Agnathan vertebrates in the Lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden

GFF

Volumn 112, Issue 1, 1990, Pages 61-80

  Fredholm, Doris ^a  

^a Avd fir Hislorisk Geologi och Paleontologi ^*  (Sweden)

Author keywords

Anaspida; Gotland; Katoporodida; Llandoxery; Osteostraci; Silurian; Taxonomy; Thelodontida; Vertebrata; Wenlock

Indexed keywords

AGNATHAN; SILURIAN; THELODONT; VERTEBRATE FAUNA;

SWEDEN, GOTLAND;

EID: 0025244815     PISSN: 11035897     EISSN: 20000863     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/11035899009453162     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Barnes, C.R., Fredholm, D. & Jeppsson, L., 1987: Improved techniques for picking of microfossils. In R.L. Austin (ed.): Conodonts: Investigative Techniques and Applications, 55, 74-77. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.
2. Bassett, M.G., 1984: Lower Palaeozoic Wales - a review of studies in the past 25 years. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 95, 291-311.
3. Bergman, C.F., 1979: Ripple marks in the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 101, 217-222.
4. Bergman, C.F., 1980: Macrofossils of the Wenlockian Slite Siltstone of Gotland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 102, 13-25.
5. Bergman, C.F., 1987: Silurian paulinitid jawed polychaetes from Gotland. Unpubl. Ph.D-thesis, University of Lund. 205 pp.
6. Berry, W.B.N. & Boucot, A.J., 1972: Silurian graptolite depth zonation.24th International Geological Congress Montreal 7, 59-65.
7. Brood, K., 1982: Golländska fossil. P.A. Norstedt & Söners Förlag, Stockholm. 95 pp.
8. Brood, K., 1985: Bryozoans from the Rönnklint section, Gotland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Fōrhandlingar 107, 71-75.
9. Cherns, L., 1982: Palaeokarst, tidal erosion surfaces and stromatolites in the Silurian Eke Formation of Gotland, Sweden. Sedimentohgy 29, 819-833.
10. Claesson, G, 1979: Early Palaeozoic geomagnetism of Gotland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 101, 149-155.
11. Dixon, J., Williams, R. & Turner, S., 1972: Stratigraphical setting of the Silurian thelodonts from Prince of Wales Island, Northwest Territories. Lethaia 5, 281-282.
12. Eisenack, A., 1975: Beiträge zur Anneliden-Forschung. I. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palāontologie, Abhandlun-gen 150, 227-252.
13. Freholm, D., 1988a: Vertebrates in the Ludlovian Hemse Beds of Gotland, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 110, 157-179.
14. Fredholm, D., 1988b Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Hemse Beds of Gotland, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 110, 237-253.
15. Fredholm, D., 1989: Silurian vertebrates of Gotland, Sweden. Lund Publications in Geology 76, 1-47.
16. Frykman, P., 1985: Subaerial exposure and cement stratigraphy of a Silurian bioherm in the Klinteberg Beds, Gotland, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 107, 77-88.
17. Frykman, P., 1986: Diagenesis of Silurian Bioherms in the Klinteberg Formation, Gotland, Sweden. In J.H. Schroeder & B.H. Purser (eds.): Reef Diagenesis, 399-423. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
18. Gray, J., Laufeld, S. & Boucot, A.J., 1974: Silurian trilete spores and spore tetrads from Gotland: their implications for land plant evolution. Science 185, 260-263.
19. Gross, W., 1938: Der histologische Aufbau der Anaspiden-Schuppen. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 17, 191-196.
20. Gross, W., 1958: Anaspiden-Schuppen aus dem Ludlow des Ostseegebietes. Paläontohgische Zeitschrift 32, 24-37.
21. Gross, W., 1967: Uber Thelodontier-Schuppen. Palaeonto-graphica, Abteilung A127, 1-67.
22. Gross, W., 1968: Die Agnathen-Fauna der silurischen Halla-Schichten Gotlands. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 90, 369-400.
23. Hadding, A., 1941: The pre-Quatemary sedimentary rocks of Sweden. VI. Reef limestones. Lunds Universitels Ars-skriflN.F. 2. 37(10), 1-137.
24. Hadding, A., 1959: Silurian algal limestones of Gotland. Indicators of shallow waters and elevation of land. Some reflections on their Iithological character and origin. Lunds Universitels Årsskrift N.F. 2. 56(7), 1-26.
25. Hede, J.E., 1919: Om några fynd av graptoliter inom Gottlands silur och deras betydelse för stratigrafin. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 291, 1-31.
26. Hede, J.E., 1921: Gottlands silurstratigrafi. Sveriges Geolo-giska Undersökning C 305, 1-100.
27. Hede, J.E., 1925: Beskrivning av Gotlands silurlager. In H. Munthe, J.E. Hede & L. v. Post: Gotlands geologi, en översikt, 13-30. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 331.
28. Hede, J.E., 1927a: Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In H. Munthe, J.E. Hede & G. Lundqvist: Beskrivning till kartbladet Klintehamn, 13-54. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning Aa 160.
29. Hede, J.E., 1927b: Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In H. Munthe, J.E. Hede & L. v. Post: Beskrivning till kartbladet Hemse, lS-56.SverigesGeologiskaUndersökning Aa 164.
30. Hede, J.E., 1928: Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In H. Munthe, J.E. Hede & G. Lundqvist: Beskrivning till kartbladet Siile, 13-65. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa 169.
31. Hede, J.E., 1929: Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In H. Munthe, J.E. Hede & L. v. Post: Beskrivning till kartbladet Kattham-marsvik, 14-57. Sveriges Geologiska Undersōkning Aa 170.
32. Hede, J.E., 1940: Berggrunden. In G. Lundqvist, J.E. Hede & N. Sundius: Beskrivning till kartbladen Visby och Lum-melunda 9-68. Sveriges Geologiska UndersōkningAa 183.
33. Hede, J.E., 1942: On the correlation of the Silurian of Gotland. Lunds Geologiska Fāltklubb 1892-1942, 205-229.
34. Hede, J.E., 1960: The Silurian of Gotland, In G. Regnéll & J. E. Hede: The lower Palaeozoic of Scania. The Silurian of Gotland, 44-89.
35. International Geological Congress XXI Session Norden 1960. Guide to excursions Nos A 22 and C 17. Stockholm.
36. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1985, 3rd ed. 338 pp. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.
37. Jaeger, H., 1981: Comments on the graptolite chronology of Gotland. In S. Laufeld (ed.): Proceedings of Project Ecostra-tigraphy Plenary meeting Gotland 1981, p. 12. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Rapporteroch Meddelanden 25.
38. Janvier, P., 1985: Les Thyestidiens (Osteostraci) du Silurien de Saaremaa (Estonie). Première partier. Morphologic et anatomic Annales de Paleontologie (Verlèbres-Invertèbrès) 71, 2, 83-147. Masson, Paris.
39. Jeppsson, L., 1974: Aspects of Late Silurian conodonts. Fossils and Strata 6, 1-79.
40. Jeppsson, L., 1979: Conodonts. In V. Jaanusson, S. Laufeld & R. Skoglund (eds.): Lower Wenlock fauna and floral dynamics - Vattenfallet section. Gotland, 225-248. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 762.
41. Jeppsson, L, 1982: Third European Conodont Symposium (ECOS III). Guide to excursion. Publications from the Institutes of Mineralogy Paleontology and Quaternary Geology, University of Lund, Sweden 239, 1-32.
42. Jeppsson, L., 1983: Silurian condont faunas from Gotland. Fossils and Strata 15, 121-144.
43. Jeppsson, L., 1987a: Lithological and conodont distributional evidence for episodes of anomalous oceanic conditions during the Silurian. In R.J. Alridge (ed.): Palaeobiology of conodonts, 129-145. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.
44. Jeppsson, L., 1987b: Some thoughts about future improvements in conodont extraction methods. In R.L. Austin (ed.): Conodonts: Investigative techniques and applications, 45-51. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.
45. Jeppsson, L. & Fredholm, D., 1987: Temperature dependence of limestone dissolution in conodont extraction. In R.L. Austin (ed.): Conodonts: Investigative techniques and applications, 35-42. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.
46. Jeppsson, L., Fredholm, D. & Mattiasson, B., 1985: Acetic acid and phosphatic fossils - a warning. Journal of Paleontology 59, 952-956.
47. Kaljo, D. & Klaamann, E. (eds.), 1982: Ecostratigraphy of the East Baltic Silurian. 111 pp. Academy of Sciences of Estonian SSR Institute of Geology, Tallinn.
48. Karatajute-Talimaa, V.N., 1978: Silurian and Devonian thelodonts in the SSSR and Spitsbergen. (In Russian.) 334 pp. Mokslas Publishers, Vilnius.
49. Larsson, K., 1979: Silurian tentaculitids from Gotland and Scania. Fossils and Strata 11, 1-180.
50. Laufeld, S., 1974a: Silurian Chitinozoa from Gotland. Fossib ans Strata 5, 1-130.
51. Laufeld, S., 1974b: Reference localities for palaeontology and geology in the Silurian of Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 705, 1-172.
52. Laufeld, S., 1979: Biogeography of Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian Chitinozoans. In J. Gray and A.J. Boucot (eds.): Historical Biogeography, Plate Tectonics, and the Changing Environment, 75-90. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
53. Laufeld, S. & Bassett, M.G., 1981: Gotland: The anatomy of a Silurian carbonate platform. Episodes 2, 23-27.
54. Laufeld, S. & Jeppsson, L., 1976: Silicification and bentonites in the Silurian of Gotland. Geologiska Fōreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 98, 31-44.
55. Laufeld, S. & Martinsson, A., 1981: Reefs and Ultrashalhw Environments. Guidebook to the Field Excursions in the Silurian of Gotland, Project Ecostratigraphy Plenary Meeting 22-28 August, 1981. 24 pp. Museum Department, Geological Survey of Sweden.
56. Laufeld, S., Sundquist, B. & Sjöström, H., 1978: Megapolygonal bedrock structures in the Silurian of Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 759, 1-26.
57. Liljedahl, L., 1981: Silicified bivalves from the Silurian of Gotland, In S. Laufeld (ed.): Proceedings of Project Ecostratigraphy Plenary Meeting, Gotland 1981, p. 22. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning. Rapporter och Meddelanden 25.
58. Liljedahl, L., 1983: Two silicified Silurian bivalves from Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 799, 1-51.
59. Liljedahl, L., 1984a: Silurian silicified bivalves from Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 804, 1-82.
60. Liljedahl, L., 1984b: Janeia silurica, a link between nuculoids and solemyoids (Bivalvia). Palaeontology 27, 693-698.
61. Liljedahl, L., 1984c: Silicified Silurian bivalves from Gotland. Lund Publications in Geology 24, 1-28.
62. Liljedahl, L., 1988: Ecological aspects of a silicified bivalve fauna from the Silurian of Gotland. Lethaia 18, 53-66.
63. Liljedahl, L., 1986: Endolithic micro-organisms and silicification of a bivalve fauna from the Silurian of Gotland. Lethaia 19, 267-278.
64. Märss, T., 1982: Vertebrate zones in the East Baltic Silurian. In D. Kaljo & E. Klaamann (eds): Ecostratigraphy of the East Baltic Silurian, 97-105. Academy of Sciences of Estonian SSR Institute of Geology, Tallinn.
65. Märss, T., 1986: Silurian vertebrates of Estonia and West Latvia. (In Russian with English summaries.) Fossilia Baltica 1, 1-104, Pls. 1-36.
66. “Valgus”, Tallinn.Martinsson, A., 1966: Beyrichiacean ostracodes associated with the earliest Silurian vertebrates from Gotland. Geologiska Foreningens ι Stockholm Förhandlingar 88, 321-339.
67. Martinsson, A., 1967: The succession and correlation of ostra-code faunas in the Silurian of Gotland. Geologiska Foreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 89, 350-386.
68. Matthews, S.C., 1973: Notes on open nomenclature and on synonymy lists. Palaeontology 16, 713-719.
69. Odin, G.S., Spjeldnaes, N., Jeppsson, L. & Thorshoj Nielsen, A., 1984: Field meeting in Scandinavia. Bulletin de Liaison et Informations Project 196, 6-23.
70. Odin, G.S., Hunziker, J.C., Jeppsson, L. & Spjeldnaes, N., 1986: Ages radiométriques K-Ar de biotites pyroclastiques sédimentées dans le Wenlock de Gotland (Suède). Chemical Geology. Isotope Geoscience Section 59, 117-125. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
71. Ørvig, T., 1979: Agnathan vertebrates. In V. Jaanusson, S. Laufeld & R. Skoglund (eds.): Lower Wenlock faunal and floral dynamics - Vattenfallet section, Gotland, 249-250. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 762.
72. Pander, C.H., 1856: Monographic der fossilen Fische des silur-ischen Systems der Russisch-Baltischen Gouvernements. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften St. Petersburg. 91 pp. Pls. 1-7. St. Petersburg.
73. Poulsen, K.D., Saxow, S., Balling, N. & Kristiansen, J.I., 1982: Thermal conductivity measurements of Silurian limestones from the island of Gotland, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 103, 349-356.
74. Ramsköld, L., 1983: Silurian cheirurid trilobites from Gotland. Palaeontology 26, 175-210.
75. Ramsköld, L., 1984: Silurian odontopleurid trilobites from Gotland. Palaeontology 27, 239-264.
76. Ramsköld, L., 1985a: Silurian phacopid and dalmanitid trilobites from Gotland. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 40, 1-62.
77. Ramsköld, L., 1985b: Studies on Silurian trilobites from Gotland. Sweden. 24 pp. Ph.D.-thesis, University of Stockholm.
78. Ramsköld, L., 1986: Silurian encrinurid trilobites from Gotland and Dalarna, Sweden. Palaeontology 29, 527-575, pls. 37-49.
79. Riding, R., 1979: Calcareous algae. In V. Jaanusson, S. Laufeld & R. Skoglund (eds.): Lower Wenlock faunal and floral dynamics - Vattenfallet section, Gotland, 53-60. Sveriges Geologiska Undersōkning C 762.
80. Ritchie, A., 1980: The Late Silurian anaspid genus Rhynchole-pis from Oesel, Estonia and Ringerike, Norway. American Museum Novitates 2699. 1-18.
81. Robertson, G.M., 1939: An Upper Silurian vertebrate horizon, with description of a new species, Cephalaspis oeselensis. Transactions of Kansas Academy of Sciences 42. 357-363.
82. Robertson, G.M., 1941: The ostracoderm order Anaspida, with description of some Upper Silurian material. Transactions of Kansas Academy of Sciences 44, 314-317.
83. Robertson, G.M., 1945: Saarolepis, new name for Anaspis Robertson, 1941. Journal of Paleontology 19, p. 77.
84. Rohon, J.V., 1893: Die obersilurischen Fische von Oesel. II Theil. Selachii, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Pteraspidae und Cepha-laspidae. Mémoires de l’Acadèmie Impèriale des Sciences de St.-Pètersbourg. tome 41: 5, 1-113.
85. Sanford, J.T. & Mosher, R.E., 1985: Insoluble residues and geochemistry of some Llandoverian and Wenlockian rocks from Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 811, 1-31.
86. Sivhed, U., 1976: Sedimentological studies of the Wenlockian Slite Siltstone of Gotland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 98, 59-64.
87. Siveter, D. & Turner, S., 1982: A new Silurian microvertebrate assemblage from the Tortworth inlier, Avon, England. Alcheringa 6, 35-41.
88. Snäil, S., 1977: Silurian and Ordovician bentonites of Gotland (Sweden). Stockholm Contributions in Geology 31, 1-80.
89. Stetson, H.C., 1931: Studies on the morphology of the Heterostraci. Journal of Geology 39, 141-154.
90. Stridsberg, S., 1981a: Apertural constrictions in some oncocerid cephalopods. Lethaia 14, 269-276.
91. Stridsberg. S., 1981b: Silurian oncocerid nautiloids from Gotland. In S. Laufeld (ed.): Proceedings of Project Ecostratigraphy Plenary Meeting, Gotland 1981, p. 32. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Rapporter och Meddelanden 25.
92. Stridsberg, S., 1985: Silurian oncocerid cephalopods from Gotland. Fossils and Strata 18, 1-65.
93. Sundquist, B., 1982: Petrography and sedimentology of carbonate rocks in the Silurian of Gotland. Publications from the Institutes of Mineralogy, Paleontology, and Quaternary Geology. University of Lund, Sweden 240, 1-24.
94. Thorsteinsson, R. & Uyeno, T.T., 1980: Biostratigraphy. In R. Thorsteinsson (ed.): Stratigraphy and conodonts of Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian rocks in the environs of the Boothia Uplift, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Part 1 Contributions to stratigraphy, 21-31. Geological survey of Canada Bulletin 292.
95. Turner, S., 1976: Thelodonti (Agnatha). In F. Westphal (ed.): Fossilium Catalogus 1: Animalia, 122, 1-34. Dr. W. Junk B.V.-’s-Gravenhage.
96. Turner, S., in press; Monophyly of the Thelodonti. Chinese symposium of early vertebrates. Beijing, China.
97. Turner, S. & Dixon, J., 1971: Lower Silurian thelodonts from Prince of Wales Island, Northwest Territories. Lethaia 4, 385-392.
98. Turner, S. & Peel, J.S., 1986: Silurian thelodont scales from North Greenland. Rapporter fra Gronlands Geologiske Undersōgehe 132; 79-88.
99. Turner, S. & Turner P., 1974: Thelodonts from the Upper Silurian of Ringerike, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 54, 1-10.
100. Viira, V., 1975: A new species of Spathognathodus from the Jani Stage of the East Baltic. (In Russian with English summary.) Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia toimetised 24, 233-236.
101. Walmsley, V.G., 1965: Isorthis and Salopina (Brachiopoda) in the Ludlovian of the Welsh Borderland. Palaeontology 8, 454-477.
102. Walmsley, V.G. & Boucot, A.J., 1975: The phylogeny, taxonomy and biogeography of Silurian and Early to Mid Devonian Isorthinae (brachiopoda). Palaeontographica Ab-teilungA148, 34-108.
103. Worsley, D., Aarhus, N., Bassett, M.G., Howe, M.P.A., Mørk, A. & Olaussen, S., 1983: The Silurian succession of the Oslo Region. Norges Geologiske Undersokelse 384, 1-57.