메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 315, Issue 23, 1986, Pages 1459-1468

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone: Role of Pulsatile Secretion in the Regulation of Reproduction

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GONADORELIN; GONADOTROPIN; HUMAN MENOPAUSAL GONADOTROPIN;

EID: 0022918970     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198612043152306     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (195)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0015187517 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of human gonadotropins. X. Episodic fluctuation of LH during the menstrual cycle
    • Midgley AR Jr, Jaffe RB. Regulation of human gonadotropins. X. Episodic fluctuation of LH during the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971; 33: 962–9.
    • (1971) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.33 , pp. 962-969
    • Midgley, A.R.1    Jaffe, R.B.2
  • 2
    • 0015868425 scopus 로고
    • Episodic luteinizing hormone secretion in man: pulse analysis, clinical interpretation, physiologic mechanisms
    • Santen RJ, Bardin CW. Episodic luteinizing hormone secretion in man: pulse analysis, clinical interpretation, physiologic mechanisms. J Clin Invest 1973; 52: 2617–28.
    • (1973) J Clin Invest , vol.52 , pp. 2617-2628
    • Santen, R.J.1    Bardin, C.W.2
  • 3
    • 0020211729 scopus 로고
    • The temporal relationship between gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in ovariectomized ewes
    • Clarke IJ, Cummins JT. The temporal relationship between gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in ovariectomized ewes. Endocrinology 1982; 111: 1737–9.
    • (1982) Endocrinology , vol.111 , pp. 1737-1739
    • Clarke, I.J.1    Cummins, J.T.2
  • 4
    • 0020211660 scopus 로고
    • Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, as estimated with push-pull cannulae
    • Levine JE, Ramirez VD. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, as estimated with push-pull cannulae. Endocrinology 1982; 111: 1439–48.
    • (1982) Endocrinology , vol.111 , pp. 1439-1448
    • Levine, J.E.1    Ramirez, V.D.2
  • 5
    • 0018168286 scopus 로고
    • Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Belchetz PE, Plant TM, Nakai Y, Keogh EG, Knobil E. Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Science 1978; 202: 631–3.
    • (1978) Science , vol.202 , pp. 631-633
    • Belchetz, P.E.1    Plant, T.M.2    Nakai, Y.3    Keogh, E.G.4    Knobil, E.5
  • 6
    • 0018568144 scopus 로고
    • Low dose pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone in anorexia nervosa: a model of human pubertal development
    • Marshall JC, Kelch RP. Low dose pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone in anorexia nervosa: a model of human pubertal development. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1979; 49: 712–8.
    • (1979) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.49 , pp. 712-718
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Kelch, R.P.2
  • 7
    • 0018950993 scopus 로고
    • Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: hormonal responses to low dose pulsatile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Valk TW, Corley KP, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: hormonal responses to low dose pulsatile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51: 730–8.
    • (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.51 , pp. 730-738
    • Valk, T.W.1    Corley, K.P.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 8
    • 0019914160 scopus 로고
    • Induction of puberty in men by long-term pulsatile administration of low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Hoffman AR, Crowley WF Jr. Induction of puberty in men by long-term pulsatile administration of low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1237–41.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.307 , pp. 1237-1241
    • Hoffman, A.R.1    Crowley, W.F.2
  • 9
    • 0019451437 scopus 로고
    • Frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation and gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey
    • Wildt L, Håusler A, Marshall G, et al. Frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation and gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 376–85.
    • (1981) Endocrinology , vol.109 , pp. 376-385
    • Wildt, L.1    Håusler, A.2    Marshall, G.3
  • 10
    • 0021166846 scopus 로고
    • Effects on plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone of varying the frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulses in ovariectomized ewes with hypothalamo-pituitary disconnection
    • Clarke IJ, Cummins JT, Findlay JK, Burman KJ, Doughton BW. Effects on plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone of varying the frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulses in ovariectomized ewes with hypothalamo-pituitary disconnection. Neuroendocrinology 1984; 39: 214–21.
    • (1984) Neuroendocrinology , vol.39 , pp. 214-221
    • Clarke, I.J.1    Cummins, J.T.2    Findlay, J.K.3    Burman, K.J.4    Doughton, B.W.5
  • 11
    • 0020507320 scopus 로고
    • Hypophysiotropic signal frequency and the functioning of the pituitary-ovarian system in the rhesus monkey
    • Pohl CR, Richardson DW, Hutchison JS, Germak JA, Knobil E. Hypophysiotropic signal frequency and the functioning of the pituitary-ovarian system in the rhesus monkey. Endocrinology 1983; 112: 2076–80.
    • (1983) Endocrinology , vol.112 , pp. 2076-2080
    • Pohl, C.R.1    Richardson, D.W.2    Hutchison, J.S.3    Germak, J.A.4    Knobil, E.5
  • 12
    • 0018947087 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone: differential suppression by ovarian steroids
    • Goodman RL, Karsch FJ. Pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone: differential suppression by ovarian steroids. Endocrinology 1980; 107: 1286–90.
    • (1980) Endocrinology , vol.107 , pp. 1286-1290
    • Goodman, R.L.1    Karsch, F.J.2
  • 13
    • 0020084606 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile secretion of LH, FSH, prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone during the human menstrual cycle
    • Båckström CT, McNeilly AS, Leask RM, Baird DT. Pulsatile secretion of LH, FSH, prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone during the human menstrual cycle. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1982; 17: 29–42.
    • (1982) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.17 , pp. 29-42
    • Båckström, C.T.1    McNeilly, A.S.2    Leask, R.M.3    Baird, D.T.4
  • 14
    • 0021189672 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile gonadotropin secretion during the human menstrual cycle: evidence for altered frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion
    • Reame N, Sauder SE, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Pulsatile gonadotropin secretion during the human menstrual cycle: evidence for altered frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 59: 328–37.
    • (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.59 , pp. 328-337
    • Reame, N.1    Sauder, S.E.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 15
    • 0020516355 scopus 로고
    • A role for estradiol in enhancing luteinizing hormone pulse frequency during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle of sheep
    • Karsch FJ, Foster DL, Bittman EL, Goodman RL. A role for estradiol in enhancing luteinizing hormone pulse frequency during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle of sheep. Endocrinology 1983; 113: 1333–9.
    • (1983) Endocrinology , vol.113 , pp. 1333-1339
    • Karsch, F.J.1    Foster, D.L.2    Bittman, E.L.3    Goodman, R.L.4
  • 16
    • 0021248729 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of pulsatile gonadotropin secretion by testosterone in man
    • Matsumoto AM, Bremner WJ. Modulation of pulsatile gonadotropin secretion by testosterone in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58: 609–14.
    • (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.58 , pp. 609-614
    • Matsumoto, A.M.1    Bremner, W.J.2
  • 18
  • 19
    • 0021252023 scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine regulation of the corpus luteum in the human: evidence for pulsatile progesterone secretion
    • Filicori M, Butler JP, Crowley WF Jr. Neuroendocrine regulation of the corpus luteum in the human: evidence for pulsatile progesterone secretion. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 1638–47.
    • (1984) J Clin Invest , vol.73 , pp. 1638-1647
    • Filicori, M.1    Butler, J.P.2    Crowley, W.F.3
  • 20
    • 85003168329 scopus 로고
    • Neural regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion in the rat
    • Kalra SP, Kalra PS. Neural regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion in the rat. Endocr Rev 1983; 4: 311–51.
    • (1983) Endocr Rev , vol.4 , pp. 311-351
    • Kalra, S.P.1    Kalra, P.S.2
  • 21
    • 0021846712 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological manifestation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse generator activity in the rhesus monkey; influence of α-adrenergic and dopaminergic blocking agents
    • Kaufman J-M, Kesner JS, Wilson RC, Knobil E. Electrophysiological manifestation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse generator activity in the rhesus monkey; influence of α-adrenergic and dopaminergic blocking agents. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 1327–33.
    • (1985) Endocrinology , vol.116 , pp. 1327-1333
    • Kaufman, J.-M.1    Kesner, J.S.2    Wilson, R.C.3    Knobil, E.4
  • 22
    • 0021259167 scopus 로고
    • Role of endogenous opiates in the expression of negative feedback actions of androgens and estrogens on pulsatile properties of luteinizing hormone secretion in man
    • Veldhuis JD, Rogol AD, Samojlik E, Ertel NH. Role of endogenous opiates in the expression of negative feedback actions of androgens and estrogens on pulsatile properties of luteinizing hormone secretion in man. J Clin Invest 1984; 74: 47–55.
    • (1984) J Clin Invest , vol.74 , pp. 47-55
    • Veldhuis, J.D.1    Rogol, A.D.2    Samojlik, E.3    Ertel, N.H.4
  • 23
    • 0018927124 scopus 로고
    • The role of endogenous opiates on LH secretion during the menstrual cycle
    • Quigley ME, Yen SSC. The role of endogenous opiates on LH secretion during the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51: 179–81.
    • (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.51 , pp. 179-181
    • Quigley, M.E.1    Yen, S.S.C.2
  • 24
    • 0021268156 scopus 로고
    • Reduced frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the luteal phase of the rhesus monkey: involvement of endogenous opiates
    • Van Vugt DA, Lam NY, Ferin M. Reduced frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the luteal phase of the rhesus monkey: involvement of endogenous opiates. Endocrinology 1984; 115: 1095–101.
    • (1984) Endocrinology , vol.115 , pp. 1095-1101
    • Van Vugt, D.A.1    Lam, N.Y.2    Ferin, M.3
  • 26
    • 0022410806 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men: dependence of the hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the magnitude of the endogenous GnRH secretory defect
    • Barkan AL, Reame NE, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men: dependence of the hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the magnitude of the endogenous GnRH secretory defect. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 61: 1118–24.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.61 , pp. 1118-1124
    • Barkan, A.L.1    Reame, N.E.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 27
    • 0019540127 scopus 로고
    • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone action in the pituitary: a three step mechanism
    • Conn PM, Marian J, McMillian M, et al. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone action in the pituitary: a three step mechanism. Endocr Rev 1981; 2: 174–85.
    • (1981) Endocr Rev , vol.2 , pp. 174-185
    • Conn, P.M.1    Marian, J.2    McMillian, M.3
  • 28
    • 0018642104 scopus 로고
    • Radioiodinated nondegradable gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs: new probes for the investigation of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors
    • Clayton RN, Shakespear RA, Duncan JA, Marshall JC. Radioiodinated nondegradable gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs: new probes for the investigation of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Endocrinology 1979; 105: 1369–81.
    • (1979) Endocrinology , vol.105 , pp. 1369-1381
    • Clayton, R.N.1    Shakespear, R.A.2    Duncan, J.A.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 29
    • 0019540090 scopus 로고
    • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: characterization, physiological regulation, and relationship to reproductive function
    • Clayton RN, Catt KJ. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: characterization, physiological regulation, and relationship to reproductive function. Endocr Rev 1981; 2: 186–209.
    • (1981) Endocr Rev , vol.2 , pp. 186-209
    • Clayton, R.N.1    Catt, K.J.2
  • 30
    • 0019511376 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: effects of castration, steroid replacement, and the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in modulating receptors in the rat
    • Frager MS, Pieper DR, Tonetta SA, Duncan JA, Marshall JC. Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: effects of castration, steroid replacement, and the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in modulating receptors in the rat. J Clin Invest 1981; 67: 615–23.
    • (1981) J Clin Invest , vol.67 , pp. 615-623
    • Frager, M.S.1    Pieper, D.R.2    Tonetta, S.A.3    Duncan, J.A.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 31
    • 0021808661 scopus 로고
    • The frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation determines the number of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors
    • Katt JA, Duncan JA, Herbon L, Barkan A, Marshall JC. The frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation determines the number of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 2113–5.
    • (1985) Endocrinology , vol.116 , pp. 2113-2115
    • Katt, J.A.1    Duncan, J.A.2    Herbon, L.3    Barkan, A.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 32
    • 0022521458 scopus 로고
    • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone differentially regulates expression of the genes for luteinizing hormone α and β subunits in male rats
    • Papavasiliou SS, Zmeili S, Khoury S, Landefeld TD, Chin WW, Marshall JC. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone differentially regulates expression of the genes for luteinizing hormone α and β subunits in male rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 4026–9.
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 4026-4029
    • Papavasiliou, S.S.1    Zmeili, S.2    Khoury, S.3    Landefeld, T.D.4    Chin, W.W.5    Marshall, J.C.6
  • 34
    • 0016171199 scopus 로고
    • Estradiol augmentation of pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in women
    • Jaffe RB, Keye WR Jr. Estradiol augmentation of pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1974; 39: 850–5.
    • (1974) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.39 , pp. 850-855
    • Jaffe, R.B.1    Keye, W.R.2
  • 35
    • 0021189942 scopus 로고
    • Direct pituitary effects of estrogen and progesterone on gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized ewe
    • Clarke IJ, Cummins JT. Direct pituitary effects of estrogen and progesterone on gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized ewe. Neuroendocrinology 1984; 39: 267–74.
    • (1984) Neuroendocrinology , vol.39 , pp. 267-274
    • Clarke, I.J.1    Cummins, J.T.2
  • 36
    • 0018895726 scopus 로고
    • Acute stimulatory effects of progesterone on luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release in rat anterior pituitary cells in culture
    • Lagacé L, Massicotte J, Labrie F. Acute stimulatory effects of progesterone on luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release in rat anterior pituitary cells in culture. Endocrinology 1980; 106: 684–9.
    • (1980) Endocrinology , vol.106 , pp. 684-689
    • Lagacé, L.1    Massicotte, J.2    Labrie, F.3
  • 37
    • 0020509869 scopus 로고
    • Induction of midcycle gonadotropin surge by ovarian steroids in women: a critical evaluation
    • Liu JH, Yen SSC. Induction of midcycle gonadotropin surge by ovarian steroids in women: a critical evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 57: 797–802.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.57 , pp. 797-802
    • Liu, J.H.1    Yen, S.S.C.2
  • 38
    • 0020670503 scopus 로고
    • Selective inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone by estradiol: mechanism for modulation of gonadotropin responses to low dose pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Marshall JC, Case GD, Valk TW, Corley KP, Sauder SE, Kelch RP. Selective inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone by estradiol: mechanism for modulation of gonadotropin responses to low dose pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 248–57.
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.71 , pp. 248-257
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Case, G.D.2    Valk, T.W.3    Corley, K.P.4    Sauder, S.E.5    Kelch, R.P.6
  • 39
    • 0017722417 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen regulation of follicle stimulating hormone in cell cultures of sheep pituitaries
    • Miller WL, Knight MM, Grimek HJ, Gorski J. Estrogen regulation of follicle stimulating hormone in cell cultures of sheep pituitaries. Endocrinology 1977; 100: 1306–16.
    • (1977) Endocrinology , vol.100 , pp. 1306-1316
    • Miller, W.L.1    Knight, M.M.2    Grimek, H.J.3    Gorski, J.4
  • 40
    • 0022380618 scopus 로고
    • Complementary DNA sequences of ovarian follicular fluid inhibin show precursor structure and homology with transforming growth factor-β
    • Mason AJ, Hayflick JS, Ling N, et al. Complementary DNA sequences of ovarian follicular fluid inhibin show precursor structure and homology with transforming growth factor-β. Nature 1985; 318: 659–63.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.318 , pp. 659-663
    • Mason, A.J.1    Hayflick, J.S.2    Ling, N.3
  • 41
    • 84883946775 scopus 로고
    • Gonadotropin regulation during human puberty
    • In: Reid RL, ed. Neuroendocrine aspects of reproduction. New York: Academic Press
    • Kelch RP, Marshall JC, Sauder SE, Hopwood NJ, Reame NE. Gonadotropin regulation during human puberty. In: Reid RL, ed. Neuroendocrine aspects of reproduction. New York: Academic Press, 1983:229–56.
    • (1983) , pp. 229-256
    • Kelch, R.P.1    Marshall, J.C.2    Sauder, S.E.3    Hopwood, N.J.4    Reame, N.E.5
  • 43
    • 0020592671 scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in gonadal dysgenesis
    • Ross JL, Loriaux DL, Cutler GB Jr. Developmental changes in neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in gonadal dysgenesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 57: 288–93.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.57 , pp. 288-293
    • Ross, J.L.1    Loriaux, D.L.2    Cutler, G.B.3
  • 44
    • 0017228309 scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in gonadotropin excretion in prepubertal and pubertal children
    • Kulin HE, Moore RG Jr, Santner SJ. Circadian rhythms in gonadotropin excretion in prepubertal and pubertal children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1976; 42: 770–3.
    • (1976) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.42 , pp. 770-773
    • Kulin, H.E.1    Moore, R.G.2    Santner, S.J.3
  • 45
    • 85023713383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropins in children
    • In: Proceedings of “Episodic hormone secretion: methods of analysis and normative data.” New York: Academic Press (in press).
    • Kelch RP, Khoury SA, Hale PM, Hopwood NJ, Marshall JC. Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropins in children. In: Proceedings of “Episodic hormone secretion: methods of analysis and normative data.” New York: Academic Press (in press).
    • Kelch, R.P.1    Khoury, S.A.2    Hale, P.M.3    Hopwood, N.J.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 46
    • 0019380279 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of GnRH pulse amplitude during pubertal development
    • Corley KP, Valk TW, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Estimation of GnRH pulse amplitude during pubertal development. Pediatr Res 1981; 15: 157–62.
    • (1981) Pediatr Res , vol.15 , pp. 157-162
    • Corley, K.P.1    Valk, T.W.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 47
    • 0021960767 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for decreased secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in pubertal boys during short-term testosterone treatment
    • Kelch RP, Hopwood NJ, Sauder S, Marshall JC. Evidence for decreased secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in pubertal boys during short-term testosterone treatment. Pediatr Res 1985; 19: 112–7.
    • (1985) Pediatr Res , vol.19 , pp. 112-117
    • Kelch, R.P.1    Hopwood, N.J.2    Sauder, S.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 48
    • 0020075206 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the neonatal male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)
    • Plant TM. Pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the neonatal male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). J Endocrinol 1982; 93: 71–74.
    • (1982) J Endocrinol , vol.93 , pp. 71-74
    • Plant, T.M.1
  • 49
    • 0021257885 scopus 로고
    • The effects of opiate antagonism on gonadotropin secretion in children and in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea
    • Sauder SE, Case GD, Hopwood NJ, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. The effects of opiate antagonism on gonadotropin secretion in children and in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea. Pediatr Res 1984; 18: 322–8.
    • (1984) Pediatr Res , vol.18 , pp. 322-328
    • Sauder, S.E.1    Case, G.D.2    Hopwood, N.J.3    Kelch, R.P.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 50
    • 0016345845 scopus 로고
    • The absence of positive feedback between estrogen and luteinizing hormone in sexually immature girls
    • Reiter EO, Kulin HE, Hamwood SM. The absence of positive feedback between estrogen and luteinizing hormone in sexually immature girls. Pediatr Res 1974; 8: 740–5.
    • (1974) Pediatr Res , vol.8 , pp. 740-745
    • Reiter, E.O.1    Kulin, H.E.2    Hamwood, S.M.3
  • 51
    • 0014439938 scopus 로고
    • Daily variations in plasma follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone in the normal menstrual cycle
    • Cargille CM, Ross GT, Yoshimi T. Daily variations in plasma follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone in the normal menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969; 29: 12–19.
    • (1969) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.29 , pp. 12-19
    • Cargille, C.M.1    Ross, G.T.2    Yoshimi, T.3
  • 52
    • 0015288096 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous radioimmunoassay of plasma FSH, LH, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol-17 β during the menstrual cycle
    • Abraham GE, Odell WD, Swerdloff RS, Hopper K. Simultaneous radioimmunoassay of plasma FSH, LH, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol-17 β during the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972; 34: 312–8.
    • (1972) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.34 , pp. 312-318
    • Abraham, G.E.1    Odell, W.D.2    Swerdloff, R.S.3    Hopper, K.4
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0019741127 scopus 로고
    • Folliculogenesis in the primate ovarian cycle
    • DiZerega GS, Hodgen GD. Folliculogenesis in the primate ovarian cycle. Endocr Rev 1981; 2: 27–49.
    • (1981) Endocr Rev , vol.2 , pp. 27-49
    • DiZerega, G.S.1    Hodgen, G.D.2
  • 55
    • 0019453216 scopus 로고
    • Premature elevation of systemic estradiol reduces serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and lengthens the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in rhesus monkeys
    • Zeleznik AJ. Premature elevation of systemic estradiol reduces serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and lengthens the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in rhesus monkeys. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 352–5.
    • (1981) Endocrinology , vol.109 , pp. 352-355
    • Zeleznik, A.J.1
  • 56
    • 0020825426 scopus 로고
    • Factors regulating the growth of the preovulatory follicle in the sheep and human
    • Baird DT. Factors regulating the growth of the preovulatory follicle in the sheep and human. J Reprod Fertil 1983; 69: 343–52.
    • (1983) J Reprod Fertil , vol.69 , pp. 343-352
    • Baird, D.T.1
  • 57
    • 0021241590 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile release of LH and oestradiol during the periovulatory period in normal women
    • Djahanbakhch O, Warner P, McNeilly AS, Baird DT. Pulsatile release of LH and oestradiol during the periovulatory period in normal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1984; 20: 579–89.
    • (1984) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.20 , pp. 579-589
    • Djahanbakhch, O.1    Warner, P.2    McNeilly, A.S.3    Baird, D.T.4
  • 58
    • 0021271766 scopus 로고
    • Biologically active luteinizing hormone is secreted in episodic pulsations that vary in relation to the stage of the menstrual cycle
    • Veldhuis JD, Beitins IZ, Johnson ML, Serabian MA, Dufau ML. Biologically active luteinizing hormone is secreted in episodic pulsations that vary in relation to the stage of the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58: 1050–8.
    • (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.58 , pp. 1050-1058
    • Veldhuis, J.D.1    Beitins, I.Z.2    Johnson, M.L.3    Serabian, M.A.4    Dufau, M.L.5
  • 59
    • 0014348007 scopus 로고
    • Progestogen-induced luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone surge in postmenopausal women: a simulated ovulatory peak
    • Odell WD, Swerdloff RS. Progestogen-induced luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone surge in postmenopausal women: a simulated ovulatory peak. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1968; 61: 529–36.
    • (1968) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.61 , pp. 529-536
    • Odell, W.D.1    Swerdloff, R.S.2
  • 60
    • 0020509869 scopus 로고
    • Induction of midcycle gonadotropin surge by ovarian steroids in women: a critical evaluation
    • Liu JH, Yen SSC. Induction of midcycle gonadotropin surge by ovarian steroids in women: a critical evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 57: 797–802.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.57 , pp. 797-802
    • Liu, J.H.1    Yen, S.S.C.2
  • 61
    • 0018849088 scopus 로고
    • Control of the rhesus monkey menstrual cycle: permissive role of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Knobil E, Plant TM, Wildt L, Belchetz PE, Marshall G. Control of the rhesus monkey menstrual cycle: permissive role of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Science 1980; 207: 1371–3.
    • (1980) Science , vol.207 , pp. 1371-1373
    • Knobil, E.1    Plant, T.M.2    Wildt, L.3    Belchetz, P.E.4    Marshall, G.5
  • 62
    • 0019142899 scopus 로고
    • Pregnancies following chronic intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Gn-RH by means of a portable pump (“Zyklomat”) — a new approach to the treatment of infertility in hypothalamic amenorrhea
    • Leyendecker G, Wildt L, Hansmann M. Pregnancies following chronic intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Gn-RH by means of a portable pump (“Zyklomat”) — a new approach to the treatment of infertility in hypothalamic amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51: 1214–6.
    • (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.51 , pp. 1214-1216
    • Leyendecker, G.1    Wildt, L.2    Hansmann, M.3
  • 63
    • 85023669072 scopus 로고
    • Consistant LH responses to GnRH pulses in GnRH deficient patients treated with luteal phase steroids
    • abstract.
    • Khoury S, Barkan A, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Consistant LH responses to GnRH pulses in GnRH deficient patients treated with luteal phase steroids. Clin Res 1985; 33: 309A. abstract.
    • (1985) Clin Res , vol.33 , pp. 309A
    • Khoury, S.1    Barkan, A.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 64
    • 85023681688 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): studies of puberty and the menstrual cycle
    • In: Labrie F, Proulx L. Endocrinology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Endocrinology, Quebec. Amsterdam: Elsevier,:25–32. (International congress series 655.)
    • Marshall JC, Kelch RP, Sauder SE, Barkan A, Reame NE, Khoury S. Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): studies of puberty and the menstrual cycle. In: Labrie F, Proulx L. Endocrinology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Endocrinology, Quebec. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984:25–32. (International congress series 655.)
    • (1984)
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Kelch, R.P.2    Sauder, S.E.3    Barkan, A.4    Reame, N.E.5    Khoury, S.6
  • 65
    • 0015210839 scopus 로고
    • Amenorrhoea in anorexia nervosa: assessment and treatment with clomiphene citrate
    • Marshall JC, Fraser TR. Amenorrhoea in anorexia nervosa: assessment and treatment with clomiphene citrate. Br Med J 1971; 4: 590–2.
    • (1971) Br Med J , vol.4 , pp. 590-592
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Fraser, T.R.2
  • 66
    • 0015218175 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged secondary amenorrhœa after oral contraceptive therapy: natural and unnatural history
    • Shearman RP. Prolonged secondary amenorrhœa after oral contraceptive therapy: natural and unnatural history. Lancet 1971; 2: 64–66.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 64-66
    • Shearman, R.P.1
  • 67
    • 0017072906 scopus 로고
    • Luteinizing hormone secretion in patients presenting with post-oral contraceptive amenorrhoea: evidence for a hypothalamic feedback abnormality
    • Marshall JC, Reed PI, Gordon H. Luteinizing hormone secretion in patients presenting with post-oral contraceptive amenorrhoea: evidence for a hypothalamic feedback abnormality. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1976; 5: 131–43.
    • (1976) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.5 , pp. 131-143
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Reed, P.I.2    Gordon, H.3
  • 70
    • 0022389694 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea: evidence that reduced frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion is the mechanism of persistent anovulation
    • Reame NE, Sauder SE, Case GD, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea: evidence that reduced frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion is the mechanism of persistent anovulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 61: 851–8.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.61 , pp. 851-858
    • Reame, N.E.1    Sauder, S.E.2    Case, G.D.3    Kelch, R.P.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 72
    • 0019808932 scopus 로고
    • Physical conditioning facilitates the exercise-induced secretion of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin in women
    • Carr DB, Bullen BA, Skrinar GS, et al. Physical conditioning facilitates the exercise-induced secretion of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin in women. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 560–3.
    • (1981) N Engl J Med , vol.305 , pp. 560-563
    • Carr, D.B.1    Bullen, B.A.2    Skrinar, G.S.3
  • 73
    • 0021330633 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged elevation of hypothalamic opioid peptide activity in women taking oral contraceptives
    • Casper RF, Bhanot R, Wilkinson M. Prolonged elevation of hypothalamic opioid peptide activity in women taking oral contraceptives. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58: 582–4.
    • (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.58 , pp. 582-584
    • Casper, R.F.1    Bhanot, R.2    Wilkinson, M.3
  • 74
    • 0019967458 scopus 로고
    • Opiate mediation of amenorrhoea in hyperprolactinaemia and in weight-loss related amenorrhoea
    • Grossman A, Moult PJA, McIntyre H, et al. Opiate mediation of amenorrhoea in hyperprolactinaemia and in weight-loss related amenorrhoea. Clin Endocrinology (Oxf) 1982; 17: 379–88.
    • (1982) Clin Endocrinology (Oxf) , vol.17 , pp. 379-388
    • Grossman, A.1    Moult, P.J.A.2    McIntyre, H.3
  • 75
    • 0018942087 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for increased dopaminergic and opiate activity in patients with hypothalamic hypogonadotropic amenorrhea
    • Quigley ME, Sheehan KL, Casper RF, Yen SSC. Evidence for increased dopaminergic and opiate activity in patients with hypothalamic hypogonadotropic amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 50: 949–54.
    • (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.50 , pp. 949-954
    • Quigley, M.E.1    Sheehan, K.L.2    Casper, R.F.3    Yen, S.S.C.4
  • 76
    • 85023670434 scopus 로고
    • Reduced GnRH pulsatility in hypothalamic amenorrhea: consistency of diurnal patterns and effects of opiate blockade and α-adrenergic stimulation
    • abstract.
    • Khoury S, Reame N, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Reduced GnRH pulsatility in hypothalamic amenorrhea: consistency of diurnal patterns and effects of opiate blockade and α-adrenergic stimulation. Clin Res 1985; 33: 875a. abstract.
    • (1985) Clin Res , vol.33 , pp. 875a
    • Khoury, S.1    Reame, N.2    Kelch, R.P.3    Marshall, J.C.4
  • 78
    • 0021159754 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal patterns of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in women with hyperprolac tinemia and amenorrhea: responses to bromocriptine
    • Sauder SE, Frager M, Case GD, Kelch RP, Marshall JC. Abnormal patterns of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in women with hyperprolac tinemia and amenorrhea: responses to bromocriptine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 59: 941–8.
    • (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.59 , pp. 941-948
    • Sauder, S.E.1    Frager, M.2    Case, G.D.3    Kelch, R.P.4    Marshall, J.C.5
  • 79
    • 0021795020 scopus 로고
    • Hyperprolactinemia decreases the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone concentration in pituitary portal plasma: a possible role for β-endorphin as a mediator
    • Sarkar DP, Yen SSC. Hyperprolactinemia decreases the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone concentration in pituitary portal plasma: a possible role for β-endorphin as a mediator. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 2080–4.
    • (1985) Endocrinology , vol.116 , pp. 2080-2084
    • Sarkar, D.P.1    Yen, S.S.C.2
  • 80
    • 0021235395 scopus 로고
    • Induction of ovulation and fertility in amenorrheic women by pulsatile low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    • Hurley DM, Brian R, Outch K, et al. Induction of ovulation and fertility in amenorrheic women by pulsatile low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 1069–74.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.310 , pp. 1069-1074
    • Hurley, D.M.1    Brian, R.2    Outch, K.3
  • 81
    • 0021221025 scopus 로고
    • Review of naltrexone, a long-acting opiate antagonist
    • Crabtree BL. Review of naltrexone, a long-acting opiate antagonist. Clin Pharm 1984; 3: 273–80.
    • (1984) Clin Pharm , vol.3 , pp. 273-280
    • Crabtree, B.L.1
  • 82
    • 0017068476 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Rebar R, Judd HL, Yen SSC, Rakoff J, Vandenberg G, Naftolin F. Characterization of inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Invest 1976; 57: 1320–9.
    • (1976) J Clin Invest , vol.57 , pp. 1320-1329
    • Rebar, R.1    Judd, H.L.2    Yen, S.S.C.3    Rakoff, J.4    Vandenberg, G.5    Naftolin, F.6
  • 83
    • 0022414079 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile luteinizing hormone patterns in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), and non-PCOD secondary amenorrhea
    • Burger CW, Korsen T, van Kessel H, van Dop PA, Karon FJM, Schoemaker J. Pulsatile luteinizing hormone patterns in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), and non-PCOD secondary amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 61: 1126–32.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.61 , pp. 1126-1132
    • Burger, C.W.1    Korsen, T.2    van Kessel, H.3    van Dop, P.A.4    Karon, F.J.M.5    Schoemaker, J.6
  • 84
    • 0015022833 scopus 로고
    • Monotropic increase in serum FSH correlated with low sperm count in young men with idiopathic oligospermia and aspermia
    • Rosen SW, Weintraub BD. Monotropic increase in serum FSH correlated with low sperm count in young men with idiopathic oligospermia and aspermia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971; 32: 410–6.
    • (1971) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.32 , pp. 410-416
    • Rosen, S.W.1    Weintraub, B.D.2
  • 85
    • 0021971205 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for decreased luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse frequency in men with selective elevations of follicle-stimulating hormone
    • Gross KM, Matsumoto AM, Southworth MD, Bremner WJ. Evidence for decreased luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone pulse frequency in men with selective elevations of follicle-stimulating hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60: 197–202.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.60 , pp. 197-202
    • Gross, K.M.1    Matsumoto, A.M.2    Southworth, M.D.3    Bremner, W.J.4
  • 86
    • 0022600832 scopus 로고
    • Selective reduction of elevated FSH levels in infertile men by pulsatile LHRH treatment
    • Honigl W, Knuth UA, Nieschlag E. Selective reduction of elevated FSH levels in infertile men by pulsatile LHRH treatment. Clin Endocrinology(Oxf) 1986; 24: 177–82.
    • (1986) Clin Endocrinology(Oxf) , vol.24 , pp. 177-182
    • Honigl, W.1    Knuth, U.A.2    Nieschlag, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.