Coffee After Copper? Structural Adjustment, Liberalisation, and Agriculture in Zambia

The Journal of Modern African Studies

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 1988, Pages 227-251

  Kydd, Jonathan ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL SECTOR; COFFEE; COPPER PRICE; ECONOMIC REFORM; FOOD SUBSIDY;

ZAMBIA;

EID: 0024230153     PISSN: 0022278X     EISSN: 14697777     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0022278X00010454     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Sources in order of presentation: Times of Zambia (Lusaka), 26 June 1987
2. Zambia Daily Mail (Lusaka), 25 June 1986
3. Times of Zambia, 13 August 1986, 19 May 1986, 27 August 1986, 19 August 1986, 23 March 1987, 20 August 1986, 29–30 June 1987, and 18 February 1987.
4. Jonathan Kydd, ‘Changes in Zambian Agricultural Policy Since 1983: problems of liberalisation and agrarianisation’, in Development Policy Review (London), 4, 3, September 1986, pp. 233–59.
5. In a total population of about 7.2 million, the most recent estimate of unemployment, which has to be regarded as an extremely broad guess, is 2 million, given by Ben Zulu, Minister of State for Youth; Times of Zambia, 28 July 1987. The observation of labour shortage on commercial farms comes from the author's fieldwork in July 1985 and April and November 1986. The disappointing response to voluntary resettlement programmes was commented on by President Kaunda in July 1987, in a speech in which he raised the possibility of amending the constitution to permit forcible repatriation of the unemployed; Times of Zambia 13 August 1987. At the end of the year the proposed constitutional amendment was on the agenda for discussion at the U.N.I.P. National Council; Times of Zambia 19 December 1987.
6. For the classic discussion of what has happened since independence, see Doris J. Dodge, ‘Agricultural Policy and Performance in Zambia: history, prospects and proposals for change’, Institute of International Studies, Berkeley Research Series, No. 32, 1977. A more recent interpretation is provided by Jonathan Kydd in Charles Harvey (ed.), Agricultural Pricing and Marketing in Africa (London, 1988).
7. For the views of the Government of Zambia, see ‘Restructuring in the Midst of Crisis’, background papers for the Consultative Group for Zambia, Paris, May 1984, Vol. I
8. ‘Development Policies and Objectives’, and Vol. II, ‘The Expenditure Programme’; also ‘An Action Programme for Economic Restructuring’, Consultative Group for Zambia, June 1985.
9. For World Bank views, see ‘Zambia. Country Economic Memorandum: issues and options for economic diversification’, Eastern Africa Country Programs Department, April 1984, and ‘Report to the Consultative Group on Zambia on Progress Towards Economic Restructuring’, Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office, April 1985.
10. For academic analyses, see Philip Daniel, ‘Zambia: structural adjustment or downward spiral?’, in IDS Bulletin (Brighton), 16, 3, July 1985, and
11. Kydd, IDS Bulletin 1986 and 1988.
12. Kydd, IDS Bulletin 1986, pp. 235–6.
13. Government of Zambia, IDS Bulletin 1984 and 1985.
14. Evidence of the I.M.F.'s conditions for continuation of support in the first quarter of 1987 comes from the Prime Minister's briefing of diplomats shortly after the break with the I.M.F., reported in Times of Zambia, 6 May 1987.
15. Ahmed Abdalla, Director of the I.M.F.'s Africa Department, quoted in Times of Zambia, 19 and 20 June 1987.
16. Times of Zambia, 24 November 1987.
17. As already noted, Times of Zambia the classic critique of the post-independence performance of Zambian agriculture is Dodge
18. More up-to-date additions to this literature include Kydd, Times of Zambia 1988 and two studies by the Eastern and Southern Africa Projects Department of the World Bank, ‘Zambia: policy options and strategies for agricultural growth’, June 1984, and ‘Zambia: agricultural pricing and parastatal performance’, June 1986.
19. Dodge, Times of Zambia
20. and World Bank, Times of Zambia ‘Policy Options and Strategies’.
21. Kydd, Times of Zambia 1988.