Contributions of epidemiology to exercise science and cardiovascular health

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 20, Issue 5, 1988, Pages 426-438

  Paffenbarger, Ralph S ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Coronary heart disease; Epidemiology; Flashback; Futuristic film; Longevity; Motion picture; Physical activity; Rerun; Snapshot; Time lapse

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR PERFORMANCE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXERCISE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LONGEVITY; MOVEMENT (PHYSIOLOGY); PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; REVIEW; THEORETICAL STUDY;

ACTUARIAL ANALYSIS; CLINICAL TRIALS; CORONARY DISEASE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; EXERCISE; HUMAN; MODELS, STATISTICAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SAMPLING STUDIES; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.;

EID: 0023736225     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: 15300315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/00005768-198810000-00002     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. BLAIR, S. N., N. N. GOODYEAR, L. W. GIBBONS, and K. H. COOPER. Physical fitness and incidence of hypertension in healthy normotensive men and women. JAMA 252:487-490,1984.
2. BOYER, J. L. and F. W. KASCH. Exercise therapy in hypertensive men. JAMA 211:1668-1671, 1970.
3. DONAHUE, R. P., R. D. ABBOTT, D. M. REED, and K. YANO. Physical activity and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly men: the Honolulu Heart Program. Am. J. Public Health 78:683-685, 1988.
4. FENTEM, P. and N. TURNBULL. Benefits of exercise for heart health: a report on the scientific basis. In: Exercise-Heart-Health. London: The Coronary Prevention Group, 1987, pp. 110-125.
5. Fixx, J. F. The Complete Book of Running. NY: Random House, 1977.
6. Fixx, J. F. Jim Fixx's Second Book of Running. NY: Random House, 1978.
7. FRIES, J. F. The compression of morbidity-1988. In preparation.
8. HENNEKENS, C. H., B. ROSNER, M. J. JESSE, M. E. DROLETTE, and F. E. SPEIZER. A retrospective study of physical activity and coronary deaths. Int. J. Epidemiol. 6:243-246, 1977.
9. HINKLE, L. E., JR., H. T. THALER, D. P. MERKE, D. RENIER-BERG, and N. E. MORTON. The risk factors for arrhythmic death in a sample of men followed for 20 years. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127:500-515, 1988.
10. KRAMSCH, D. M, A. J. ASPEN, B. M. ABRAMOWITZ, et al. Reduction of coronary atherosclerosis by moderate conditioning exercise in monkeys on an atherogenic diet. N. Engl. J. Med. 305:1483-1489,1981.
11. LEON, A. S., J. CONNETT, D. R. JACOBS, JR., and R. RAURAMAA. Leisure-time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. JAMA 258:2388-2395, 1987.
12. MORRIS, J. N. Physical activity in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. In: Inspanning en Voeding, A. M. J. van Erp-Baart, M. B. Katan, H. C. G. Kemper, J. A. M. van der Laan, J. N. Morris, E. de Nobel, W. H. M. Saris, and H. W. H. Weeds (Eds.). Alphen aan den Rijn/Brussels: Samson/Stafleu, 1985, pp. 54-63.
13. MORRIS, J. N., S. P. W. CHAVE, C. ADAM, C. SIREY, L. EPSTEIN, and D. J. SHEEHAN. Vigorous exercise in leisure-time and the incidence of coronary heart-disease. Lancet 1:333-339, 1973.
14. MORRIS, J. N., M. G. EVERITT, R. POLLARD, S. P. W. CHAVE, and A. M. SEMMENCE. Vigorous exercise in leisure-time: protection against coronary heart-disease. Lancet 2:1207-1210, 1980.
15. Morris, J. N., M. G. Everitt, and A. M. SEMMENCE. Exercise and coronary heart disease. In: Exercise: Benefits, Limits and Adaptations, D. Macleod, R. Maughan, M. Nimmo, T. Reilly, and C. Williams (Eds.). London: E. & F. N. Spon, 1987, pp. 4-19.
16. NOAKES, T. D., L. HIGGINSON, and L. H. OPIE. Physical training increases ventricular fibrillation thresholds of isolated rat hearts during normoxia, hypoxia, and regional ischemia. Circulation 67:24-30, 1983.
17. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., J. NOTKIN, D. E. KRUEGER, et al. Chronic disease in former college students. II. Methods of study and observations on mortality from coronary heart disease. Am. J. Public Health 56:962-971, 1966.
18. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR. and W. E. HALE. Work activity and coronary heart mortality. N. Engl. J. Med. 292:545-550, 1975.
19. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., A. L. WING, and R. T. HYDE. Physical activity as an index of heart attack risk in college alumni. Am. J. Epidemiol. 108:161-175, 1978.
20. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., A. L. WING, R. T. HYDE, and D. L. JUNG. Physical activity and incidence of hypertension in college alumni. Am. J. Epidemiol. 117:245-257, 1983.
21. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., R. T. HYDE, A. L. WING, and C. H. STEINMETZ. A natural history of athleticism and cardiovascular health. JAMA 252:491-495, 1984.
22. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., R. T. HYDE, A. L. WING, and C.-c. HSIEH. Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. N. Engl. J. Med. 314:605-613, 1986.
23. PAFFENBARGER, R. S., JR., R. T. HYDE, A. L. WING, and C.-c. HSIEH. Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. (Correspondence in reply to four letters). N. Engl. J. Med. 315:399-401, 1986.
24. POMREHN, P. R., R. B. WALLACE, and L. F. BURMEISTER. Ischemic heart disease mortality in Iowa farmers. JAMA 248:1073-1076, 1982.
25. POWELL, K. E., P. D. THOMPSON, C. J. CASPERSEN, and J. S. KENDRICK. Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Annu. Rev. Public Health 8:253-287, 1987.
26. SALONEN, J. T., J. S. SLATER, J. TUOMILCHTO, and R. RAURAMAA. Leisure time and occupational physical activity: risk of death from ischemic heart disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127:87-94, 1988.
27. SCRAGG, R., A. STEWART, R. JACKSON, and R. BEAGLEHOLE. Alcohol and exercise in myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death in men and women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 126:77-85, 1987.
28. SHAW, L. W. Effects of a prescribed supervised exercise program on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients after a myocardial infarction. The National Heart Disease and Exercise Project. Am. J. Cardiol. 48:39-46, 1981.
29. SISCOVICK, D. S., N. S. WEISS, R. H. FLETCHER, and T. LASKY. The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise. N. Engl. J. Med. 311:874-877, 1984.
30. SLATTERY, M. L. and D. R. JACOBS. Physical fitness and cardiovascular disease mortality: The U.S. Railroad Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127:571-580, 1988.
31. SOBOLSKI, J., M. KORNITZER, G. DE BACKER, et al. Protection against ischemic heart disease in the Belgian physical fitness study: physical fitness rather than physical activity? Am. J. Epidemiol. 125:601-610, 1987.
32. THOMPSON, P. D., E. J. FUNK, R. A. CARLETON, and Q. Q. STURNER. Incidence of death during jogging in Rhode Island from 1975 through 1980. JAMA 247:253-255, 1982.
33. VUORI, I., M. MAKARAINEN, and J. JAASHEIAINEN. Sudden death and physical activity. Cardiology 63:287-304, 1978.