators
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H. T. O'Neil, “Theory of focusing radiators,”J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 21,516-526 (1949
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(1949)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.21
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O'Neil, H.T.1
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19
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0004098086
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Wiley, New York, 3rd ed
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L. E. Kinsler, A. R. Frey, A. B. Coppens, and J. A. Sanders, Fundamentals of Acoustics (Wiley, New York, 1982), 3rd ed
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(1982)
Fundamentals of Acoustics
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Kinsler, L.E.1
Frey, A.R.2
Coppens, A.B.3
Sanders, J.A.4
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20
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0019715785
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Analysis of an echo signal reflected from a weakly scattering volume by a discrete model of the medium
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M. Ueda and H. Ichikawa, “Analysis of an echo signal reflected from a weakly scattering volume by a discrete model of the medium,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 70, 1768–1775 (1981
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(1981)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.70
, pp. 1768-1775
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Ueda, M.1
Ichikawa, H.2
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22
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0021785369
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Spectral analysis of echoes for backscattering coefficient measurement
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M. Ueda and Y. Ozawa, “Spectral analysis of echoes for backscattering coefficient measurement,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 77, 38–47 (1985
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(1985)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am
, vol.77
, pp. 38-47
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Ueda, M.1
Ozawa, Y.2
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24
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84953681516
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Duke Scientific Corporation
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Palo Alto, CA
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Duke Scientific Corporation, Palo Alto, CA
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25
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0020911555
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Through transmission technique for ultrasonic attenuation measurement using broadband, plane wave pulses
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G. R. Harris, B. A. Herman, S. W. Smith, and W. J. Bodine, “Through transmission technique for ultrasonic attenuation measurement using broadband, plane wave pulses,” Proc. IEEE Ultrason. Sym. 2, 778–781 (1983
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(1983)
Proc. IEEE Ultrason. Sym
, vol.2
, pp. 778-781
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Harris, G.R.1
Herman, B.A.2
Smith, S.W.3
Bodine, W.J.4
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