A prospective study of reproductive factors and breast cancer: I. Parity

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 126, Issue 5, 1987, Pages 831-841

  Kvâle, Gunnar ^a   Heuch, Ivar ^a   Eide, Geir Egil ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Abortion; Breast neoplasms; Parity; Prospective studies

Indexed keywords

ABORTION; AGE; BREAST; BREAST CANCER; ENDOCRINE SYSTEM; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETIOLOGY; FEMALE; FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM; HUMAN; MULTIPARA; NORWAY; NULLIPARA; PARITY; PREGNANCY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS; ADULT; AGED; BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MASS SCREENING; MATERNAL AGE; MIDDLE AGE; NORWAY; PARITY; PREGNANCY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0023230529     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114720     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Thomas DB. Epidemiology and related studies of breast cancer etiology. In: Lilienfeld AM, ed. Reviews in cancer epidemiology. Vol 1. New York: Elsevier North Holland, 1980:153-217.
2. Moore DH, Moore DH 2d, Moore CT. Breast carcinoma etiological factors. Adv Cancer Res 1983;4O:189-253.
3. Choi NW, Howe GR, Miller AB, et aJ. An epidemiologic study of breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1978;107:510-21
4. Adami HO, Hansen J, Jung B, et al. Age at first birth, parity and risk of breast cancer in a Swedish population. Br J Cancer 1980;42:651-8.
5. Pedersen E. MasseunderMkelser med henblikk pa cancer mammae. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1962;82:1042-51.
6. Lund E. Pilot study for the evaluation of completeness of reporting to the Cancer Registry. In: Incidence of cancer in Norway 1978. Oslo: Cancer Registry of Norway, 1981:11-14.
7. Heuch I. Manual for use of TRENDPREP. A program preparing data for stratified trend and homogeneity analyses of proportions. Technical Report, Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, 1985.
8. Thomas DG, Gart JJ. Stratified trend and homogeneity analyses of proportions and life table data. Comput Biomed Res 1983;16:116-26.
9. Tarone RE. Tests for trend in life table analysis. Biometrika 1975;62:679-82.
10. Bergsje P. Comments on the use of oestrogens 1979-83. In: Drug consumption in Norway. Oslo: Norsk Medisinaldepot, 1984:114-15.
11. Nesheim BI. Comments on the use of contraceptives. In: Drug consumption in Norway. Oslo: Norsk Medisinaldepot, 1984:108-9.
12. Heuch I, Kvale G. Selection bias in epidemiological studies of screening participants. J Chronic Dis 1986;39:323-5.
13. Lane-Claypon JE. A further report on cancer of the breast, with special reference to its associated antecedent conditions. Reports on Public Health and Medical Subjects, no. 32, Ministry of Health, London 1926.
14. Wainwright JM. A comparison of conditions associated with breast cancer in Great Britain and America. Am J Cancer 1931;15:2610-45.
15. Gilliam AG. Fertility and cancer of the breast and of the uterine cervix: comparisons between rates of pregnancy in women with cancer at these and other sites. JNCI 1951;12:287-3O4.
16. Stocks P. The epidemiology of carcinoma of the breast. Practitioner 1957;179:233-40
17. Wynder EL, Bross LI, Hirayama T. A study of the epidemiology of cancer of the breast Cancer 1960;13:559-601.
18. MacMahon B, Cole P, Lin TM, et al. Age at first birth and breast cancer risk. Bull WHO 1970;43:209-21.
19. Stavraky K, Emmons S. Breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. JNCI 1974;53:647-54.
20. Herity BA, O'Halloran MJ, Bourke GJ, et al. A study of breast cancer in Irish women. Br J Prev Soc Med 1975;29:178-81.
21. Sartwell PE, Arthes FG, Tonascia JA. Exogenous hormones, reproductive history, and breast cancer. JNCI 1977;59:1589-92.
22. Lin TM, Chen KP, MacMahon B. Epidemiologic characteristics of cancer of the breast in Taiwan. Cancer 1971;27:1497-1504.
23. Lilienfeld AM, Coombs J, Bross IDJ.etal. Marital and reproductive experience in a community-wide epidemiological study of breast cancer. Johns Hopkins Med J 1975;136:157-62.
24. Soini I. Risk factors of breast cancer in Finland. Int J Epidemiol 1977;6:365-73.
25. Thein Hlaing, Thein-Maung-Myint Risk factors of breast cancer in Burma. Int J Cancer 1978, 1:432-7.
26. Tulinius H, Day NE, Johannesson G, et al. Reproductive factors and risk for breast cancer in Iceland. Int J Cancer 1978;21:724-30.
27. Paffenbarger RS, Kampert JB, Chang H-G. Characteristics that predict risk of breast cancer before and after the menopause. Am J Epidemiol 1980;112:258-68.
28. Lubin JH, Burn* PE, Blot WJ, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer in women in northern Alberta, Canada, as related to age at diagnosis. JNCI 1982;68:211-17.
29. MacMahon B, Purde M, Cramer D, et al. Association of breast cancer risk with age at first and subsequent births: a study in the population of the Estonian Republic. JNCI 1982;69:1035-8.
30. Trapido EJ. Age at first birth, parity and breast cancer risk. Cancer 1983;51:946-8.
31. Helmrich SP, Shapiro S, Rosenberg L, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1983;117:35-45.
32. Brinton LA, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF. Reproductive factors in the aetiology of breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1983;47:757-62.
33. Lipnick R, Speizer FE, Bain C, et al. A casecontrol study of risk indicators among women with premenopausal and early postmenopausal breast cancer. Cancer 1984;63:1020.
34. Beral V. Parity and the susceptibility to cancer. In: Fetal antigens and cancer. Ciba Foundation Symposium 96. London: Pitman, 1983:182-203.
35. Plesko I, Preston-Martin S, Day NE, et al. Parity and cancer risk in Slovakia. Int J Cancer 1985;36:529-33.
36. Pathak DR, Speizer FE, Willett WC, et al. Parity and breast cancer risk: possible effect on age at diagnosis. Int J Cancer 1986;37:21-5.
37. Trichopoulos D, Hsieh C, MacMahon B, et al. Age at any birth and breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 1983;31:701-4.
38. Miller AB, Barclay THC, Choi NW, et al. A study of cancer, parity and age at first pregnancy. J Chronic Dis 1980,33:595-605.
39. Duffy SW, Roberts MM, Elton RA. Risk factors for breast cancer relevance to screening. J Epidemiol Community Health 1983;37:127-31.
40. Logan WPD. Marriage and childbearing in relation to cancer of the breast and uterus. Lancet 1953:1199-1202.
41. Lilienfeld AM. The relationship of cancer of the female breast to artificial menopause and marital status. Cancer 1956;9:927-34.
42. Janerich DT, Hoff MB. Evidence for a crossover in breast cancer risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 1982;116:737-42.
43. Paone JF, Robinson Baker R. Pathogenesis and treatment of Paget's disease of the breast. Cancer 1981;4, 825-9.
44. Pike MC, Henderson BE, Casagrande JT, et al. Oral contraceptive use and early abortion as risk factors for breast cancer in young women. Br J Cancer 1981;43:72-6.
45. Salber EJ, Trichopoulos D, MacMahon B. Lactation and reproductive histories of breast cancer patients in Boston, 1966-66. JNCI 1969;43:1013-24
46. Kwa HG, Cleton F, Bulbrook RD, et al. Plasma prolactin levels and breast cancer relation to parity, weight and height, and age at first birth. Int J Cancer 1981;28:31-4.
47. Wang DY, Sturzaker HE, Kwa HG, et al. Nyctohemeral changes in plasma prolactin levels and their relationship to breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 1984;33:629-32.
48. Pike MC, Gerkins VR, Casagrande JT, et al. The hormonal basis of breast cancer. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1979;53:187-93.
49. Korenman SG. The endocrinology of breast cancer. Cancer 1980;46:874-8.
50. Nisker JA, Siiteri PK. Estrogens and breast cancer. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1981;24:301-22.
51. Foreman LM, Jouppila PI, Anderson LC. Sera from multiparous women contain antibodies mediating cytotoxicity against breast carcinoma cells. Scand J Immunol 1984; 19:136-9.
52. Kvfile G, Heuch I. A prospective study of reproductive factors and breast cancer. II. Age at first and last birth. Am J Epidemiol 1987;126:842-50.