The biochemistry of bone

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 1989, Pages 859-902

  Gehron Robey, P ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; COLLAGEN; FIBRONECTIN; OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEONECTIN;

ANIMAL CELL; BIOCHEMISTRY; BONE; HUMAN CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; ANIMAL; BONE MINERALIZATION; HUMAN; METABOLISM;

ANIMALIA;

ANIMAL; BONE AND BONES; CALCIFICATION, PHYSIOLOGIC; HUMAN;

EID: 0024833607     PISSN: 08898529     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30347-5     Document Type: Review

References (350)

1. Addadi L. Weiner S. Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: Stereochemical requirements in biomineralization Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82 1985 4110
2. Akisaka T. Subita G.P. Shigenaga Y. Ultrastructural observations on chick bone processed by quick freezing and freeze-substitution Cell Tissue Res 247 1986 469
3. Ali S.Y. Sajdera S.W. Anderson H.C. Isolation and characterization of calcifying matrix vesicles from epiphyseal cartilage Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 67 1970 1513
4. Anderson H.C. Electron microscopic studies of induced cartilage development and calcification J Cell Biol 35 1967 81
5. Anderson H.C. Vesicles associated with calcification in the matrix of epiphyseal cartilage J Cell Biol 41 1969 59
6. Anderson H.C. Matrix vesicle calcification Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1 1978 83
7. Anderson H.C. Biology of disease: Mechanism of mineral formation in bone Lab Invest 60 1989 320
8. Ashton B.A. Triffitt J.T. Herring G.M. The isolation and partial characterization of two glycoproteins from bovine cortical bone Eur J Biochem 45 1974 525
9. Ashton B.A. Hohlin H.J. Triffitt J.T. Plasma proteins present in human cortical bone: Enrichment of the a2-HS glycoprotein Calcif Tissue Res 22 1976 27
10. Ashton B.A. Allen T.D. Howlett C.R. Formation of bone and cartilage by marrow stromal cells in diffusion chambers in vivo Clin Orthop Rel Res 151 1980 294
11. 2-HS-glycoprotein concentration in Paget’s disease of bone: Its possible significance Clin Sci 58 1980 435
12. Ashton B.A. Eaglesom C.C. Bab I. Distribution of fibroblastic colony-forming cells in rabbit bone marrow and assay of their osteogenic potential by an in vivo diffusion chamber method Calcif Tissue Int 36 1984 83
13. Auf’mkolk R. Hauschka P.V. Schwartz E. Characterization of human bone cells in culture Calcif Tissue Int 37 1985 228
14. Ayacock R.S. Raghow R. Stricklin G.P. Post-transcriptional inhibition of collagen and fibronectin synthesis by a synthetic homolog of a portion of the carboxy-terminal propeptide of human type I collagen J Biol Chem 261 1986 14355
15. Bab I.A. Muhlrad A. Sela J. Ultrastructural and biochemical study of extracellular matrix vesicles in normal alveolar bone of rat Cell Tissue Res 202 1979 1
16. Baron R. Neff L. Louvard D. Cell-mediated extracellular acidification and bone resorption: Evidence for a low pH in resorbing lacunae and localization of a lOOkD lysosomal membrane protein at the osteoclast ruffled border J Cell Biol 101 1985 2210
17. Barsh G.S. Roush C.L. Gelinas R.E. DNA and chromatin structure of the human α1(I) collagen gene J Biol Chem 259 1984 14906
18. 3, parathyroid hormone, and glucocorticoids Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 5 1984 229
19. Beresford J.M. Fedarko N.S. Robey Gehron Analysis of the proteoglycans synthe sized by human bone cells in vitro J Biol Chem 262 1987 17164
20. Bianco P. Ballanti P. Mazzaferro S. Combined use of tetracycline fluorescence and alkaline phosphatase cytochemistry in the evaluation of osteoblastic activity in bone biopsies Basic Appl Histochem 31 suppl 1987 29
21. Bianco P. Costantini M. Dearden L.C. Alkaline phosphatase positive precursors of adipocytes in the human bone marrow Br J Haematol 88 1988 401
22. Bianco P. Silverstrini G. Termine J.D. Immunohistochemical localization of osteonectin in developing human calf bone using monoclonal antibodies Calcif Tissue Int 43 1988 155
23. Bianco P. Boyde A. Alkaline phosphatase cytochemistry in confocal scanning light microscopy for imaging the bone marrow stroma Basic Appl Histochem 33 1989 17
24. Bianco P. Fisher L.W. Young M.F. Expression of bone sialoprotein in human developing bone as revealed by immunostaining and in situ hybridization J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S246
25. Bianco P. Fisher L.W. Young M.F. Differential expression of small proteoglycans I and II (biglycan and decorin) in human developing bone and non-bone tissues as revealed by immunolocalization and in situ hybridization J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S321
26. Bianco P. Kopp J.B. Fisher L.W. New data on the distribution of osteonectin/SPARC in human and mouse tissues and their potential implications J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S245
27. Bianco P, Fedarko NS, Bonucci E, et al: Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of bone cells revisited. In Proceedings of the Int Soc Bioanaloging Skeletal Implants. (In Press)
28. Blair H.C. Kahn A.J. Crouch E.C. Isolated osteoclasts resorb the organic and inorganic components of bone J Cell Biol 102 1986 1164
29. Blumenthal N.C. Posner A.S. Silverman L.C. The effect of proteoglycans on in vitro hydroxyapatite formation Calcif Tissue Int 27 1979 75
30. Bolander M.E. Young M.F. Fisher L.W. Osteonectin cDNA sequence reveals potential binding regions for calcium and hydroxyapatite and shows homologies with both a basement membrane protein (SPARC) and a serine proteinase inhibitor (ovomucoid) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85 1988 2919
31. Bonar L.C. Grynpas M.D. Roberts J.E. Butler W.T. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissue 1985 EBSCO Media Birmingham, Alabama 226
32. Bonucci E. Fine structure of early cartilage calcification J Ultrastruct Res 201 1967 33
33. Bonnuci E. Fine structure and histochemistry of calcifying globules in epiphyseal cartilage Z Zellforsch Mikr Anat 103 1970 192
34. Bornstein P. Sage H. Structurally distinct collagen types Annu Rev Biochem 49 1980 957
35. Bornstein P. Hörlein D. McPherson J. Myelofibrosis and the Biology of Connective Tissue 1984 Alan R. Liss New York 61
36. Bornstein P. McKay J. Morishima J.K. Regulatory elements in the first intron contribute to transcriptional control of the human α1(I) collagen gene Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84 1987 8869
37. Boskey A.L. Current concepts of the biochemistry and physiology of calcification Clin Orthop Rel Res 157 1981 165
38. Bourdon M.A. Oldberg A. Pierschbacher M. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan cDNA Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82 1985 1321
39. Boyan B. Butler W.T. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues 1985 EBSCO Media Birmingham, Alabama 125
40. 2HS-glycoprotein an autocrine factor in cartilage? J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S403
41. Boyde A. Banes A.J. Dullamans R.M. A morphological study of an avian bone disorder caused by myeloblastosis-associated virus Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1 1978 235
42. Bronckers A.L.J.J. Gay S. DiMuzio M.T. Immunolocalization of gamma-carboxyglu-tamic acid containing proteins in developing rat bones Coll Relat Res 5 1985 273
43. Bronckers A.L.J.J. Gay S. Finkelman R.D. Developmental appearance of Gla proteins (osteocalcin) and alkaline phosphatase in tooth germs and bone of the rat Bone Min 2 1987 361
44. Burgeson R.E. Hollister D.W. Collagen heterogeneity in human cartilage: Identification of several new collagen chains Biochem Biophys Res Commun 87 1979 1124
45. Burgeson R.E. Hebda P.A. Morris N.P. Human cartilage collagens: Comparison of cartilage collagens with human type V collagen J Biol Chem 257 1982 7852
46. Butler WT: The nature and significance of osteopontin. Coll Relat Res (In Press)
47. Camarda A.J. Butler W.T. Finkelman R.D. Immunocytochemical localization of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing proteins and osteocalcin in rat bone and dentin Calcif Tissue Int 40 1987 349
48. Canalis E. McCarthy T. Centrella M. A bone-derived growth factor isolated from rat calvariae is betaa-microglobulin Endocrinology 121 1987 1198
49. Canalis E. McCarthy T. Centrella M. Isolation of growth factors from adult bovine bone Calcif Tissue Int 43 1988 346
50. Cancela L. Price PA. Structural organization of the human matrix Gla protein gene J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S241
51. Celeste A.J. Rosen V. Buecker J.L. Isolation of the human gene for bone Gla protein EMBO J 5 1986 1885
52. Chambers T.J. Darby J.A. Fuller L. Mammalian collagenase predisposes bone surfaces to osteoclastic resorption Cell Tissue Res 241 1985 671
53. Chambers T.J. Fuller K. Bone cells predispose bone surfaces to resorption by exposure of mineral to osteoclastic contact J Cell Sci 76 1985 155
54. Chandrasekhar S. Kleinman H.K. Hassell J.R. Regulation of type I collagen fibril assembly by link protein and proteoglycans Coll Relat Res 4 1984 323
55. Cheah K.S.E. Collagen genes and inherited connective tissue disease Biochem J 229 1985 287
56. Chu M.L. deWet W. Bernard M. Fine structural analysis of the human proal(I) collagen gene: Promoter structure, Alul repeats and polymorphism transcripts J Biol Chem 260 1985 2315
57. Clezardin P. Malaval L. Ehrensperger A.S. Complex formation of human throm bospondin with osteonectin Eur J Biochem 175 1988 275
58. Clezardin P. Jouishomme H. Chavassieux P. Thrombospondin is synthesized and secreted by human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells: A model to study the different effects of thrombospondin in cell adhesion Eur J Biochem 181 1989 721
59. Conn K.M. Termine J.D. Matrix protein profiles in calf bone development Bone 6 1985 33
60. Craig A.M. Nemir M. Mukherjee B.B. Identification of the major phosphoprotein secreted by many rodent cell lines as ***2ar/osteopontin: Enhanced expression in H-Ras-transformed 3T3 cells Biochem Biophys Res Commun 157 1988 166
61. Day A.A. Ramis C.l. Fisher L.W. Characterization of bone PG II cDNA and its relationship to PGII mRNA from other connective tissues Nucleic Acids Res 14 1986 9861
62. Day A.A. McQuillan C.I. Termine J.D. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for small proteoglycan II of bovine bone Biochem J 248 1987 801
63. + +-binding glycoprotein J Cell Biol 103 1986 1615
64. Delmas P.D. Tracy R.P. Riggs B.L. Identification of the noncollagenous proteins of bovine bone by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis Calcif Tissue Int 36 1984 308
65. Delmas P.D. Stenner D.D. Romberg R.W. Immunochemical studies of conformation alterations in bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing protein Biochemistry 23 1984 4720
66. 3 on gene transcription J Biol Chem 264 1989 2279
67. deWet W.J. Chu M.L. Prockop D.J. The mRNAs for the proal(I) and proa2(I) chains of type I procollagen are translated at the same rate in normal human fibroblasts and in fibroblasts from two variants of osteogenesis imperfecta with altered steady state ratios of the two mRNAs J Biol Chem 258 1983 14385
68. Diamond A.G. Triffitt J.T. Herring G.M. The acidic macromolecules in rabbit cortical bone tissue Arch Oral Biol 27 1982 337
69. 2-HS-glycoprotein in mineralising human bone Nature 256 1975 430
70. Dickson I.R. Veis A. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues 1981 Elsevier New York 229
71. 2HS-glycoprotein, a bone-related protein, in normal individuals and in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta Calcif Tissue Int 35 1983 16
72. Dickson I.R. Bagga M.K. Changes with age in the non-collagenous proteins of human bone Connect Tissue Res 14 1985 77
73. Domenicucci C. Goldberg H.A. Hofman T. Characterization of porcine osteonectin extracted from foetal calvarie Biochem J 253 1988 139
74. Donoviel D.B. Framson P. Eldridge C.F. Structural analysis and expression of the human thrombospondin gene promoter J Biol Chem 263 1988 18590
75. Doty S.B. Schofield B.H. Enzyme histochemistry of bone and cartilage cells Prog Histochem Cytochem 8 1976 1
76. Dziadek M. Paulsson M. Aumailley M. Purification and tissue distribution of a small protein (BM-40) extracted from a basement membrane tumor Eur J Biochem 161 1986 455
77. Eanes E.D. Termine J.D. Spiro T.G. Calcium in Biology 1983 John Wiley & Sons New York 203
78. Eanes ED: Bone Regulatory Factors: Morphology, Biochemistry, Physiology and Phar macology. London, Plenum Publishing Co. Ltd. (In Press)
79. Ecarot-Charrier B. Broekhuyse H. Proteoglycans synthesized by cultured mouse osteo blasts J Biol Chem 262 1987 5345
80. Eeckhout Y. Delaisse J.M. Ledent P.L. dauert A.M. The Control of Tissue Damage 1988 Elsevier Amsterdam 297
81. Eidelman N. Chow L.C. Brown W.E. Calcium phosphate saturation levels in ultrafiltered serum Calcif Tissue Int 40 1987 71
82. Engle J. Taylor W. Paulsson M. Calcium binding domains and calcium-induced confor mational transition of SPARC/BM-40/Osteonectin, and extracellular glycoprotein expressed in mineralized and nonmineralized tissues Biochemistry 26 1987 6958
83. Eyre D.R. Collagen: Molecular diversity in the body’s protein scaffold Science 207 1980 1315
84. Eyre D.R. Paz M.A. Gallop P.M. Cross-linking in collagen and elastin Annu Rev Biochem 53 1984 717
85. Fedarko N.S. Gehron Robey P. Temporal changes in proteoglycan metabolism in human bone cells J Cell Biol 107 1989 156a
86. Fedarko N.S. Bianco P. Gehron Robey P. Alkaline phosphatase activity in normal adult human bone cells is cell cycle dependent J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S121
87. Fedde K.N. Lane C.C. Whyte M.P. Alkaline phosphatase is an ectoenzyme that acts on micromolar concentrations of natural substrates at physiologic pH in human osteosarcoma (SAOS-2) cells Arch Biochem Biophys 264 1988 400
88. Fessler J.H. Fessler L.I. Biosynthesis of procollagen Annu Rev Biochem 47 1978 129
89. Findlay D.M. Fisher L.W. Ramis C.l. Isolation of the osteonectin gene: Evidence that a variable region of the osteonectin molecule is encoded within one exon Biochemistry 27 1988 1483
90. Finer M.H. Aho S. Gerstenfeld L. Unusual DNA sequences located within the promoter region and the first intron of the chicken proal(I) collagen gene J Biol Chem 262 1987 13323
91. Fisher L.W. Schraer H. The glycosaminoglycans of estrogen-induced medullary bone in Japanese quail Arch Biochem Biophys 205 1980 396
92. Fisher L.W. Termine J.D. Dejter S.W. Jr Proteoglycans of developing bone J Biol Chem 258 1983 6588
93. Fisher L.W. Whitson S.W. Avioli L.V. Matrix sialoprotein of developing bone J Biol Chem 258 1983 12723
94. Fisher L.W. Butler W.T. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues 1985 EBSCO Media Birmingham, Alabama 188
95. Fisher L.W. Termine J.D. Noncollagenous proteins influencing the local mechanisms of calcification Clin Orthop 200 1985 362
96. Fisher L.W. Termine J.D. Current Advances in Skeletogenesis 1985 Elsevier Science Publishing Amsterdam 467
97. Fisher L.W. Hawkins G.R. Tuross N. Purification and partial characterization of small proteoglycans I and II, bone sialoproteins I and II, and osteonectin from the mineral compartment of developing human bone J Biol Chem 262 1987 9702
98. 2-terminal propeptide of the α1 chain of type I collagen J Biol Chem 262 1987 13457
99. Fisher L.W. Termine J.D. Young M.F. Deduced protein sequence of bone small proteoglycan I (biglycan) shows homology with proteoglycan II (decorin) and several nonconnective tissue proteins in a variety of species J Biol Chem 264 1989 4571
100. Fleischmajer R.A. Perlish J.S. The role of the amino propeptide in collagen fibrillogenesis Rheumatology 10 1986 91
101. Fleischmajer RA, Perlish JS, Burgeson RE, et al: In Fleischmajer R, Olsen BR, Kuhn K (eds): Structure, Molecular Biology and Pathology of Collagen. New York, New York Academy of Science (In Press)
102. Fishman W.H. Perspectives on alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes Am J Med 56 1974 671
103. Franzen A. Heinegarde D. Extraction and purification of proteoglycans from mature bovine bone Biochem J 224 1984 47
104. Franzen A. Heinegard D. Characterization of proteoglycans from the calcified matrix of bovine bone Biochem J 224 1984 59
105. Franzen A. Heinegard D. Isolation and characterization of two sialoproteins present only in bone calcified matrix Biochem J 232 1985 715
106. 3 stimulates the synthesis of matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein by osteosarcoma cells: Mutually exclusive expression of vitamin K dependent bone proteins by clonal osteoblastic cell lines J Biol Chem 263 1988 911
107. Fraser J.D. Price P.A. Lung, heart and kidney express high levels of mRNA for the vitamin K-dependent matrix Gla protein: Implications for the possible functions of matrix Gla protein and for the tissue distribution of the gamma-carboxylase J Biol Chem 263 1988 11033
108. Frazier W.A. Thrombospondin: A modular adhesive glycoprotein of platelets and nu cleated cells J Cell Biol 105 1987 625
109. Freilich L.S. Yanagishita M. Hascall V.C. Proteoglycan synthesis during intramembranous bone regeneration following avulsive wounding in guinea pig long bones Connect Tissue Res 16 1987 79
110. Gay C.V. Schraer H. Hargest T.E. Ultrastructure of matrix vesicles and mineral in unfixed embryonic bone Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1 1978 105
111. Gehron Robey P. Kirshner J.A. Conn K.M. Orney A. Harell A. Sela J. Current Advances in Skeletogenesis 1985 Elsevier Science Amsterdam 461
112. Gehron Robey P. Termine J.D. Human bone cells in vitro Calcif Tissue Int 37 1985 453
113. Gehron Robey P. Denholm L.J. Drum M.A. Biosynthesis of bone matrix proteins by osteogenesis imperfecta connective tissue cells Calcif Tissue Int 37 1985 126
114. Gehron Robey P. Fisher L.W. Stubbs J.T. Sen A. Thornhill T. Development and Diseases of Cartilage and Bone Matrix 1987 Alan R. Liss New York 115
115. Gehron Robey P. Fisher L.W. Kinetics of non-collagenous bone matrix protein production by bone cells in vitro Calcium Regulat Bone Metab 9 1987 438
116. Gehron Robey P. Fedarko N.S. Lindner W. Biosynthesis of a small proteoglycan (PG-I) by human bone cells J Cell Biol 105 1987 299a
117. Gehron Robey P. Young M.F. Fisher L.W. Thrombospondin is an osteoblast-derived component of mineralized extracellular matrix J Cell Biol 108 1989 719
118. 2-HS-glycoprotein J Biol Chem 258 1983 4966
119. Genge B.R. Sauer G.K. Wu L.N.Y. Correlation between loss of alkaline phosphatase activity and accumulation of calcium during matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization J Biol Chem 263 1988 18513
120. Gerstenfeld L.C. Shipman S.D. Clowarcki J. Expression of differentiated function by mineralizing cultures of chicken osteoblasts Dev Biol 122 1987 49
121. Glaser J.H. Conrad H.E. Formation of matrix vesicles by cultured chick embryo chondro cytes J Biol Chem 256 1981 2607
122. Goldberg H.A. Domenicucci C. Pringle G.A. Mineral-binding proteoglycans of fetal porcine calvarial bone J Biol Chem 263 1988 12092
123. Gordon MK, Gerecke DR, Bulet B, et al: In Fleischmajer R, Olsen BR, Kuhn K (eds): Structure, Molecular Biology and Pathology of Collagen. New York, New York Academy of Science (In Press)
124. Gorski J. Krco C.J. Beito T.G. Monoclonal antibodies to cell surface constituents of osteoblast-like cells include anti-proteoglycan antibodies J Bone Min Res 2 suppl 1987 12
125. Gorski J.F. Shimizu K. Isolation of new phosphorylated glycoprotein from mineralized phase of bone that exhibits limited homology to adhesive protein osteopontin J Biol Chem 263 1988 15938
126. Grynpas M.D. Hunter G.K. Bone mineral and glycosaminoglycans in newborn and mature rabbits J Bone Min Res 3 1988 159
127. Hamilton J.A. Lingelbach S.R. Partridge N.C. Stimulation of plasminogen activator in osteoblast like cells by bone-resorbing hormones Biochem Biophys Res Commun 122 1984 230
128. Harbers K. Kuehan M. Delius H. Insertion of retrovirus into the first intron of α1(I) collagen gene leads to embryonic fetal mutation in mice Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81 1984 1504
129. Hascall V.C. Hascall G.K. Hay E.D. Cell Biology of Extracellular Matrix 1981 Plenum Publishing New York 39
130. Hauschka P.V. Lian J.B. Gallop P.M. Direct identification of the calcium-binding amino acid, gamma-carboxyglutamate, in mineralized tissue Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72 1975 3925
131. Hauschka P.V. Reid P.V. Timed appearance of a calcium-binding protein containing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in developing chick bone Dev Biol 65 1978 426
132. Hauschka P.V. Carr S.A. Calcium-dependent a-helical structure in osteocalcin Biochem istry 21 1982 2538
133. Hauschka P.V. Mavrakos A.E. Iafrati M.D. Growth factors in bone matrix: Isolation of multiple types by affinity chromatography on heparin-sepharose J Biol Chem 261 1986 12665
134. Hatamochi A. Columbek P.T. van Schaftingen E. A CCAAT DNA binding factor consisting of two different components that are both required for DNA binding J Biol Chem 263 1988 5940
135. Heath J.K. Atkinson S.J. Meikle M.C. Mouse osteoblasts synthesize collagenase in response to bone resorbing agents Biochim Biophys Acta 802 1984 151
136. Heinegard D. Paulsson M. Inerot S. A novel low-molecular weight condroitin sulphate proteoglycan isolated from cartilage Biochem J 197 1981 355
137. Heinegard D. Paulsson M. Structure and metabolism of proteoglycans Piez K.A. Reddi A.H. Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry 1984 Elsevier New York 277
138. Heinegard D. Bjorne-Persson A. Coster L. The core proteins of large and small interstitial proteoglycans from various connective tissues form distinct subgroups Biochem J 230 1985 181
139. Heremans J.F. Les Globulines Sebrigues du Systeme Gamma 1960 Buxelles and Mason Paris 103
140. Herring G.M. Studies on the protein-bound chondroitin sulphate of bovine cortical bone Biochem J 107 1968 41
141. Herring G.M. Bourne G.H. The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, vol 1 1972 Academic Press New York 127
142. Hjertquist S.O. Vejlens L. The glycosaminoglycans of dog compact bone and epiphyseal cartilage in the normal state and with experimental hyperparathyroidism Calcif Tissue Res 2 1968 314
143. ++-binding protein SPARC (osteonectin) revealed by in situ hybridization J Cell Biol 105 1987 473
144. + +-binding glycoprotein: Evidence for the localisation of colligin in the endoplasmic reticulum Eur J Biochem 163 1987 57
145. Hunter G.K. Heersche J.N.M. Aubin J.E. Isolation of three species of proteoglycan synthesized by cloned bone cells Biochemistry 22 1983 831
146. Hunter G.K. Heersche J.N.M. Aubin J.E. Proteoglycan synthesis and deposition in fetal rat bone Biochemistry 23 1984 1572
147. Hynes R.O. The molecular biology of fibronectin Annu Rev Cell Biol 1 1985 67
148. Hynes R.O. Fibronectin Sci Am 254 1986 42
149. Hynes R.O. Integrins: A family of cell surface receptors Cell 48 1987 549
150. Ishihara M. Fedarko N.S. Conrad H.E. Transport of heparan sulfate into the nuclei of hepatocytes J Biol Chem 261 1986 13575
151. Johannson S. Hedman K. Kjellen L. Structure and interactions of proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix produced by cultured human fibroblasts Biochem J 232 1985 161
152. Jundt G. Berghäuser L.H. Termine J.D. Osteonectin—a differentiation marker of bone cells Cell Tissue Res 248 1987 409
153. Kaplan G.C. Eilon G. Poser J.W. Constitutive biosynthesis of bone Gla protein in a human osteosarcoma cell line Endocrinology 117 1985 1235
154. Kapoor R. Sakai L.Y. Funk S. Type VIII collagen has a restricted distribution in specialized extracellular matrices J Cell Biol 107 1988 721
155. Kardos T.B. Hubbard M.J. Factors and Mechanisms Influencing Bone Growth 1982 Alan R. Liss New York 45
156. Klein-Nulend J. Veldhuijzen P. van de Stadt R.J. Influence of intermittent compressive force on proteoglycan content in calcifying growth plate cartilage in vitro J Biol Chem 262 1987 15490
157. Khillan J.S. Schmidt A. Overbeck P.A. Developmental and tissue specific expression directed by the a2 type I collagen promoter in transgenic mice Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83 1986 725
158. Kinne R.W. Fisher L.W. Keratan sulfate proteoglycan in rabbit compact bone is bone sialoprotein II J Biol Chem 262 1987 10206
159. Kirscheke H. Barrett A.J. Lysosomes Glauman H. Ballard F.J. Their Role in Protein Breakdown 1987 Academic Press London 193
160. Kornfeld R. Kornfeld S. Comparative aspects of glycoprotein structure Annu Rev Biochem 45 1976 217
161. Krusius T. Gehlson K.R. Rouolahti E. A fibroblast chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein contains lectin-like and growth factor-like sequences J Biol Chem 262 1987 13120
162. Kubota T. Sato S. Sodek J. The process of degradation and dephosphorylation of osteopontin by the enzymes of phosphoproteinase (osteopontinase) and alkaline phosphatase J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S246
163. Kuwata F. Yao K.L. Sodek J. Identification of pre-osteonectin produced by cell-free translation of fetal porcine calvarial mRNA J Biol Chem 260 1985 6993
164. Laurent T.C. Fraser J.R.E. Functions of the Proteoglycans 1986 John Wiley & Sons (Ciba Foundation Symposium 124) Chichester, England 9
165. Lawler J.W. Derick L.H. Connolly J.H. The structure of human platelet thrombo spondin J Biol Chem 260 1985 3762
166. Leblond C.P. Weinstock M. The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone. IV. Calcification and Physiology 1976 Academic Press New York 517
167. 2HS-glycoprotein: The A and B chains with a connecting sequence are encoded by a single mRNA transcript Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84 1987 4403
168. 2HS-glycoprotein Immunology 42 1981 481
169. 2HS-glycoprotein to peripheral blood monocytes Immunol Comm 10 1981 541
170. Lian J.B. Dunn K. Key L. Jr In vitro degradation of bone particles by human monocytes is decreased with the depletion of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein from the matrix Endocrinology 118 1986 1636
171. Liau G. Szapary D. Setoyama C. Restriction enzyme digestions identify discrete domains in the chromatin around the promoter of the mouse α2(I) collagen gene J Biol Chem 261 1986 11362
172. 3 J Biol Chem 264 1989 3072
173. Linde A. Lussi A. Cronshaw M.A. Mineral induction by immobilized polyanionic proteins Calcif Tissue Int 44 1989 286
174. Linsenmeyer TF: In Fleischmajer R, Olsen BR, Kuhn K (eds): Structure, Molecular Biology and Pathology of Collagen. New York, New York Academy of Science (In Press)
175. Low M.G. Ferguson M.A.J. Futerman A.H. Covalently attached phosphatidylinositol as a hydrophobic anchor for membrane proteins Trends Biochem Sci 11 1986 212
176. Lowenstam H.A. Minerals formed by organisms Science 211 1981 1126
177. Lucas P.A. Price P.A. Caplan A.I. Chemotactic response of mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts and osteoblast-like cells to bone Gla protein Bone 9 1988 319
178. Majeska R.J. Wuthier R.E. Studies on matrix vesicles isolated from chicken epiphyseal cartilage: Association of pyrophosphatase Biochem Biophys Acta 391 1975 51
179. Majeska R.J. Nair B.C. Rodan G.A. Glucocorticoid regulation of alkaline phosphatase in the osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line ROS 17/2.8 Endocrinology 116 1981 170
180. Majeska R.J. Rodan G.A. Alkaline phosphatase inhibition by parathyroid hormone and isoproterenol in a clonal rat osteosarcoma cell line: Possible mediation by cyclic AMP Calcif Tissue Int 34 1982 59
181. 3 on alkaline phosphatase in osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells J Biol Chem 257 1982 3362
182. Majeska R.J. Dean J.W. Rodan G.A. Alkaline phosphatase biosynthesis in ROS 17/2.8 rat osteosarcoma cells J Bone Min Res l suppl 1 1986 59
183. Malaval L. Darbouret B. Preaudet C. Monoclonal antibody recognizing osteonectin from bone but not from platelet J Bone Min Res 3 suppl 1988 552
184. Malone J.D. Teitelbaum S.L. Griffin G.L. Recruitment of osteoblast precursors by purified bone matrix constituents J Cell Biol 92 1982 227
185. 2HS-glycoprotein is chemotactic for mononuclear phagocytes J Cell Physiol 132 1987 118
186. Mann S. Mineralization in biological systems Structure Bond 54 1983 126
187. Marini J.C. Gottesman G.S. Zasloff M.A. Human and chick α2(I) collagen mRNA: Comparison of the 5’ end in osteoblasts and fibroblasts Biochemistry 27 1988 3351
188. 3 stimulates the alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblast-like cells J Biol Chem 256 1981 7115
189. Mark M.P. Prince C.W. Oosawa T. Immunohistochemical demonstration of a 44-KD phosphoprotein in developing rat bones J Histochem Cytochem 35 1987 707
190. Mark M.P. Prince C.W. Gay S. A comparative immunocytochemical study on the subcellular distributions of 44 kDa bone phosphoprotein and bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-containing protein in osteoblasts J Bone Min Res 2 1987 337
191. Mark M.P. Butler W.T. Prince C.W. Developmental expression of 44-kDa bone phosphoprotein (osteopontin) and bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-containing protein (osteocalcin) in calcifying tissues of rat Differentiation 37 1988 123
192. Mark M.F.P. Prince C.W. Gay S. 44-kDal bone phosphoprotein (osteopontin) antigenicity at ectopic sites in newborn rats: Kidney and nervous tissues Cell Tissue Res 251 1988 23
193. Martin G.R. Timpl R. Müller The genetically distinct collagens Trends Biochem Sci 10 1985 285
194. r 43,000 EMBO J 5 1986 1465
195. Mayne R, Shimokomaki M, Wright DW: In Fleischmajor R, Olsen BR, Kuhn K (eds): Structure, Molecular Biology and Pathology of Collagen. New York, New York Academy of Science (In Press)
196. 2HS-glycoprotein, oqacid-glycoprotein, and IgE Calcif Tissue Int 34 1982 2299
197. McComb R.B. Bowers G.N. Jr Posen S. Alkaline Phosphatase 1979 Plenum New York
198. McKenna M.J. Hamilton T.A. Sussman H.H. Comparison of human alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes: Structural evidence for three protein classes Biochem J 181 1979 67
199. McKeon C. Schmidt A. de Crombrugghe B. A sequence conserved in both the chicken and mouse α2(I) collagen promoter contains sites sensitive to SI nuclease J Biol Chem 259 1986 6636
200. McVey H.H. Nomura S. Kelly P. Characterization of the mouse SPARC/Osteonectin gene: Intron/exon organization and an unusual promoter region J Biol Chem 263 1986 11111
201. Merlino G.T. McKeon C. de Crombrugghe B. Regulation of the expression of genes encoding Types I, II and III collagen during chick embryonic development J Biol Chem 258 1983 10041
202. Metsäranta M. Young M.F. Sandberg M. Localization of osteonectin expression in human fetal skeletal tissues by in situ hybridization Calcif Tissue Int 45 1989 146
203. Meyer J.C. Can biological calcification occur in the presence of pyrophosphate? Arch Biochem Biophys 231 1984 1
204. Mosher D.F. Fibronectin 1989 Academic Press New York
205. Mundy G.R. Poser J.W. Chemotactic activity of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid contain ing protein in bone Calcif Tissue Int 35 1983 164
206. Nair B.C. Majeska R.J. Rodan G.A. Rat alkaline phosphatase: I. Purification and charac terization of the enzyme from osteosarcoma: Generation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies Arch Biochem Biophys 254 1987 18
207. Nair B.C. Johnson D.E. Majeska R.J. Rat alkaline phosphatase: II. Structural similarities between the osteosarcoma, bone, kidney, and placental isoenzymes Arch Biochem Biophys 254 1987 28
208. Neuman W.F. Urist M.R. Fundamental and Clinical Bone Physiology 1980 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 83
209. Noda M. Yoon K. Rodan G.A. High lateral mobility of endogenous and transfected alkaline phosphatase: A phosphatidyl inositol-anchored membrane protein J Cell Biol 105 1987 1671
210. Noda M. Yoon K. Prince C.W. Transcriptional regulation of osteopontin production in rat osteosarcoma cells by type β transforming growth factor J Biol Chem 263 1988 13916
211. Noda M. Rodan G.A. Transcriptional regulation of osteopontin production in rat osteo-blast-like cells by parathyroid hormone J Cell Biol 108 1989 713
212. Nomura S. Willis A.J. Edwards D.R. Developmental expression of 2ar osteopontin and SPARC (osteonectin) RNA as revealed by in situ hybridization J Cell Biol 106 1988 441
213. Niyibizi C. Eyre D.R. Identification of the cartilage al(XI) chain in type V collagen from bovine bone FEBS Lett 242 1989 314
214. Nylen M.V. Scott D.B. Mosley V.M. Calcification in Biological Systems 1960 Am Assoc Adv Sei Washington, DC 129
215. Oikarinen J. Hatamochi A. de Crombrugge B. Separate binding sites for nuclear factor 1 and aCCAAT DNA binding factor in the mouse α2(I) collagen promoter J Biol Chem 262 1987 11064
216. Oldberg A. Franzen A. Heinegard D. Cloning and sequence analysis of rat bone sialoprotein (osteopontin) cDNA reveals an Arg-Gly-Asp cell-binding sequence Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83 1986 8819
217. Oldberg A. Franzen A. Heinegard D. The primary structure of a cell-binding bone sialoprotein J Biol Chem 263 1988 19430
218. Oldberg A. Franzen A. Heinegard D. Identification of a bone sialoprotein receptor in osteosarcoma cells J Biol Chem 263 1988 19433
219. O’Shea K.S. Dixit V.M. Unique distribution of the extracellular matrix component thrombospondin in the developing mouse embryo J Cell Biol 107 1988 2737
220. Otawara Y. Price P.A. Developmental appearance of matrix Gla protein during calcification in the rat J Biol Chem 261 1986 10828
221. Otsuka K. Sodek J. Limeback H. Synthesis of collagenase and collagenase inhibitors by osteoblast-like cells in culture Eur J Biochem 145 1984 123
222. Otsuka K. Yao K.L. Wasi S. Biosynthesis of osteonectin by fetal porcine calvarial cells in vitro J Biol Chem 259 1984 9805
223. Owen M.E. Triffitt J.T. Melick R.A. Hard Tissue Growth Repair and Remineralization 1973 Associated Scientific Publishers Amsterdam 263
224. Owen M.E. Friedenstein A.J. Evered D. Harnett S. Cell and Molecular Biology of Vertebrate Hard Tissues 1988 John Wiley & Sons Chichester, England 42
225. Paglia L. Wilczek J. Diaz de Leon L. Inhibition of procollagen cell-free synthesis by amino-terminal extension peptides Biochemistry 18 1979 5030
226. 3 in osteosarcoma cells J Biol Chem 259 1984 5844
227. Pan L.C. Price P.A. The propeptide of rat bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein shares homology with other vitamin K-dependent protein precursors Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82 1985 6109
228. Pan L.C. Williamson M.K. Price P.A. Sequence of the precursor to rat bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein that accumulates in warfarin-treated osteosarcoma cells J Biol Chem 260 1985 13398
229. Paralkar V.M. Nandedkar A.K.N. Reddi A.H. Affinity of osteogenin, an extracellular bone matrix associated protein initiating bone differentiation, for concanavallin A Biochem Biophys Res Commun 28 1989 419
230. Partridge N.C. Jeffrey J.J. Ehlich L.S. Hormonal regulation of the production of collagenase and a collagenase inhibitor activity by rat osteogenic sarcoma cells Endocrinology 120 1987 1956
231. Piez K.A. Structure and assembly of the native collagen fibril Connect Tissue Res 10 1982 25
232. Pihlajaniemi T, Tamminen M: The α1 chain of type XIII collagen: Polypeptide structure, alternative splicing and tissue distribution. In Fleishmajer R, Olsen BR, Kuhn K (eds): Structure, Molecular Biology and Pathology of Collagen. (In Press)
233. Pinnell S.R. Fox R. Krane S.M. Human collagens: Differences in glycosylated hydroxy-lysines in skin and bone Biochem Biophys Acta 229 1971 119
234. Poole A.R. Webber C. Pidoux I. Localization of a dermatan sulfate proteoglycan (DS-PGII) in cartilage and the presence of an immunologically related species in other tissues J Histochem Cytochem 34 1986 619
235. Poole A.R. Proteoglycans in health and disease: Structures and functions Biochem J 236 1986 1
236. Poser J.W. Price P.A. A method for decarboxylation of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in proteins J Biol Chem 254 1979 431
237. Poser J.W. Esch F.S. Ling N.C. Isolation and sequence of the vitamin K-dependent protein from human bone: Undercarboxylation of the first glutamic acid residue J Biol Chem 255 1980 8685
238. Posen S. Doherty E. Adv Clin Chem 22 1981 163
239. Posner A.S. Betts F. Veis A. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Connective Tissue 1981 Elsevier-North Holland Amsterdam 257
240. Price P.A. Otsuka A.S. Poser J.W. Characterization of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing protein from bone Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73 1976 1447
241. Price P.A. Lothringer J.W. Nishimoto S.K. Absence of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein in fetal rat mineral: Evidence for another gamma-carboxy glutamic acid containing component in bone J Biol Chem 255 1980 2398
242. 3 increases synthesis of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein by osteosarcoma cells J Biol Chem 255 1980 11660
243. Price P.A. Lothringer J.W. Baukol S.A. Developmental appearance of the vitamin K-dependent protein of bone during calcification J Biol Chem 256 1981 3781
244. Price P.A. Williamson M.K. Effects of warfarin on bone studies on the vitamin K dependent protein in rat bone J Biol Chem 256 1981 12754
245. Price P.A. Williamson M.K. Haba T. Excessive mineralization with growth plate closure in rats on chronic warfarin treatment Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79 1982 7734
246. Price P.A. Peck W.A. Bone and Mineral Research 1983 Excerpta Medica Princeton, New Jersey 157
247. Price P.A. Urist M.R. Otawara Y. Matrix Gla protein, a new gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein which is associated with the organic matrix of bone Biochem Biophys Res Commun 117 1983 P765
248. Price P.A. Williamson M.K. Primary structure of bovine matrix Gla protein, a new vitamin K-dependent bone protein J Biol Chem 260 1985 14971
249. Prince C.W. Rahemtulla F. Butler W.T. Metabolism of rat bone proteoglycans in vivo Biochem J 216 1983 589
250. 35S]sulphate into glycosamino-glycans by mineralized tissues in vivo Biochem J 224 1984 941
251. Prince C.W. Oosawa T. Butler W.T. Isolation, characterization, and biosynthesis of a phosphorylated glycoprotein from rat bone J Biol Chem 262 1987 2900
252. 3 regulates the biosynthesis of osteo-pontin, a bone-derived cell attachment protein, in clonal osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells Coll Relat Res 7 1987 305
253. Puchacz E. Lian J.B. Stein G.S. Chromosomal localization of the human osteocalcin gene Endocrinology 124 1989 2648
254. Putnam F.W. Alpha, beta, gamma, omega. The roster of the plasma proteins Putnam F.W. The Plasma Proteins, vol 1 ed 2 1975 Academic Press New York 58
255. Queich K.J. Cole W.G. Melick R.A. Noncollagenous proteins in normal and pathological human bone Calcif Tissue Int 36 1984 545
256. Reddi A.H. Huggins C.B. Biochemical sequences in the transformation of normal fibroblasts in adolescent rats Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69 1972 1601
257. Reddi A.H. Hascall V.C. Hascall G.K. Changes in proteoglycan types during matrix-induced cartilage and bone development J Biol Chem 253 1978 2429
258. Robison R. The possible significance of hexosphosphoric esters in ossification Biochem J 17 1923 286
259. Rodan G.A. Rodan S.R. Peck W.A. Bone and Mineral Research 1984 Elsevier Amsterdam 244
260. Romberg R.W. Werness P.G. Lollar P. Isolation and characterization of native adult osteonectin J Biol Chem 260 1985 2728
261. Romberg R.W. Werness P.G. Riggs B.L. Inhibition of hydroxyapatite crystal growth by bone-specific and other calcium-binding proteins Biochemistry 25 1986 1176
262. Rosen D.M. Purification of an osteoinductive factor from bovine demineralized bone J Cell Biol 107 1989 162a
263. Rosenberg L.C. Choi H.U. Tang L-H Isolation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycans from mature bovine articular cartilages J Biol Chem 260 1985 6304
264. Rossi P. de Crombrugghe B. Identification of a cell-specific transcriptional enhancer in the first intron of the mouse a2 (type I) collagen gene Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84 1987 5590
265. Rossi P. Karsenty G. Roberts A.B. A nuclear factor 1 binding site mediates the transcriptional activation of a type I collagen promoter by transforming growth factor-β Cell 52 1988 405
266. Rossouw C. Vergeen W. duPlooy S. DNA sequences in the first intron of the human pro-α1(I) collagen gene enhance transcription J Biol Chem 262 1986 15151
267. Ruoslahti E. Pierschbacher M.D. New perspectives in cell adhesion: rgd and integrins Science 238 1987 491
268. Sage H. Johnson C. Bornstein P. Characterization of a novel serum albumin-binding glycoprotein secreted by endothelial cells in culture J Biol Chem 259 1984 3993
269. ++-dependent binding to the extracellular matrix J Cell Biol 109 1989 341
270. Sage H. A secreted protein associated with cellular proliferation inhibits cell spreading in vitro J Cell Biol 107 1989 587a
271. Sampath T.K. Muthukumaran N. Reddi A.H. Isolation of osteogenin, an extracellular matrix-associated, bone-inductive protein, by heparin affinity chromatography Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84 1987 7109
272. Sauer G.R. Wuthier R.E. Fourier transform infrared characterization of mineral phases formed during induction of mineralization by collagenase-released matrix vesicles in vitro J Biol Chem 263 1988 13718
273. Sato K. Han D.C. Fujii Y. Thyroid hormone stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity in cultured rat osteoblastic cells (ROS 17/2.8) through 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine nuclear receptors Endocrinology 120 1987 1873
274. Sato S. Rahemtulla F. Prince C.W. Proteoglycans of adult bovine compact bone Connect Tissue Res 14 1985 65
275. Sato S. Kubota T. Sodek J. Purification and properties of a phosphoprotein proteinase (osteopontinase) activity from bovine periodontal ligament and rat calvarial bone and its relationship to alkaline phosphatase J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S247
276. Schenck R.K. Humziker E. Hermann W. Nancollas G.H. Biological Mineralization and Demineralization 1982 Springer-Verlag New York 143
277. Schlumberger W. Thie M. Volmer H. Binding and uptake of Col α1(I), a peptide capable of inhibiting collagen synthesis in fibroblasts J Cell Biol 46 1988 244
278. 2HS-glycopro-teins Biochim Biophys Acta 47 1960 440
279. Schmidt A. Rossi P. de Crombrugghe B. Transcriptional control of the mouse α2(I) collagen gene: Functional deletion analysis of the promoter and evidence for cell-specific expression Mol Cell Biol 6 1986 347
280. Schniecke A. Harbers K. Jaenisch R. Embryonic lethal mutation in mice induced by retrovirus insertion into the α1(I) collagen gene Nature (Lond) 304 1983 315
281. Schwartz R.C. Young M.F. Tsipouras P. Two RFLPs in the 5′ end of the human osteonectin (ON) gene Nucleic Acids Res 16 1988 9076
282. Scott J.E. Orford C.R. Hughes E.W. Proteoglycan-collagen arrangements in developing rat tail tendon Biochem J 195 1981 573
283. Scott J.E. Proteoglycan-fibrillar collagen interactions Biochem J 252 1988 313
284. Segarini P.R. Seyedin S.M. The high molecular weight receptor to transforming growth factor-β contains glycosaminoglycan chains J Biol Chem 263 1988 8366
285. Segrest J.R. Cunningham L.W. Variations in human urinary O-hydroxylysyl glucoside levels and their relationship to collagen metabolism J Clin Invest 49 1970 1497
286. Seyedin S.M. Thomas T.C. Thompson A.Y. Purification and characterization of two cartilage-inducing factors from demineralized boné Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82 1985 2267
287. Seyedin S.M. Thompson A.Y. Bentz H. CIF-A: Apparent identity to TGF-β J Biol Chem 261 1986 5693
288. Smith J.H. Denhardt D.T. Molecular cloning of a tumor promoter-inducible mRNA found in JB6 mouse epidermal cells: Induction is stable at high, but not at low, cell densities J Cell Biochem 34 1987 13
289. Somerman M.J. Prince C.W. Sauk J.J. Mechanism of fibroblast attachment to bone extracellular matrix: Role of a 44 kilodalton bone phosphoprotein J Bone Min Res 2 1987 259
290. Somerman M.J. Fisher L.W. Foster R.A. Human bone sialoprotein I and II enhance fibroblast attachment in vitro Calcif Tissue Int 43 1988 50
291. Somerman M.J. Prince C.W. Butler W.T. Cell attachment activity of the 44 kilodalton bone phosphoprotein is not restricted to bone cells Matrix 9 1989 49
292. Stenner D.D. Tracy R.P. Riggs B.L. Human platelets contain and secrete osteonectin, a major protein of mineralized bone Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83 1986 6892
293. Stepan J. Volek V. Kolar J. A modified inactivation-inhibition method for determining the serum activity of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes Clin Chem Acta 69 1976 1
294. Strickland S. Huarte J. Belin D. Antisense RNA directed against the 3′ noncoding region prevents dormant mRNA activation in mouse oocytes Science 241 1988 680
295. Sugahara K. Ho P.L. Dorfman A. Chemical and immunological characterization of proteoglycans of embryonic chick calvaria Dev Biol 85 1981 180
296. Swallow D.M. Mapping of the gene coding for the human liver/bone/kidney isozyme of alkaline phosphatase to chromosome 1 Ann Hum Genet 60 1986 229
297. Swaroop A. Hogan B.L.M. Francke U. Molecular analysis of the cDNA for human SPARC/Osteonectin/ BM-40: Sequence, expression and localization of the gene to chromosome 5q31-q33 Genomics 2 1988 37
298. Takaoka K. Yoshikawa H. Shimizu N. Purification of a bone-inducing substance (osteogenic factor) from murine osteosarcoma Biomed Res 2 1981 466
299. Termine J.D. Beicourt A.B. Christner P.J. Properties of dissociatively extracted fetal tooth matrix proteins. I. Principal molecular species in developing bovine enamel J Biol Chem 255 1980 9760
300. Termine J.D. Beicourt A.B. Miyamoto M.S. Properties of dissociatively extracted fetal tooth matrix proteins. II. Separation and purification of fetal bovine dentin phosphoprotein J Biol Chem 255 1980 9769
301. Termine J.D. Beicourt A.B. Conn K.M. Mineral and collagen-binding proteins of fetal calf bone J Biol Chem 256 1981 10403
302. Termine J.D. Kleinman H.K. Whitson S.W. Osteonectin, a bone-specific protein linking mineral to collagen Cell 26 1981 99
303. Traub W. Jodaikin A. Weiner S. Butler W.T. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues 1985 EBSCO Media Birmingham, Alabama 221
304. 2HS-glycoprotein and its accumulation in bone Nature (Lond) 262 1976 226
305. Triffitt J.T. Owen M.E. Preliminary studies on the binding of plasma albumin to bone tissue Calcif Tissue Res 23 1977 303
306. 2HS-glycoprotein and its uptake by bone tissue Calcif Tissue Res 26 1978 155
307. Triffitt J.T. The special proteins of bone tissue Clin Sci 72 1987 399
308. Tung P.S. Domenicucci C. Wasi S. Specific immunohistochemical localization of osteonectin and collagen types I and III in fetal and adult porcine dental tissues J Histochem Cytochem 33 1985 531
309. Tyree B. Characterization of a specific protease that cleaves osteonectin J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S120
310. Urist M.R. Bone: Formation by autoinduction Science 150 1965 893
311. Urist M.R. Juo Y.K. Brownell A.G. Purification of bovine bone morphogenetic protein by hydroxyapatite chromatography Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81 1984 371
312. Vaes G. Cellular biology and biochemical mechanisms of bone resorption: A review of recent developments on the formation, activation and mode of action of osteoclasts Clin Orthop Rel Res 231 1988 240
313. Valli M. Leonardi L. Strocchi R. In vitro fibril formation of type I collagen from different sources: Biochemical and morphological aspects Connect Tissue Res 15 1986 235
314. van der Rest M. Rosenberg L.C. Olsen B.R. Chondrocalcin is identical with the C-propeptide of type II procollagen Biochem J 237 1986 923
315. 2HS-glycoprotein Immunol Comm 3 1974 329
316. Vogel K.G. Fisher L.W. Comparisons of antibody reactivity and enzyme sensitivity between small proteoglycans from bovine tendon, bone, and cartilage J Biol Chem 261 1986 11334
317. Vogel J.G. Koob T.J. Fisher L.W. Characterization and interactions of a fragment of the core protein of the small proteoglycan (PGII) from bovine tendon Biochem Biophys Res Commun 148 1987 658
318. Vogeli G. Ohkubo H. Sobel M.E. Structure of the promoter for chicken a2 type I collagen gene Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78 1981 5534
319. von der Mark K. von der Mark H.G.S. Study of differential collagen synthesis during development of chick embryo by immunofluorescence: Localization of type I and II collagen during long bone development Dev Biol 53 1976 153
320. Voss B. Glossl J. Cully Z. Immunocytochemical investigation on the distribution of small chondroitin sulfate-dermatan sulfate proteoglycan in the human J Histochem Cytochem 34 1986 1013
321. Vuust J. Sobel M.E. Martin G.R. Regulation of type I collagen synthesis: Total proal(I) and proa2(I) mRNAs are maintained in a 2:1 ratio under varying rates of collagen synthesis Eur J Biochem 151 1985 449
322. Wang E.A. Rosen V. Cordes P. Purification and characterization of other distinct bone-inducing factors Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85 1988 9484
323. Wasi S. Otsuka K. Yao L.L. An osteonectin-like protein in porcine periodontal ligament and its synthesis by periodontal ligament fibroblasts Can J Biochem Cell Biol 62 1984 470
324. 3H proline administration J Cell Biol 60 1974 92
325. Weiss R.E. Reddi A.H. Synthesis and localization of fibronectin during collagenous matrix-mesenchymal cell interaction and differentiation of cartilage and bone in vivo Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77 1980 2074
326. Weiss R.E. Reddi A.H. Appearance of fibronectin during the differentiation of cartilage, bone and bone marrow J Cell Biol 88 1981 630
327. Weiss M.J. Henthorn P.S. Lafferty M.A. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a human liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83 1986 7182
328. Weston H. Bainton D.F. Alkaline phosphatase positive reticulum cells in the bone marrow stroma J Exp Med 150 1979 919
329. Wewer W.M. Albrechtsen R. Fisher L.W. Osteonectin/SPARC/BM-40 in human decidua and carcinoma, tissues characterized by de novo formation of basement membrane Am J Pathol 132 1988 345
330. Whyte M.P. Mahuren J.D. Vrabel L.A. Markedly increased circulating pyridoxal-5’-phosphate levels in hypophosphatasia J Clin Invest 76 1985 752
331. Wiestner M. Krieg T. Hörlein D. Inhibiting effect of procollagen peptides on collagen biosynthesis in fibroblast cultures J Biol Chem 254 1979 7016
332. Wiestner M. Fischer S. Dessau W. Collagen types synthesized by isolated calvarium cells Exp Cell Res 133 1981 115
333. Wight T.N. Raugi G.J. Mumby S.M. Light microscopic immunolocalization of thrombospondin in human tissues J Histochem Cytochem 33 1985 295
334. Wilson J.M. Ashton B. Triffitt J.T. The interaction of a component of bone organic matrix with the mineral phase Calcif Tissue Res 22 1977 458
335. Wozney J.M. Rosen V. Celeste A.J. Novel regulators of bone formation molecular clones and activities Science 242 1988 1528
336. Wrana J.L. Maeno M. Hawrylyshyn B. Differential effects of transforming growth factor-β on the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins by normal fetal rat calvarial bone cell populations J Cell Biol 106 1988 915
337. Wu C.H. Donovan C.B. Wu G.Y. Evidence for pretranslational regulation of collagen synthesis by procollagen propeptides J Biol Chem 261 1989 10482
338. Wuthier R.E. Electrolytes of isolated epiphyseal chondrocytes, matrix vesicles, and extracellular fluid Calcif Tissue Res 23 1977 125
339. Wuthier R.E. Gore S.T. Partition of inorganic ions and phospholipids in isolated cell membrane and matrix vesicle fractions: Evidence for Ca-Pi-acidic phospholipid complexes Calcif Tissue Res 24 1977 163
340. Wuthier R.E. Linder R.E. Warner G.P. Non-enzymatic isolation of matrix vesicles: Characterization and initial studies on Ca and P-orthophosphate metabolism Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1 1978 125
341. Wuthier R.E. Register T.C. Role of alkaline phosphatase, a polyfunctional enzyme, in mineralizing tissues Butler W.T. The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues 1985 EBSCO Media Birmingham, Alabama 113
342. Wuthier R.E. A review of the primary mechanism of endochondral calcification with special emphasis on the role of cells, mitrochondria and matrix vesicles Clin Orthop 169 1982 219
343. Yamada Y. Mudryj M. de Crombrugghe B. A uniquely conserved regulatory signal is found around the translation initiation site in three different collagen genes J Biol Chem 258 1983 14914
344. Yoon K. Buenaga R. Rodan G.A. Tissue specificity and developmental expression of rat osteopontin Biochem Biophys Res Commun 148 1987 1129
345. 3 Biochemistry 27 1988 8521
346. 2-HS glycoprotein J Biol Chem 261 1986 1665
347. Young M.F. Bolander M.E. Day A.A. Osteonectin mRNA: Distribution in normal and transformed cells Nucleic Acids Res 14 1986 4483
348. Young M.F. Findlay D.M. Dominguez P. Osteonectin promoter: DNA sequence analysis and SI endonuclease site, potentially associated with transcriptional control in bone cells J Biol Chem 264 1989 450
349. Young M.F. Fisher L.W. McBride O.W. Chromosomal localization of bone matrix PGI (biglycan), PGII (decorin), osteopontin and bone sialoprotein in the human genome J Bone Min Res 4 suppl 1989 S380
350. Zung P. Domenicucci C. Wasi S. Osteonectin is a minor component of mineralized connective tissues in rat Biochem Cell Biol 64 1986 356