메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 319, Issue 21, 1988, Pages 1379-1384

Physical Fitness as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in Asymptomatic North American Men

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CANADA; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; FITNESS; HUMAN; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0023815569     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198811243192104     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (574)

References (40)
  • 1
    • 0019178514 scopus 로고
    • Vigorous exercise in leisure-time: protection against coronary heart disease
    • Morris JN, Everitt MG, Pollard R, Chave SPW, Semmence AM. Vigorous exercise in leisure-time: protection against coronary heart disease. Lancet 1980; 2: 1207–10.
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1207-1210
    • Morris, J.N.1    Everitt, M.G.2    Pollard, R.3    Chave, S.P.W.4    Semmence, A.M.5
  • 2
    • 0016756674 scopus 로고
    • Work activity and coronary heart mortality
    • Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hale WE. Work activity and coronary heart mortality. N Engl J Med 1975; 292: 545–50.
    • (1975) N Engl J Med , vol.292 , pp. 545-550
    • Paffenbarger, R.S.1    Hale, W.E.2
  • 3
    • 0018227365 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity as an index of heart attack risk in college alumni
    • Paffenbarger RS Jr, Wing AL, Hyde RT. Physical activity as an index of heart attack risk in college alumni. Am J Epidemiol 1978; 180: 161–75.
    • (1978) Am J Epidemiol , vol.180 , pp. 161-175
    • Paffenbarger, R.S.1    Wing, A.L.2    Hyde, R.T.3
  • 5
    • 0014381504 scopus 로고
    • Effect of physical training on oxygen transport system in man
    • Ekblom B. Effect of physical training on oxygen transport system in man. Acta Physiol Scand 1969; 328: Suppl: 9–45.
    • (1969) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.328 , pp. 9-45
    • Ekblom, B.1
  • 6
    • 0019494917 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of physical characteristics and life habits to treadmill exercise capacity
    • Leon AS, Jacobs DR Jr, DeBacker G, Taylor HL. Relationship of physical characteristics and life habits to treadmill exercise capacity. Am J Epidemiol 1981; 113: 653–60.
    • (1981) Am J Epidemiol , vol.113 , pp. 653-660
    • Leon, A.S.1    Jacobs, D.R.2    DeBacker, G.3    Taylor, H.L.4
  • 7
    • 0021920326 scopus 로고
    • Leisure time physical activity and its relationship to coronary risk factors in a population-based sample: the Minnesota Heart Survey
    • Folsom AR, Caspersen CJ, Taylor HL, et al. Leisure time physical activity and its relationship to coronary risk factors in a population-based sample: the Minnesota Heart Survey. Am J Epidemiol 1985; 121: 570–9.
    • (1985) Am J Epidemiol , vol.121 , pp. 570-579
    • Folsom, A.R.1    Caspersen, C.J.2    Taylor, H.L.3
  • 8
    • 0022496850 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors, exercise fitness and electrocardiographic response to exercise in 12,866 men at high risk of symptomatic coronary heart disease
    • Crow RS, Rautaharju PM, Prineas JR, et al. Risk factors, exercise fitness and electrocardiographic response to exercise in 12,866 men at high risk of symptomatic coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1986; 57: 1075–82.
    • (1986) Am J Cardiol , vol.57 , pp. 1075-1082
    • Crow, R.S.1    Rautaharju, P.M.2    Prineas, J.R.3
  • 9
    • 0018759683 scopus 로고
    • Relationships among cardiorespiratory fitness, regular physical activity, and plasma lipids in young adults
    • Schwane JA, Cundiff DE. Relationships among cardiorespiratory fitness, regular physical activity, and plasma lipids in young adults. Metabolism 1979; 28: 771–8.
    • (1979) Metabolism , vol.28 , pp. 771-778
    • Schwane, J.A.1    Cundiff, D.E.2
  • 10
    • 0023102812 scopus 로고
    • Smoking, physical activity, and other predictors of endurance and heart rate response to exercise in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial
    • Gordon DJ, Leon AS, Ekelund LG, et al. Smoking, physical activity, and other predictors of endurance and heart rate response to exercise in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Am J Epidemiol 1987; 125: 587–600.
    • (1987) Am J Epidemiol , vol.125 , pp. 587-600
    • Gordon, D.J.1    Leon, A.S.2    Ekelund, L.G.3
  • 11
    • 84944657100 scopus 로고
    • Physical fitness and subsequent myocardial infarction in healthy workers
    • Peters RK, Cady LD Jr, Bischoff DP, Bernstein L, Pike MC. Physical fitness and subsequent myocardial infarction in healthy workers. JAMA 1983; 249: 3052–6.
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.249 , pp. 3052-3056
    • Peters, R.K.1    Cady, L.D.2    Bischoff, D.P.3    Bernstein, L.4    Pike, M.C.5
  • 12
    • 0021873236 scopus 로고
    • Coronary risk factors and incidence of coronary death in relation to physical fitness: seven-year follow-up study of middle-aged and elderly men
    • Lie H, Mundal R, Erikssen J. Coronary risk factors and incidence of coronary death in relation to physical fitness: seven-year follow-up study of middle-aged and elderly men. Eur Heart J 1985; 6: 147–57.
    • (1985) Eur Heart J , vol.6 , pp. 147-157
    • Lie, H.1    Mundal, R.2    Erikssen, J.3
  • 13
    • 0023143321 scopus 로고
    • Protection against ischemic heart disease in the Belgian Physical Fitness Study: physical fitness rather than physical activity?
    • Sobolski J, Kornitzer M, De Backer G, et al. Protection against ischemic heart disease in the Belgian Physical Fitness Study: physical fitness rather than physical activity? Am J Epidemiol 1987; 125: 601–10.
    • (1987) Am J Epidemiol , vol.125 , pp. 601-610
    • Sobolski, J.1    Kornitzer, M.2    De Backer, G.3
  • 14
    • 0019080084 scopus 로고
    • Strenuous physical activity, treadmill exercise test performance and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study
    • Haskell WL, Taylor HL, Wood PH, Schrott H, Heiss G. Strenuous physical activity, treadmill exercise test performance and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study. Circulation 1980; 62: Suppl IV: IV-53-IV-61.
    • (1980) Circulation , vol.62 , pp. IV-53-IV-61
    • Haskell, W.L.1    Taylor, H.L.2    Wood, P.H.3    Schrott, H.4    Heiss, G.5
  • 15
    • 0020260317 scopus 로고
    • Safety of exercise testing volunteer subjects: the Lipid Research Clinics' Prevalence Study experience
    • Sheffield LT, Haskell W, Heiss G, et al. Safety of exercise testing volunteer subjects: the Lipid Research Clinics' Prevalence Study experience. J Cardiac Rehab 1982; 2: 395–400.
    • (1982) J Cardiac Rehab , vol.2 , pp. 395-400
    • Sheffield, L.T.1    Haskell, W.2    Heiss, G.3
  • 17
    • 0022472037 scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of the exercise tolerance test for mortality in North American men: the Lipid Research Clinics Mortality Follow-up Study
    • Gordon DJ, Ekelund LG, Karon JM, et al. Predictive value of the exercise tolerance test for mortality in North American men: the Lipid Research Clinics Mortality Follow-up Study. Circulation 1986; 74: 252–61.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.74 , pp. 252-261
    • Gordon, D.J.1    Ekelund, L.G.2    Karon, J.M.3
  • 18
    • 0000336139 scopus 로고
    • Regression models and life-tables
    • Cox DR. Regression models and life-tables. J R Stat Soc [B] 1972; 34: 187–220.
    • (1972) J R Stat Soc [B] , vol.34 , pp. 187-220
    • Cox, D.R.1
  • 19
    • 0003658218 scopus 로고
    • SUGI supplemental library user's guide
    • Version 5 ed. Cary, N.C.: SAS Institute
    • SAS Institute, Inc. SUGI supplemental library user's guide. Version 5 ed. Cary, N.C.: SAS Institute, 1986.
    • (1986)
  • 20
    • 0017851110 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of physical training on blood flow to myocardium perfused by chronic collaterals in the exercising dog
    • Heaton WH, Marr KC, Capurro NL, Goldstein RE, Epstein SE. Beneficial effect of physical training on blood flow to myocardium perfused by chronic collaterals in the exercising dog. Circulation 1978; 57: 575–81.
    • (1978) Circulation , vol.57 , pp. 575-581
    • Heaton, W.H.1    Marr, K.C.2    Capurro, N.L.3    Goldstein, R.E.4    Epstein, S.E.5
  • 21
    • 0018256044 scopus 로고
    • Influences of physical conditioning and deconditioning on coronary vasculature of dogs
    • Wyatt HL, Mitchell J. Influences of physical conditioning and deconditioning on coronary vasculature of dogs. J Appl Physiol 1978; 45: 619–25.
    • (1978) J Appl Physiol , vol.45 , pp. 619-625
    • Wyatt, H.L.1    Mitchell, J.2
  • 22
    • 0017815123 scopus 로고
    • Exercise-induced reduction in myocardial infarct size after coronary artery occlusion in the rat
    • McElroy CL, Gissen SA, Fishbein MC. Exercise-induced reduction in myocardial infarct size after coronary artery occlusion in the rat. Circulation 1978; 57: 958–62.
    • (1978) Circulation , vol.57 , pp. 958-962
    • McElroy, C.L.1    Gissen, S.A.2    Fishbein, M.C.3
  • 23
    • 0019787765 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of coronary atherosclerosis by moderate conditioning exercise in monkeys on an atherogenic diet
    • Kramsch DM, Aspen AJ, Abramowitz BM, Kreimendahl T, Hood WB Jr. Reduction of coronary atherosclerosis by moderate conditioning exercise in monkeys on an atherogenic diet. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 1483–9.
    • (1981) N Engl J Med , vol.305 , pp. 1483-1489
    • Kramsch, D.M.1    Aspen, A.J.2    Abramowitz, B.M.3    Kreimendahl, T.4    Hood, W.B.5
  • 24
    • 0020666787 scopus 로고
    • Physical training increases ventricular fibrillation thresholds of isolated rat hearts during normoxia, hypoxia and regional ischemia
    • Noakes TD, Higginson L, Opie LH. Physical training increases ventricular fibrillation thresholds of isolated rat hearts during normoxia, hypoxia and regional ischemia. Circulation 1983; 67: 24–30.
    • (1983) Circulation , vol.67 , pp. 24-30
    • Noakes, T.D.1    Higginson, L.2    Opie, L.H.3
  • 25
    • 0002835975 scopus 로고
    • Long-term physical training and cardiovascular dynamics in middle-aged men
    • Hanson JS, Tabakin BS, Levy AM, Nedde W. Long-term physical training and cardiovascular dynamics in middle-aged men. Circulation 1968; 38: 783–99.
    • (1968) Circulation , vol.38 , pp. 783-799
    • Hanson, J.S.1    Tabakin, B.S.2    Levy, A.M.3    Nedde, W.4
  • 26
    • 0017066786 scopus 로고
    • Circulatory adjustments to dynamic exercise and effect of physical training in normal subjects and in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Clausen JP. Circulatory adjustments to dynamic exercise and effect of physical training in normal subjects and in patients with coronary artery disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1976; 18: 459–95.
    • (1976) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.18 , pp. 459-495
    • Clausen, J.P.1
  • 27
    • 0017421457 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular adaptations to physical training
    • Scheuer J, Tipton CM. Cardiovascular adaptations to physical training. Annu Rev Physiol 1977; 39: 221–51.
    • (1977) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.39 , pp. 221-251
    • Scheuer, J.1    Tipton, C.M.2
  • 28
    • 0014443430 scopus 로고
    • Exercise, including weightlessness
    • Ekelund LG. Exercise, including weightlessness. Annu Rev Physiol 1969; 31: 85–116.
    • (1969) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.31 , pp. 85-116
    • Ekelund, L.G.1
  • 29
    • 0018098411 scopus 로고
    • Changes in exercise coronary sinus blood flow with training in patients with angina pectoris
    • Ferguson RJ, Cote P, Gauthier P, Bourassa MG. Changes in exercise coronary sinus blood flow with training in patients with angina pectoris. Circulation 1978; 58: 41–7.
    • (1978) Circulation , vol.58 , pp. 41-47
    • Ferguson, R.J.1    Cote, P.2    Gauthier, P.3    Bourassa, M.G.4
  • 30
    • 0018747585 scopus 로고
    • Exercise and human collateralization: an angiographic and scintigraphic assessment
    • Nolewajka AJ, Kostuk WJ, Rechnitzer PA, Cunningham DA. Exercise and human collateralization: an angiographic and scintigraphic assessment. Circulation 1979; 60: 114–21.
    • (1979) Circulation , vol.60 , pp. 114-121
    • Nolewajka, A.J.1    Kostuk, W.J.2    Rechnitzer, P.A.3    Cunningham, D.A.4
  • 31
    • 0020598221 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of ischemic cardiac function in normal heart by daily exercise
    • Knight DR, Stone HL. Alteration of ischemic cardiac function in normal heart by daily exercise. J Appl Physiol 1983; 55: 52–60.
    • (1983) J Appl Physiol , vol.55 , pp. 52-60
    • Knight, D.R.1    Stone, H.L.2
  • 32
    • 0022483196 scopus 로고
    • Exercise training-induced alterations of cardiac morphology
    • Cox ML, Bennett JB III, Dudley GA. Exercise training-induced alterations of cardiac morphology. J Appl Physiol 1986; 61: 926–31.
    • (1986) J Appl Physiol , vol.61 , pp. 926-931
    • Cox, M.L.1    Bennett, J.B.2    Dudley, G.A.3
  • 33
    • 0015121309 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physical training on exertional ST-segment depression in coronary heart disease
    • Detry J-M, Bruce RA. Effects of physical training on exertional ST-segment depression in coronary heart disease. Circulation 1971; 44: 390–6.
    • (1971) Circulation , vol.44 , pp. 390-396
    • Detry, J.-M.1    Bruce, R.A.2
  • 34
    • 0019789716 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 12 months of intense exercise training on ischemic S-T-segment depression in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Ehsani AA, Heath GW, Hagberg JM, Sobel BE, Holloszy JO. Effects of 12 months of intense exercise training on ischemic S-T-segment depression in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1981; 64: 1116–24.
    • (1981) Circulation , vol.64 , pp. 1116-1124
    • Ehsani, A.A.1    Heath, G.W.2    Hagberg, J.M.3    Sobel, B.E.4    Holloszy, J.O.5
  • 35
    • 0021127915 scopus 로고
    • The effect of left ventricular systolic function on maximal aerobic exercise capacity in asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease
    • Ehsani AA, Biello D, Seals DR, Austin MB, Schultz J. The effect of left ventricular systolic function on maximal aerobic exercise capacity in asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1984; 70: 552–60.
    • (1984) Circulation , vol.70 , pp. 552-560
    • Ehsani, A.A.1    Biello, D.2    Seals, D.R.3    Austin, M.B.4    Schultz, J.5
  • 36
    • 0020693074 scopus 로고
    • The basis for the increase in factor VIII procoagulant activity during exercise
    • Kopitsky RG, Switzer ME, Williams RS, McKee PA. The basis for the increase in factor VIII procoagulant activity during exercise. Thromb Haemost 1983; 49: 53–7.
    • (1983) Thromb Haemost , vol.49 , pp. 53-57
    • Kopitsky, R.G.1    Switzer, M.E.2    Williams, R.S.3    McKee, P.A.4
  • 37
    • 0018828144 scopus 로고
    • Physical conditioning augments the fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion in healthy adults
    • Williams RS, Logue EE, Lewis JL, et al. Physical conditioning augments the fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion in healthy adults. N Engl J Med 1980; 302: 987–91.
    • (1980) N Engl J Med , vol.302 , pp. 987-991
    • Williams, R.S.1    Logue, E.E.2    Lewis, J.L.3
  • 38
    • 0022485106 scopus 로고
    • Haemostatic function and ischaemic heart disease: principal results of the Northwick Park Heart Study
    • Meade TW, Mellows S, Brozovic M, et al. Haemostatic function and ischaemic heart disease: principal results of the Northwick Park Heart Study. Lancet 1986; 1: 533–7.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 533-537
    • Meade, T.W.1    Mellows, S.2    Brozovic, M.3
  • 39
    • 0022969424 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of platelet aggregability by moderate-intensity physical exercise: a randomized clinical trial in overweight men
    • Rauramaa R, Salonen JT, Seppanen K, et al. Inhibition of platelet aggregability by moderate-intensity physical exercise: a randomized clinical trial in overweight men. Circulation 1986; 74: 939–44.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.74 , pp. 939-944
    • Rauramaa, R.1    Salonen, J.T.2    Seppanen, K.3
  • 40
    • 0021275389 scopus 로고
    • Effects of mild physical exercise on serum lipoproteins and metabolites of arachidonic acid: a controlled randomised trial in middle aged men
    • Rauramaa R, Salonen JT, Kukkonen-Harjula K, et al. Effects of mild physical exercise on serum lipoproteins and metabolites of arachidonic acid: a controlled randomised trial in middle aged men. Br Med J 1984; 288: 603–6.
    • (1984) Br Med J , vol.288 , pp. 603-606
    • Rauramaa, R.1    Salonen, J.T.2    Kukkonen-Harjula, K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.