The medicalization of public health; the United Kingdom and the United States Contrasted

Journal of Public Health

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 1990, Pages 31-38

  Acheson, Roy M ^a  

^a CHURCHILL COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONFERENCE PAPER; EDUCATION; HEALTH EDUCATION; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; MEDICOLEGAL ASPECT; PUBLIC HEALTH;

COMPARATIVE STUDY; GREAT BRITAIN; HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 19TH CENT.; HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 20TH CENT.; PUBLIC HEALTH; SOCIOLOGY, MEDICAL; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0025053781     PISSN: 17413842     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a042503     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Brockington CF. Public health in the nineteenth century. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1965: 67–70.
2. Chadwick E. Report on the sanitary condition of the labouring population, London: HM Government Report, 1842: 341.
3. Editorial. The Board of Health. Lancet 1831; 2: 433.
4. Brockington CF. Public health in the nineteenth century. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1965: 30–31.
5. Brockington CF. Public health in the nineteenth century. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1965: 79–80.
6. Clark, Sir George. The College in a changing world. A history of the Royal College of Physicians of London. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966; 2: 672–677.
7. Editorial. Lancet 1831; 2: 820.
8. Brockington CF. Public health in the nineteenth century. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1965: 70–71, 88.
9. Brockington CF. Public health in the nineteenth century. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1965: 136–139.
10. Rumsey HW. Essays on Slate Medicine. London: Churchill, 1856.
11. Acheson RM. Henry Wyldbore Rumsey and the case for state medicine. Public Health, 1988; 102: 217–255.
12. Acheson RM. Three regius professors, sanitary science and state medicine: the birth of an academic discipline. Br Med J 1986; 293: 1602–1606.
13. Acheson RM. The origins, content and early development of the curriculum in State Medicine and Public Health 1856–1895. Community Med 1987; 9: 372–381.
14. Viseltear A. personal communication, 1987.
15. Jordan E, Whipple GC, Winslow C-E-A. A pioneer of public health: William Thompson Sedgwick. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1924: 19–21.
16. Jordan E, Whipple GC, Winslow C-E-A. A pioneer of public health. William Thompson Sedgwick. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1924: 76–77.
17. Jordan E, Whipple GC, Winslow C-E-A. A pioneer of public health: William Thompson Sedgwick. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1924: 77.
18. Curran JA. Founders of the Harvard School of Public Health. New York: Josiah Macy, 1970.
19. Williams G. Schools of public health: their doing and undoing. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1976; 74: 489–527.
20. Acheson RM. The epidemiology of Charles-Edward-Amory Winslow. Am J Epidemiol 1970; 91: 1–12.
21. Acheson RM, Payne A.M-M. Preventive medicine at the Yale School of Medicine. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1967; 65: 287–500.
22. Viseltear A., personal communication.
23. Flexner S, Flexner JT. William Henry Welch and the heroic age of American medicine. New York: Viking Press, 1941.
24. Flexner A. I remember. At the Johns Hopkins. Chap. 4. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1940: 44–65.
25. Fee E. Competition for the first school of hygiene and public health. Bull Hist Med 1983; 57: 339–363.
26. Fee E. Disease and discovery: a history of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health 1916–1939. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987: 17. (This monograph is the definitive history of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health.)
27. Rockefeller Archives; Executive Committee of International Health Board: Commission Minutes; 12 December 1913. RG1.1, Series 200L.
28. Rockefeller Archives; Rockefeller Foundation Mins RG1.1 200L: 2010.
29. Williams G. Schools of public health; their doing and undoing. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1976; 74: 502.
30. Flexner A. I remember. At the Johns Hopkins. Chap. 4. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1940: 203–225, 305, 306.
31. Ferrell JA. Public health workers: A career. Rockefeller Archives Box 183 2209, 1914.
32. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185.
33. Flexner A to Sedgwick W. 6 November 1915. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 184.
34. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185.
35. Sedgwick W to Flexner A. 8 November 1915. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 184.
36. Butler to Seligman, 27 May 1914. Rockefeller Archives; General Education Board RG1.1 Series 200L.
37. Butler NM to Flexner A, 6 October 1914. Seligman to Flexner, 10 October 1914. (Butler’s barbed comment in a letter to Flexner a year later that Seligman‘is chairman of our committee on the development of a proper institute for public health sanitary services’ is a measure of his feelings on the matter. Butler to Flexner, 1 November 1915. Rockefeller Archives RG1.1 Ser 200L.)
38. Flexner S, Flexner JT. William Henry Welch and the heroic age of American medicine. New York: Viking Press, 1941: 353–355.
39. Williams G. Schools of public health; their doing and undoing. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1976; 74: 507–512.
40. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 44, 45.
41. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 45.
42. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 71–80.
43. Williams G. Schools of public health; their doing and undoing. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1976; 74: 501–502.
44. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 90.
45. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 94–107.
46. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 107–109.
47. Rose W to Welch WH. 12 May 1915. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 183
48. Conference on training in public health held in Rockefeller Offices, New York, 16 October 1914. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 185: 108.
49. Institute of Hygiene. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 183:2.
50. Institute of Hygiene. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 183:4, 5.
51. Institute of Hygiene. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 183:5.
52. Sedgwick W to Flexner A. Letter and memorandum 26 November 1915. Rockefeller Archives 1.1 200L Box 183.
53. Seligman to Flexner A. 10 August 1915. Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University.
54. Flexner A to Rose W, 13 August 1915. Rockefeller Archives, 1.1 200L Box 184.
55. Fosdick RB. The story of the Rockefeller Foundation. New York: Harper, 1952.
56. Remsen and Keyser to Gates F. 26 June 1908. Rockefeller Archives 1005: 588 6252.
57. Flexner S, Flexner JT. William Henry Welch and the heroic age of American medicine. New York: Viking Press, 1941: 343.
58. Rockefeller Jnr. JD to Gates F. 26 July 1908. Rockefeller Archives 111: 0: 41: 412.
59. Arnett T to Welch W. 1 March 1932. Rockefeller Archives 200L Box 183: 2210.
60. Towards the end of her book (see ref. 24(b), pp. 227–236), in a section entitled ‘Medicine and Public Health: the Unhappy Marriage’, Elizabeth Fee describes the difficulties which were encountered.