Mist and fog interception in elfin cloud forests in Colombia and Venezuela

Journal of Tropical Ecology

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 1989, Pages 309-322

  Cavelier, Jaime ^a   Goldstein, Guillermo ^a  

^a FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS   (Venezuela)

Author keywords

cloud forest; Colombia; fog interception; leaf angle; mist; mountain forests; Neotropics; tropical mountains; Venezuela; water sources

Indexed keywords

ELFIN CLOUD FOREST; FOG; FOREST HYDROLOGY; INTERCEPTION; LEAF ANGLE; MIST; TROPICAL FOREST;

COLOMBIA; VENEZUELA;

EID: 0024797507     PISSN: 02664674     EISSN: 14697831     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0266467400003709     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Andressen, R. L. 1966. Estudio climatologico de las islas de Margarita, Coche y Cubagua. Estado Nueva Esparta. Ministerio de Agricultura y Cria. Caracas. 58 pp.
2. Andressen, R. L. 1978. Crecimiento de la gota de agua y contenido de agua liquida en nubes, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Escuela de Geografia, Merida, Venezuela. 60 pp.
3. Bates, M. 1948. Climate and vegetation in the Villavicencio region of eastern Colombia. Geographical Review 38:555-574.
4. Baynton, H. W. 1968. The ecology of an elfin forest in Puerto Rico, 2. The microclimate of Pico del Oeste. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 49:419-430.
5. Baynton, H. W. 1969. The ecology of an elfin forest in Puerto Rico, 3. Hilltop and forest influence on the microclimate of Pico del Oeste. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 50:80-92.
6. Beard, J. S. 1944. Climax vegetation in tropical America. Ecology 25:127-158.
7. Brass, L. J. 1941. The 1938-9 expedition to the snow mountains, Netherlands New Guinea. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 22:271-295; 297-342.
8. Brass, L. J. 1956. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 75. Summary of the Fourth Archbold Expedition to New Guinea (1953). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 111:80-152.
9. Cavelier, J. 1986. Relaciones hidricas y de nutrientes en bosques enanos nublados. Tesis de Maestria. Universidad de los Andes, ULA, Merida, Venezuela. 273 pp.
10. Chanery, W. R. 1981. Sources of water. Pp. 1-47 in Kozlowski, T. T. (ed.). Water deficits and plant growth. Vol. VI, Woody plant communities. Academic Press.
11. Chylek, K. P. 1978. Extinction and liquid water content of fogs and clouds. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 35:296-300.
12. Clegg, A. G. 1963. Rainfall interception in a tropical forest. Caribbean Forester 24:75-79.
13. Ekern, P. C. 1964. Direct interception of cloud water on Lanaihale, Hawaii. Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America 28:419-421.
14. Grubb, P. J. 1977. Control of forest growth and distribution on wet tropical mountains: With special/reference to mineral nutrition. Annual Reivew of Ecology and Systematics 8:83-107.
15. Grubb, P. J. & Whitmore, T. C. 1966. Comparison of montane and lowland rain forests in Ecuador. II. The climate and its effects on the distribution and physiognomy of forests. Journal of Ecology 54:303-333.
16. Howard, R. A. 1970. The ‘alpine’ plants of the Antilles. Biotropica 2:24-28.
17. Huber, O. 1986. El Clima, Pp. 17-29 in Huber, O. (ed.). La selva nublada de Rancho Grande, Parque Nacional ‘H. Pittier’. El ambiente fisico, ecologia vegetal y anatomia vegetal. Fondo Editorial Acta Cientifica Venezolana, Caracas. 288 pp.
18. Jacob, D. J., Waldman, J. M., Munger, J. W. & Hoffman, M. 1984. A field investigation of physical and chemical mechanisms affecting pollutant concentrations in fog droplets. Tellus 36B: 272-285.
19. Johnston, J. R. 1909. Flora of the islands of Margarita and Coche, Venezuela. Contributions of the Gray Herbarium 37:1-149.
20. Kapos, V. & Tanner, E. V. J. 1985. Water relations of Jamaican Upper Montane Rain Forest trees. Ecology 66:241-250.
21. Lahey, J. F. 1958. On the origin of the dry climate in northern South America and the southern Caribbean. Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin Scientific Report 10:1-290.
22. Lawton, R. & Dryer, V. 1980. The vegetation of Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve. Brenesia 18:101-116.
23. Lovett, G. M. 1981. Forest structure and atmospheric interactions: Predictive models for subalpine Balsam Fir Forests. Ph.D. Thesis, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, August 1981. 225 pp.
24. Marloth, R. 1904. Results of experiments on Table Mountain for ascertaining the amount of moisture deposited from the south-east clouds. Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society 14:403-408.
25. Marloth, R. 1907. Results of further experiments on Table Mountain. Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society 16:97-105.
26. Medina, E. 1983. Adaptations of tropical trees to moisture stress. Pp. 225-237 in Golley, F. B. (ed.). Tropical rainforest ecosystems: Structure and function. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company
27. Medina, E., Cuevas, E. & Weaver, P. L. 1981. Composicion foliar y transpiracion de especies lenosas de Pico del Este, Sierra de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Acta Cientifica Venezolana 32:159-165.
28. Monasterio, M. 1980. Estudios ecologicos en los Paramos Andinos. Universidad de los Andes, ULA, Merida, Venezuela.
29. Oberlander, G. T. 1956. Summer fog precipitation in San Francisco peninsula. Ecology 37:851.
30. Odum, H. T., Drewry, G. & Kline, J. R. 1970. Climate at El Verde, 1963-1966. Pp. B-347-B-418 in Odum, H. T. & Pigeon, R. F. (eds). A tropical rain forest, a study of irradiation and ecology at El Verde, Puerto Rico. Division of Technical information. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
31. Ortega, F. J. 1982. La fitogeografia de las pteridofictas de la isla de Margarita. Memorias de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 42:135-150.
32. Van Reen, G. 1983. Distribution y ecologia de musgos y hepaticas. Pp. 206-209 in van der Hammen, T. et al (eds). Studies on tropical Andean ecostystems. Vol. 1 La Cordillera Central Colombiana, Transecto Parque los Nevados (Introduccion y datos preliminares). J. Cramer.
33. Rieger, W. 1976. Vegetationskundliche Untersuchengen der Guajira-Halbinsel (Nordost-Kolumbien) Giessener Geogrische Schriften Heft 40:1-142.
34. Snow, J. W. 1976. The climate of Northern South America. Pp. 245-379 in Schwerdtfeger, W. (ed.). World survey of climatology. Vol. 12. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
35. Steyermark, J. S. & Huber, O. 1978. Flora del Avila. Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Naturales, Caracas. 971 pp.
36. Sugden, A. M. 1982. The vegetation of Serrania de Macuira, Guajira, Colombia: A contrast of arid lowlands and an isolated cloud forest. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 63:1-30.
37. Sugden, A. M. 1986. The montane vegetation and flora of Margarita Island, Venezuela. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 67:187-232.
38. Sugden, A. M. & Robins, R. L. 1979. Aspects of the ecology of vascular epiphytes in two Columbian cloud forests. I. The distribution of the epiphytic flora. Biotropica 11:173-188.
39. Tamayo, F. 1941. Exploraciones botanicas en la Peninsula de Paraguana, Estado Falcon. Boletin de ka Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias. 7:1-44.
40. Tanner, E. V. J. 1977. Four montane rain forests of Jamaica: A quantitative chracterization of the floristics, the soils and the foliar mineral levels, and a discussion of the interrelations. Journal of Ecology 65:883-918.
41. Vogelmann, H. W. 1973. Fog interception in the cloud forest of eastern Mexico. Bioscience 23:96-100.
42. Walter, H. & Leith, H. 1964. Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas. I. Lieferung 1964, VEB Gustavav Fisher Verlag, Jena.
43. Weff, H. H. van der, 1978. The vegetation of the Galapagos Islands. Ph.D. Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, the Netherlands.