메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 6, 1988, Pages 543-555

Expression of Transforming Growth Factor α and its Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Human Breast Cancer: Its Regulation by Estrogen and its Possible Functional Significance

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTRADIOL; MESSENGER RNA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 0023944689     PISSN: 08888809     EISSN: 19449917     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/mend-2-6-543     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (398)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0003044440 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine responsive cancers of man
    • Williams RH (ed), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia
    • Lippman ME 1985 Endocrine responsive cancers of man. In: Williams RH (ed) Textbook of Endocrinology. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, pp 355-411
    • (1985) Textbook of Endocrinology , pp. 355-411
    • Lippman, M.E.1
  • 2
    • 0022616984 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of estrogen responsive transforming activity in human breast cancer cell lines
    • Bates S, McManaway ME, Lippman ME, Dickson RB1986 Characterization of estrogen responsive transforming activity in human breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res46:1707-1713
    • (1986) Cancer Res , vol.46 , pp. 1707-1713
    • Bates, S.1    McManaway, M.E.2    Lippman, M.E.3    Dickson, R.B.4
  • 4
    • 0000201238 scopus 로고
    • Growth factors from murine sarcoma virus-transformed cells
    • DeLarco JE, Todaro GJ 1978 Growth factors from murine sarcoma virus-transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA75:4001-4005
    • (1978) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.75 , pp. 4001-4005
    • Delarco, J.E.1    Todaro, G.J.2
  • 5
    • 0009518290 scopus 로고
    • Sarcoma growth factor from conditioned medium of virally transformed cells is composed of both type α and type β transforming growth factors
    • Anzano MA, Roberts AB, Smith JM, Sporn MB, DeLarco JE 1983 Sarcoma growth factor from conditioned medium of virally transformed cells is composed of both type α and type β transforming growth factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:6264-6268
    • (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.80 , pp. 6264-6268
    • Anzano, M.A.1    Roberts, A.B.2    Smith, J.M.3    Sporn, M.B.4    Delarco, J.E.5
  • 6
    • 0020319268 scopus 로고
    • Human transforming growth factor. Production by a melanoma cell line, purification, and initial characterization
    • Marquardt H, Todaro GJ 1982 Human transforming growth factor. Production by a melanoma cell line, purification, and initial characterization. J Biol Chem 257:5220-5225
    • (1982) J Biol Chem , vol.257 , pp. 5220-5225
    • Marquardt, H.1    Todaro, G.J.2
  • 7
    • 0020611291 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factors in solid human malignant neoplasms
    • Nickell KA, Halper J, Moses HL 1983 Transforming growth factors in solid human malignant neoplasms. Cancer Res43:1966-1971
    • (1983) Cancer Res , vol.43 , pp. 1966-1971
    • Nickell, K.A.1    Halper, J.2    Moses, H.L.3
  • 9
    • 0022407461 scopus 로고
    • Partial purification and characterization of a hepatocyte growth factor produced by rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells
    • Luetteke NC, Michalopoulos GK 1985 Partial purification and characterization of a hepatocyte growth factor produced by rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Res45:6331-6337
    • (1985) Cancer Res , vol.45 , pp. 6331-6337
    • Luetteke, N.C.1    Michalopoulos, G.K.2
  • 10
    • 0022550599 scopus 로고
    • Production of transforming growth factors by human colon cancer lines
    • Coffey RJ Jr., Shipley GD, Moses HL 1986 Production of transforming growth factors by human colon cancer lines. Cancer Res 46:1164-1169
    • (1986) Cancer Res , vol.46 , pp. 1164-1169
    • Coffey, R.J.1    Shipley, G.D.2    Moses, H.L.3
  • 11
    • 0019303558 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factors: Isolation of polypeptides from virally and chemically transformed cells by acid/ethanol extraction
    • Roberts AB, Lamb LC, Newton DL, Sporn MB, DeLarco JE, Todaro GJ 1980 Transforming growth factors: Isolation of polypeptides from virally and chemically transformed cells by acid/ethanol extraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:3494-3498
    • (1980) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.77 , pp. 3494-3498
    • Roberts, A.B.1    Lamb, L.C.2    Newton, D.L.3    Sporn, M.B.4    Delarco, J.E.5    Todaro, G.J.6
  • 12
    • 0020806079 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factors produced by retrovirus-transformed rodent fibroblasts and human melanoma cells: Amino acid sequence homology with epidermal growth factor
    • Marquardt H, Hunkapiller MW, Hood LE, Twardzik DR, DeLarco JE, Stephenson JR, Todaro GJ 1983 Transforming growth factors produced by retrovirus-transformed rodent fibroblasts and human melanoma cells: Amino acid sequence homology with epidermal growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:4684-4688
    • (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.80 , pp. 4684-4688
    • Marquardt, H.1    Hunkapiller, M.W.2    Hood, L.E.3    Twardzik, D.R.4    Delarco, J.E.5    Stephenson, J.R.6    Todaro, G.J.7
  • 13
    • 0021360015 scopus 로고
    • Rat transforming growth factor type I: Structure and relation to epidermal growth factor
    • Marquardt H, Hunkapiller MW, Hood LE, Todaro GJ 1984Rat transforming growth factor type I: Structure and relation to epidermal growth factor. Science 223:1079-1083
    • (1984) Science , vol.223 , pp. 1079-1083
    • Marquardt, H.1    Hunkapiller, M.W.2    Hood, L.E.3    Todaro, G.J.4
  • 14
    • 0019304894 scopus 로고
    • Sarcoma growth factor from mouse sarcoma virus-transformed cells. Purification by binding and elution from epidermal growth factor receptor-rich cells
    • DeLarco JE, Reynolds R, Carlberg K, Engle C, Todaro GJ1980 Sarcoma growth factor from mouse sarcoma virus-transformed cells. Purification by binding and elution from epidermal growth factor receptor-rich cells. J Biol Chem255:3685-3690
    • (1980) J Biol Chem , vol.255 , pp. 3685-3690
    • Delarco, J.E.1    Reynolds, R.2    Carlberg, K.3    Engle, C.4    Todaro, G.J.5
  • 15
    • 0022501030 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-α: A more potent angiogenic mediator than epidermal growth factor
    • Schreiber AB, Winkler ME, Derynck R 1986 Transforming growth factor-α: A more potent angiogenic mediator than epidermal growth factor. Science 232:1250-1253
    • (1986) Science , vol.232 , pp. 1250-1253
    • Schreiber, A.B.1    Winkler, M.E.2    Derynck, R.3
  • 16
    • 0020361562 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal growth factor receptors and effect of epidermal growth factor on growth of human breast cancer cells in longterm tissue culture
    • Imai Y, Leung CKH, Friesen HG, Shiu RP 1982 Epidermal growth factor receptors and effect of epidermal growth factor on growth of human breast cancer cells in longterm tissue culture. Cancer Res 42:4394-4398
    • (1982) Cancer Res , vol.42 , pp. 4394-4398
    • Imai, Y.1    Leung, C.2    Friesen, H.G.3    Shiu, R.P.4
  • 17
    • 0013543749 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factors produced by certain human tumor cells: Polypeptides that interact with epidermal growth factor receptors
    • Todaro GJ, Fryling C, DeLarco JE 1980 Transforming growth factors produced by certain human tumor cells: Polypeptides that interact with epidermal growth factor receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:5258-5262
    • (1980) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.77 , pp. 5258-5262
    • Todaro, G.J.1    Fryling, C.2    Delarco, J.E.3
  • 18
    • 0023030917 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of biological activity of linear a-transforming growth factor and monospecific antibodies to α-transforming growth factor and linear α-transforming growth factor
    • Hanauske AR, Pardue R, Von Hoff DD 1986 Assessment of biological activity of linear a-transforming growth factor and monospecific antibodies to α-transforming growth factor and linear α-transforming growth factor. Cancer Res 46:5567-5570
    • (1986) Cancer Res , vol.46 , pp. 5567-5570
    • Hanauske, A.R.1    Pardue, R.2    Von Hoff, D.D.3
  • 20
    • 0018855935 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal growth factor stimulation of human breast cancer cells in culture
    • Osborne CK, Hamilton B, Titus G, Livingston RB 1980Epidermal growth factor stimulation of human breast cancer cells in culture. Cancer Res 40:2361-2366
    • (1980) Cancer Res , vol.40 , pp. 2361-2366
    • Osborne, C.K.1    Hamilton, B.2    Titus, G.3    Livingston, R.B.4
  • 21
    • 0021186336 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of epidermal growth factor receptor and action on human breast cancer cells in culture
    • Fitzpatrick SL, LaChance MP, Schultz GS 1984 Characterization of epidermal growth factor receptor and action on human breast cancer cells in culture. Cancer Res44:3442-3447
    • (1984) Cancer Res , vol.44 , pp. 3442-3447
    • Fitzpatrick, S.L.1    Lachance, M.P.2    Schultz, G.S.3
  • 22
    • 0023304864 scopus 로고
    • EGF receptor gene expression in estrogen receptorpositive and negative human breast cancer cell lines
    • Davidson NE, Gelmann EP, Lippman ME, Dickson RB1987 EGF receptor gene expression in estrogen receptorpositive and negative human breast cancer cell lines. Mol Endocrinol 1:216-223
    • (1987) Mol Endocrinol , vol.1 , pp. 216-223
    • Davidson, N.E.1    Gelmann, E.P.2    Lippman, M.E.3    Dickson, R.B.4
  • 23
    • 0022485353 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen-induced factors of breast cancer cells partially replace estrogen to promote tumor growth
    • Dickson RB, McManaway ME, Lippman ME 1986 Estrogen-induced factors of breast cancer cells partially replace estrogen to promote tumor growth. Science 232:1540-1543
    • (1986) Science , vol.232 , pp. 1540-1543
    • Dickson, R.B.1    McManaway, M.E.2    Lippman, M.E.3
  • 24
    • 0022366317 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the involvement of the submandibular gland epidermal growth factor in mouse mammary tumorigenesis
    • Kurachi H, Okamoto S, Oka T 1985 Evidence for the involvement of the submandibular gland epidermal growth factor in mouse mammary tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:5940-5943
    • (1985) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.82 , pp. 5940-5943
    • Kurachi, H.1    Okamoto, S.2    Oka, T.3
  • 25
    • 0020401483 scopus 로고
    • Receptor binding and processing of epidermal growth factor by human breast cancer cells
    • Osborne CK, Hamilton B, Nover M 1982 Receptor binding and processing of epidermal growth factor by human breast cancer cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 55:86-93
    • (1982) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.55 , pp. 86-93
    • Osborne, C.K.1    Hamilton, B.2    Nover, M.3
  • 27
    • 0021140954 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal growth factor binding by breast tumor biopsies and relationship to estrogen receptor and progestin receptor levels
    • Fitzpatrick SL, Brightwell J, Wittliff JL, Barrows GH, Schultz GS 1984 Epidermal growth factor binding by breast tumor biopsies and relationship to estrogen receptor and progestin receptor levels. Cancer Res 44:3448-3453
    • (1984) Cancer Res , vol.44 , pp. 3448-3453
    • Fitzpatrick, S.L.1    Brightwell, J.2    Wittliff, J.L.3    Barrows, G.H.4    Schultz, G.S.5
  • 28
    • 0021911679 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal-growth-factor receptors and oestrogen receptors in human breast cancer
    • Sainsbury JRC, Sherbert GV, Farndon JR, Harris AL 1985 Epidermal-growth-factor receptors and oestrogen receptors in human breast cancer. Lancet 1:364-366
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 364-366
    • Sainsbury, J.1    Sherbert, G.V.2    Farndon, J.R.3    Harris, A.L.4
  • 29
    • 0019320348 scopus 로고
    • Autocrine secretion and malignant transformation of cells
    • Sporn MB, Todaro GJ 1980 Autocrine secretion and malignant transformation of cells. N Engl J Med 303:878-880
    • (1980) N Engl J Med , vol.303 , pp. 878-880
    • Sporn, M.B.1    Todaro, G.J.2
  • 30
    • 0022981639 scopus 로고
    • Biologically active precursor for transforming growth factor type α released by retrovirally transformed cells
    • Ignotz RA, Kelly B, Davis RJ, Massague J 1986 Biologically active precursor for transforming growth factor type α released by retrovirally transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:6307-6311
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 6307-6311
    • Ignotz, R.A.1    Kelly, B.2    Davis, R.J.3    Massague, J.4
  • 32
    • 0002024602 scopus 로고
    • Human transforming growth factor-α: Precursor sequence, gene structure, and heterologous expression
    • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
    • Derynck R, Roberts AB, Eaton DH, Winkler ME, Goeddel DV 1985 Human transforming growth factor-α: Precursor sequence, gene structure, and heterologous expression. In: Growth Factors and Transformation.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp 79-86
    • (1985) Growth Factors and Transformation , pp. 79-86
    • Derynck, R.1    Roberts, A.B.2    Eaton, D.H.3    Winkler, M.E.4    Goeddel, D.V.5
  • 34
    • 0021061195 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to the epidermal growth factor receptor block the biological activities of sarcoma growth factor
    • Carpenter G, Stoscheck CM, Preston YA, DeLarco JE1983 Antibodies to the epidermal growth factor receptor block the biological activities of sarcoma growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:5627-5630
    • (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.80 , pp. 5627-5630
    • Carpenter, G.1    Stoscheck, C.M.2    Preston, Y.A.3    Delarco, J.E.4
  • 35
    • 0021163583 scopus 로고
    • Inability of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody to block “autocrine” growth stimulation in transforming growth factor-secreting melanoma cells
    • Kudlow JE, Khoravi MJ, Kobrin MS, Mak 1984 Inability of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody to block “autocrine” growth stimulation in transforming growth factor-secreting melanoma cells. J Biol Chem259:11895-11900
    • (1984) J Biol Chem , vol.259 , pp. 11895-11900
    • Kudlow, J.E.1    Khoravi, M.J.2    Kobrin, M.S.3    Mak4
  • 36
    • 0021363327 scopus 로고
    • Growth inhibition of human tumor cells in athymie mice by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies
    • Masui H, Kawamoto T, Sato JD, Wolf B, Sato G, Mendelsohn J 1984 Growth inhibition of human tumor cells in athymie mice by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 44:1002-1007
    • (1984) Cancer Res , vol.44 , pp. 1002-1007
    • Masui, H.1    Kawamoto, T.2    Sato, J.D.3    Wolf, B.4    Sato, G.5    Mendelsohn, J.6
  • 37
    • 0017645944 scopus 로고
    • Two syngeneic cell lines from human breast tissue: The aneuploid mammary epithelial (Hs578T) and the diploid myoepithelial (Hs578Bst) cell lines
    • Hackett AJ, Smith HS, Springer EL, Owens RB, NelsonRees WA, Riggs JL, Gardner MB 1977 Two syngeneic cell lines from human breast tissue: The aneuploid mammary epithelial (Hs578T) and the diploid myoepithelial (Hs578Bst) cell lines. J Natl Cancer Inst 58:1795-1806
    • (1977) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.58 , pp. 1795-1806
    • Hackett, A.J.1    Smith, H.S.2    Springer, E.L.3    Owens, R.B.4    Nelsonrees, W.A.5    Riggs, J.L.6    Gardner, M.B.7
  • 39
    • 0022506920 scopus 로고
    • Autocrine growth stimulation of the MCF-7 breast cancer cells by the estrogen-regulated 52K protein
    • Vignon F, Capony F, Chambon M, Freiss G, Garcia M, Rochefort H 1986 Autocrine growth stimulation of the MCF-7 breast cancer cells by the estrogen-regulated 52K protein. Endocrinology 118:1537-1545
    • (1986) Endocrinology , vol.118 , pp. 1537-1545
    • Vignon, F.1    Capony, F.2    Chambon, M.3    Freiss, G.4    Garcia, M.5    Rochefort, H.6
  • 42
    • 0023159980 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen inhibition and antiestrogen induction of a 39, 000 MW glycoprotein secreted by human breast cancer cells
    • Bronzert D, Silverman S, Lippman M 1987 Estrogen inhibition and antiestrogen induction of a 39, 000 MW glycoprotein secreted by human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 47:1234-1238
    • (1987) Cancer Res , vol.47 , pp. 1234-1238
    • Bronzert, D.1    Silverman, S.2    Lippman, M.3
  • 43
    • 0023625418 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that transforming growth factor β is a hormonally regulated negative growth factor in human breast cancer cells
    • Knabbe C, Lippman ME, Wakefield LM, Flanders KC, Kasid A, Derynck R, Dickson RB 1987 Evidence that transforming growth factor β is a hormonally regulated negative growth factor in human breast cancer cells. Cell48:417-428
    • (1987) Cell , vol.48 , pp. 417-428
    • Knabbe, C.1    Lippman, M.E.2    Wakefield, L.M.3    Flanders, K.C.4    Kasid, A.5    Derynck, R.6    Dickson, R.B.7
  • 44
    • 0023521683 scopus 로고
    • Expression of transforming growth factor a (TGFα) in differentiated rat mammary tumors: Estrogen induction of TGFα production
    • Liu SC, Sanfilippo B, Perroteau I, Derynck R, Salomon DS, Kidwell WR 1987 Expression of transforming growth factor a (TGFα) in differentiated rat mammary tumors: Estrogen induction of TGFα production. Mol Endocrinol1:683-692
    • (1987) Mol Endocrinol , vol.1 , pp. 683-692
    • Liu, S.C.1    Sanfilippo, B.2    Perroteau, I.3    Derynck, R.4    Salomon, D.S.5    Kidwell, W.R.6
  • 45
    • 0023632421 scopus 로고
    • Different transforming growth factor α-species are derived from a glycosylated and palmitoylated transmembrane precursor
    • Bringman TS, Lindquist PB, Derynck R 1987 Different transforming growth factor α-species are derived from a glycosylated and palmitoylated transmembrane precursor. Cell 48:429-440
    • (1987) Cell , vol.48 , pp. 429-440
    • Bringman, T.S.1    Lindquist, P.B.2    Derynck, R.3
  • 47
    • 0015762456 scopus 로고
    • A human cell line from a pleural effusion derived from a breast carcinoma
    • Soule HD, Vazquez J, Long A, Albert S, Brennan M 1973A human cell line from a pleural effusion derived from a breast carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 51:1409-1416
    • (1973) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.51 , pp. 1409-1416
    • Soule, H.D.1    Vazquez, J.2    Long, A.3    Albert, S.4    Brennan, M.5
  • 48
    • 0018940905 scopus 로고
    • The effects of 17β-estradiol and tamoxifen on the ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell line in defined medium
    • Allegra JC, Lippman ME 1980 The effects of 17β-estradiol and tamoxifen on the ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell line in defined medium. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 16:1007-1015
    • (1980) Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol , vol.16 , pp. 1007-1015
    • Allegra, J.C.1    Lippman, M.E.2
  • 49
    • 0020698234 scopus 로고
    • Effect of estradiol on human breast cancer cells in culture
    • Darbre P, Yates J, Curtis S, King RJB 1983. Effect of estradiol on human breast cancer cells in culture. Cancer Res 43:349-354
    • (1983) Cancer Res , vol.43 , pp. 349-354
    • Darbre, P.1    Yates, J.2    Curtis, S.3    King, R.4
  • 50
    • 2542464918 scopus 로고
    • Phenol red in tissue culture media is a weak estrogen: Implications concerning the study of estrogen-responsive cells in culture
    • Berthois Y, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS1986 Phenol red in tissue culture media is a weak estrogen: Implications concerning the study of estrogen-responsive cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA83:2496-2500
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 2496-2500
    • Berthois, Y.1    Katzenellenbogen, J.A.2    Katzenellenbogen, B.S.3
  • 51
    • 0021320743 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to membranes immobilized in microtiter wells and estimation of EGF-related transforming growth factor activity
    • Kimball ES, Warren TC 1984 Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to membranes immobilized in microtiter wells and estimation of EGF-related transforming growth factor activity. Biochim Biophys Acta 771:82-88
    • (1984) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.771 , pp. 82-88
    • Kimball, E.S.1    Warren, T.C.2
  • 52
    • 0017736676 scopus 로고
    • A simple computer program for quantitation and scatchard analysis of steroid receptor proteins
    • Aitken SC, Lippman ME 1977 A simple computer program for quantitation and scatchard analysis of steroid receptor proteins. J Steroid Biochem 8:77-94
    • (1977) J Steroid Biochem , vol.8 , pp. 77-94
    • Aitken, S.C.1    Lippman, M.E.2
  • 53
    • 0013622487 scopus 로고
    • Detection of larger polypeptides structurally and functionally related to type I transforming growth factor
    • Linsley PS, Hargreaves WR, Twardzik DR, Todaro GJ1985 Detection of larger polypeptides structurally and functionally related to type I transforming growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci 82:356-360
    • (1985) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.82 , pp. 356-360
    • Linsley, P.S.1    Hargreaves, W.R.2    Twardzik, D.R.3    Todaro, G.J.4
  • 54
    • 0009042981 scopus 로고
    • Efficient synthesis of human type a transforming growth factor: Its physical and biological characterization
    • Tam JP, Sheikh MA, Salomon DS, Ossowski L 1986Efficient synthesis of human type a transforming growth factor: Its physical and biological characterization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:8082-8086
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 8082-8086
    • Tam, J.P.1    Sheikh, M.A.2    Salomon, D.S.3    Ossowski, L.4
  • 55
    • 0021759199 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary conservation in the untranslated regions of actin mRNAs: DNA sequence of a human beta-actin cDNA
    • Ponte P, Ng SY, Engel J, Gunning P, Kedes L 1984Evolutionary conservation in the untranslated regions of actin mRNAs: DNA sequence of a human beta-actin cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res 12:1687-1696
    • (1984) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.12 , pp. 1687-1696
    • Ponte, P.1    Ng, S.Y.2    Engel, J.3    Gunning, P.4    Kedes, L.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.