The Design and Assessment of λ/4 Phase-Shifted DFB Laser Structures

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 1989, Pages 1261-1279

  Whiteaway, James E A ^a   Thompson, G H B ^a   Collar, Andrew J ^a   Armistead, Christopher J ^a  

^a NORTEL NETWORKS   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

OPTICAL GRATINGS; WAVEGUIDES, OPTICAL;

DIODE LASERS; DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK LASERS; PITCH GRATINGS; PLANAR OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES;

LASERS, SEMICONDUCTOR;

EID: 0024681943     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: 15581713     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3.29257     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. B. J. Ainslie and C. R. Day, “A review of single-mode fibers with modified dispersion characteristics,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. LT-4. pp. 967–979, Aug. 1986.
2. H. Kogelnik and C. V. Shank, “Coupled-wave theory of distributed feedback lasers,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 2327–2335, 1972.
3. S. Wang, “Principles of distributed feedback and distributed Bragg-reflector lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-10, pp. 413–427, Apr. 1974.
4. K. Sekartedjo, N. Eda, K. Furuya, Y. Suematsu, F. Koyama, and T. Tanbun-ek, “1.5 μm phase-shifted DFB lasers for single mode operation,” Electron. Lett., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 80–81, 1984.
5. K. Utaka, S. Akiba, K. Sakai, and Y. Matsushima, “Analysis of quarter-wave-shifted DFB laser,” Electron. Lett., vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 326–327, 1984.
6. H. Soda, H. Ishikawa, and H. Imai, “Design of DFB lasers for high power single-mode operation,” Electron. Lett., vol. 22, no. 20, pp. 1047–1049, 1986.
7. —, “Design for single-mode asymmetric quarter-wavelength-shifted DFB laser with high differential efficiency,” Electron. Lett., vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 598–599, 1987.
8. H. Soda, Y. Kotaki, H. Sudo, H. Ishikawa, S. Yamakoshi. and H. Imai, “Stability in single longitudinal mode operation in Ga-lnAsP/InP phase-adjusted DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-23. pp. 804–814, June 1987.
9. G. H. B. Thompson, Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, New York: Wiley, 1980, ch. 8.
10. —, Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, New York: Wiley, 1980, Appendix 4.
11. M.-C. Amann, “Polarization control in ridge-waveguide-laser diodes,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 50, no. 16. pp. 1038–1040. Apr. 1987.
12. W. Streifer, D. R. Scifres, and R. D. Burnham, “Analysis of grating-coupled radiation in GaAs:GaAlAs lasers and waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-12, pp. 422–428, July 1976.
13. W. Streifer, R. D. Burnham, and D. R. Scifres, “Analysis of grating-coupled radiation in GaAs. GaAlAs lasers and waveguides—11: Blazing effects,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-12. pp. 494–499, Aug. 1976.
14. G. H. B. Thompson, Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, New York: Wiley, 1980, pp. 73–77.
15. —. “Temperature dependence of threshold current in (GaIn)(AsP) DH lasers at 1.3 and 1.5 μm wavelength.” IEE Proc., vol. 128, pt.l. no. 2, pp. 37–43, Apr. 1981.
16. C. H. Henry, “Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. vol. QE-18. pp. 259–264, Feb. 1982.
17. S. Ogita, M. Yano, and H. Imai, “Theoretical calculation of the linewidth enhancement factor of DFB lasers.” Electron. Lett., vol. 22. no. 11, pp. 580–581, May 1986.
18. S. Ogita, M. Yano, H. Ishikawa. and H. Imai, “Linewidth reduction in DFB laser by detuning effect,” Electron. Lett., vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 393–394. Apr. 1987.
19. G. H. B. Thompson, Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, New York: Wiley, 1980, pp. 98–99.
20. G. H. B. Thompson, P. A. Kirkby, and J. E. A. Whiteaway, “The analysis of optical scattering in double-heterostructure and fivelaser heterostructure (GaAl)As/GaAs injection lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-11, pp. 481–488, July 1975.
21. R. F. Kazarinov and C. H. Henry, “Second-order distributed feedback lasers with mode selection provided by first order radiation losses,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-21. pp. 144–150, Feb. 1985.
22. T. Makino and J. Glinski, “Effects of radiation loss on the performance of second-order DFB semiconductor lasers.” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-24, pp. 73–82, Jan. 1988.
23. K. Petermann, “Calculated spontaneous emission factor for double-heterostructure injection lasers with gain-induced waveguiding,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-15. pp. 566–570, July 1979.
24. J. Wang, N. Schunk, and K. Petermann, “Linewidth enhancement for DFB lasers due to longitudinal field dependence in the laser cavity,” Electron. Lett., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 715–717, July 1987.
25. H. Soda and H. Imai, “Analysis of the spectrum behavior below the threshold in DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-22, pp. 637–641, May 1986.
26. K. Kojima, K. Kyuma, and T. Nakayama, “Analysis of the spectral linewidth of distributed feedback laser diodes.” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. LT-3, pp. 1048–1055, Oct. 1985.
27. K. Iga, “On the use of effective refractive index in DFB laser mode separation,” Japan. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 23, no. 10, p. 1630, 1983.
28. J. Kinoshita, “Validity of kl evaluation by stopband method for λ/4 DFB lasers with low reflecting facets,” Electron. Lett., vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 499–501, May 1987.
29. Y. Hirayama, H. Okuda, H. Furuyama, J. Kinoshita, and M. Nakamura, “Determination of coupling coefficient of DFB lasers by a newly proposed method,” Electron. Lett., vol. 23. no. 3, pp. 101–103, Jan. 1987.
30. S. Ogita, Y. Kotaki, K. Kihara, M. Matsuda, H. Ishikawa, and H. Imai, “Dependence of spectral linewidth on cavity length and coupling coefficient in DFB laser,” Electron. Lett., vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 613–614, May 1988.
31. M-C. Wu, Y-H. Lo, and S. Wang, “Linewidth broadening due to longitudinal spatial hole burning in a long distributed feedback laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 52, no. 14, pp. 1119–1121, Apr. 1988.
32. P. Correc, “Design of narrow-linewidth phase-shifted distributed feedback lasers.” IEE Proc., vol. 135, pt. J, no. 1, pp. 64–67, Feb. 1988.
33. G. H. B. Thompson, Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, New York: Wiley, 1980, pp. 466 and 469–470.
34. L. D. Westbrook, A. W. Nelson, P. J. Fiddyment, and J. S. Evans, “Continuous-wave operation of 1.5 μm distributed feedback ridge waveguide lasers,” Electron. Lett., vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 225–226, 1984.
35. A. J. Collar, S. J. Clements, B. R. Butler, D. J. Moule, C. J. Armistead. J. E. A. Whiteaway, and A. Rashid, “DFB lasers fabricated by electron beam lithography for high density W. D. M. systems,” in Tech. Dig. ECOC 87, Helsinki, Finland, vol. 1, pp. 70–73, 1987.
36. C. J. Armistead, S. A. Wheeler, and R. G. Plumb, “Low threshold ridge waveguide lasers at X = 1.5 μm,” Electron. Lett., vol. 22, no. 21, pp. 1145–1147, 1986.
37. A. M. Rashid, R. Murison, J. Haynes, G. D. Henshall, T. E. Stockton, and A. Janssen, “High reliability low-threshold InGaAsP ridge waveguide lasers emitting at 1.3 μm,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 6, pp. 25–29, Jan. 1988.
38. P. J. Anslow, “Evaluation of a 1.53 μm DFB laser for use in high dispersion multigigabit transmission systems,” in Tech. Dig. IEE Colloq. High Capacity Fibre Optic. Systems, no. 23, p. 3, Feb. 1987.
39. P. J. Anslow and I. J. Goddard, “DFB evaluation in high speed high dispersion single mode systems,” in Proc. 12th ECOC, Barcelona, Spain, Sept. 1986, pp. 487–490.
40. A. R. Goodwin and J. E. A. Whiteaway, “Modeling of wavelength stability of distributed feedback lasers subjected to simulated localized degradation.”
41. G. P. Agrawal and N. K. Dutta, Long-Wavelength Semiconductor Lasers. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1986, pp. 84–94 and 227.
42. —, Long-Wavelength Semiconductor Lasers. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1986, pp. 94–123.