Headphone Simulation Of Free-Field Listening. I: Stimulus Synthesis

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 85, Issue 2, 1989, Pages 858-867

  Wightman, Frederic L ^a   Kistler, Doris J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUDITORY STIMULATION; HEAD PHONE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LISTENING; NORMAL HUMAN;

ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; AMPLIFIERS; AUDITORY PERCEPTION; EAR CANAL; HUMAN; SOUND LOCALIZATION; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S.; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE;

EID: 0024592041     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: NA     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.397557     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Blauert, J. (1969). “Sound localization in the median plane,” Acustica 22, 205-213.
2. Blauert, J. (1983). Spatial Hearing: The Psychophysics of Human Sound Localization (MIT, Cambridge, MA).
3. Bloom, P. J. (1977). “Creating source elevation illusions by spectral manipulation,” J. Audio Eng. Soc. 25, 560-565.
4. Butler, R. A. (1975). “The influence of the external and middle ear on auditory discriminations,” in Handbook of Sensory Physiology, edited by W. D. Keidel and W. D. Neff (Springer, Berlin).
5. Butler, R. A., and Belendiuk, K. (1977). “Spectral cues utilized in the localization of sound in the median sagittal plane,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 61, 1264-1269.
6. Butler, R. A., and Planert, N. (1976). “The influence of stimulus band-width on localization of sound in space,” Percept. Psychophys. 19, 103-108.
7. Fisher, H., and Freedman, S. (1968). “The role of the pinna in auditory localization,” J. Aud. Res. 8, 15-26.
8. Gardner, M. B., and Gardner, R. S. (1973). “Problem of localization in the median plane: Effect of pinnae cavity occlusion,” J. Acoust. Am. Soc. 53, 400-408.
9. Hebrank, J., and Wright, D. (1974). “Spectral cues used in localization of sound sources on the median plane,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56,1829-1834.
10. Jongkees, L., and Groen, J. (1946). “On directional hearing,” J. Laryngol. Otol. 61, 494-504.
11. Kuhn, G. (1977). “Model for the interaural time differences in the azi-muthal plane,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 157-167.
12. Mehrgardt, S., and Mellert, V. (1977). “Transformation characteristics of the external human ear,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 61, 1567-1576.
13. Oldfield, S., and Parker, S. (1984). “Acuity of sound localisation: a topography of auditory space. II. Pinna cues absent,” Perception 13, 6601-617.
14. Plenge, G. (1974). “On the difference between localization and lateralization,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 944-951.
15. Searle, C. L., Braida, L. D., Cuddy, D. R., and Davis, M. F. (1975). “Binaural pinna disparity: Another auditory localization cue,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57, 448-455.
16. Searle, C. L., Braida, L. D., Davis, M. F., and Colburn, S. (1976). “A model for auditory localization,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 1164-1175.
17. Schroeder, M. R. (1970). “Synthesis of low-peak-factor signals and binary sequences with low autocorrelation,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory IT-16, 85-89.
18. Shaw, E. A. G. (1965). “Earcanal pressure generated by a free sound field,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 39, 465-470.
19. Shaw, E. A. G. (1974). “Transformation of sound pressure level from the free field to the eardrum in the horizontal plane,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 1848-1861.
20. Strutt, J. W. (Lord Rayleigh). (1907). “On our perception of sound direction,” Philos. Mag. 13, 214-232.
21. Tribolet, J. M. (1977). “A new phase unwrapping algorithm,” IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process ASSP-25, 170-177.
22. Watkins, A. J. (1978). “Psychoacoustical aspects of synthesized vertical locale cues,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 63, 1152-1165.
23. Wiener, F. M., and Ross, D. A. (1946). “The pressure distribution in the auditory canal in a progressive sound field,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 18, 401-408.
24. Wightman, F. L., and Kistler, D. J. (1989). “Headphone simulation of free-field listening. II: Psychophysical validation,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 868-878.