Deep-water facies, processes and models: a review and classification scheme for modern and ancient sediments

Earth Science Reviews

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 1986, Pages 75-174

  Pickering, Kevin ^a   Stow, Dorrik ^a   Watson, Mike ^a   Hiscott, Richard ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0022554791     PISSN: 00128252     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0012-8252(86)90001-2     Document Type: Article

References (276)

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3. Olistostromes and olistoliths
4. An interpretation and analysis of recumbent folded deformed cross-bedding
5. Sedimentation on the Antarctic continental slope
6. Upper Llandoverian Grogal Sandstone and Aberystwyth Grits in the New Quay area central Wales a possible upward transition from contourites to turbidites
7. Pelagic sediments
8. Carbonaceous sediments in North and South Atlantic: the role of salinity in stable stratification of early Cretaceous basins
9. Models for the deposition of Mesozoic-Cenozoic fine-grained organic-carbon-rich sediment in the deep sea
10. Auto-suspension of transported sediment; turbidity currents
11. Submarine faulting in Kimmeridgian times: East Sutherland
12. Seismic Expression of Structural Styles
13. Seismic Expression of Structural Styles
14. Seismic Expression of Structural Styles
15. Deep submarine channel in Upper Miocene, Orange County, California
16. Deep-sea sedimentation
17. Certain earmarks distinguishing glacial and moraine-like glaciomarine sediments as in Spitsbergen
18. Ancient and recent turbidites
19. Turbidites
20. Modelling of turbidity currents on Navy Submarine Fan, California Continental Borderland
21. The origin and significance of sand volcanoes in the Bude Formation (Cornwall)
22. A discussion and classification of subaqueous mass-transport with particular application to grain-flow, slurry-flow, and fluxoturbidites
23. Sealers Bay submarine fan complex Oligocene southern New Zealand
24. Redeposited conglomerates in Miocene flysch sequence at Blackmount Western Southland, New Zealand
25. Mass-flow arenites from a Paleozoic Interarc Basin, New South Wales, Australia; mode and environment of emplacement
26. Sedimentary structures and environment of some thick sandstone beds of turbidite type
27. Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel of the Labrador Sea, III. Head spill vs. body spill deposits from turbidity currents on natural levees
28. Fine structures of turbidite and associated muds in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan)
29. Turbidites and megaturbidites from the Herodotus abyssal plain (eastern Mediterranean) unrelated to seismic events
30. Multiple slump scars in the Tortonian type area (Piedmont Basin, northwestern Italy)
31. Landslide perspectives
32. Deep-water carbonate environments
33. Structural styles in Mesozoic and Cenozoic melanges in the western Cordillera of North America
34. Sedimentary structures of Mississippi Fan fine-grained sediments: thin-section analysis
35. Origin of pebbly mudstones
36. Mass-transport processes on Amazon Cone: western equatorial Atlantic
37. Distributary channel meandering and bifurcation patterns on the Amazon deep-sea fan as revealed by long-range side-scan (GLORIA)
38. Transport and deposition of resedimented conglomerates: the Cap Enrage Formation, Gaspe, Quebec
39. Origin and geochemistry of Cretaceous deep-sea black shales and multicolored claystones, with emphasis on DSDP Site 530, southern Angola Basin
40. Classification of deep-sea fine-grained sediments
41. Sedimentation and erosion in Scripps submarine canyon head
42. Geology of Continental Slopes
43. Turbidites in flysch of the Polish Carpathian Mountains
44. Glacial environments
45. New evidence for occurrence of debris flow deposits in the deep sea
46. Cloridorme Formation, Middle Ordovician Flysch, northern Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec
47. Anatomy of a flysch
48. Flow regimes in debris flow
49. Contourite drift moulded by deep Mediterranean outflow
50. An ancient (Upper Paleocene) submarine canyon and fan; the Meganos channel, Sacramento Valley, California
51. Submarine volcanoclastic rocks
52. Discussion. Les résultats des études pour la recherche exploration en Sicile
53. Contourite facies of the Faro Drift, Gulf of Cadiz
54. Anatomy of margin basins — presidential address
55. Fine sediment transport and deposition in active margin basins
56. A review of fine-grained sediment origins, characteristics, transport and deposition
57. Studies of fine-grained sediment transport processes and products in the Californian Continental Borderland
58. Nature and classification of waterlain glaciogenic sediments, exemplified by Pleistocene, Late Paleozoic and Late Precambrian deposits
59. Observations géologiques sur le Jura Soleurois
60. Variations of density and porosity with depth in deep-sea sediments
61. The role of subaqueous debris flow in generating turbidity currents
62. Competence of fine-grained debris flows
63. Stratification, bed forms, and flow phenomena (with an example from the Rio Grande)
64. Depositional mechanisms of deep-sea coarse clastic sediments, Cap Enrage Formation, Quebec
65. The Cambro-Ordovician Cap Enrage Formation, Quebec, Canada: conglomeratic deposits of a braided submarine channel with terraces
66. Breccias deposited by mass flow in the Breccia Nappe of the French pre-Alps
67. Sedimentation of deep water conglomerates in Lower Ordovician rocks of Quebec — composite bedding produced by progressive liquefaction of sediment?
68. Cap des Rosiers Formation at Grosses Roches, Quebec — deposits in the mid-fan region of an Ordovician submarine fan
69. Turbiditic and non-turbiditic mudstone of Cretaceous flysch sections of the east Alps and other basins
70. Deep-sea fan sediments in the Torlesse zone, Lake Ohau, South Canterbury, New Zealand
71. A thick Holocene homogenite from the Ionian Abyssal Plain (eastern Mediterranean)
72. Sedimentary facies of the Nova Scotian upper and middle continental slope, offshore eastern Canada
73. Depositional framework of sandy mid-fan complexes of the Tourelle Formation, Ordovician, Quebec
74. Carbonate debris flows, Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland
75. Depositional mechanics of thick-bedded sandstones at the base of a submarine slope, Tourelle Formation (Lower Ordovician), Quebec, Canada
76. Fabric of coarse, deep-water sandstones, Tourelle Formation, Quebec, Canada
77. Reflected turbidity currents on an Ordovician basin floor, Canadian Appalachians
78. Les “argites rouges des grands fonds” dans le Pacifique centre-est: attigenèse, transport, diagenèse
79. Eocene conglomerate sedimentology and basin analysis, San Diego and the southern California borderland
80. Melanges and their distinction from olistostromes
81. Pelagic sediments on land and under the sea
82. Sedimentation history of Upper Ordovician geosynclinal rocks, Girvan, Scotland
83. Deep sea sediments in the Lower Palaeozoic Quebec Supergroup
84. Submarine fan facies of the Upper Cretaceous Great Valley Sequence, northern and central California
85. Terminology for the thickness of stratification and parting units in sedimentary rocks
86. Lithostratigraphy of the Monterey Formation, Goleta to Point Conception, Santa Barbara Coast, California
87. Hemipelagic deposits in a Miocene basin, California: toward a model of lithologic variation and sequence
88. The motion of ellipsoidal particles immersed in a viscous fluid
89. Pelagic environments
90. Sedimentation of coarser grained interbeds in the Arabian Sea and sedimentation processes of the Indus
91. Paleocurrents and depositional environments of deep water conglomerates in the Cambro-Ordovician Cap Enrage Formation, Quebec Appalachians
92. Morphology and origin of ripple-drift cross lamination, with examples from the Pleistocene of Massachussetts
93. Enigmatic deep-water depositional mechanisms, upper part of the Oquirrh Group, Utah
94. A slope-fan-basin-plain model, Taconic sequence, New York and Vermont
95. Clast size, shape, and composition in some ancient and modern fan gravels
96. Turbidites after ten years of deep-sea drilling — wringing out the mop?
97. Sediment drifts and intraplate tectonics in the North Atlantic
98. Submarine silicic volcanism and associated sedimentary and tectonic processes, Ramsey Island, SW Wales
99. Morphology and Quaternary sedimentation of the Mozambique Fan and environs, southwestern Indian Ocean
100. The channelized flow of turbidity currents with application to Monterey Deep-Sea Fan Channel
101. The competence of turbidity current flow
102. Relative significance of head and body spill from a channelized turbidity current
103. Continuity of turbidity current flow and systematic variations in deep-sea channel morphology
104. The hydraulic interpretation of turbidites from their grain sizes and sedimentary structures
105. Graded and laminated bedding in Carpathian Flysch
106. Properties of turbidity currents of high density
107. Significant features of graded bedding
108. Deep-sea sands and ancient turbidites
109. Experiments in connection with turbidity currents and clay-suspensions. Colston Papers
110. Matrix of turbidites experimental approach
111. Experimental turbidite lamination in a circular flume
112. Turbidity currents as a cause of graded bedding
113. Recognition and sedimentologic description of recent debris flow deposits from the Ross and Weddell Seas, Antarctica
114. Megaturbidites carbonatées du bassin turbiditique de l'Eocène inférieur et moyen sud-pyrénéen
115. Rotational slumps and slump scars in Silurian rocks western Ireland
116. Vertical sheet structure — a new indicator of sedimentary fabric
117. Density-modified grain-flow deposits from an early Paleozoic margin
118. Slumping on a continental slope inclined at 1–4 degrees
119. Sedimentation in the World Ocean
120. Resedimented conglomerates of Huronian (Lower Aphebian) age, from the north shore of Lake Huron, Ontario, Canada
121. Identification of ancient sandy contourites
122. Water escape structures in coarse grained sediments
123. Grain flow and grain flow deposits
124. Subaqueous liquefied and fluidized sediment flows and their deposits
125. Sediment gravity flows, II. Depositional models with special reference to the deposits of high-density turbidity currents
126. The characteristics and origins of dish and pillar structures
127. Sedimentology, petrology and gas potential of the Brallier Formation — Upper Devonian turbidite facies of the central and southern Appalachians
128. Experiments on non-channelized turbidity currents and their deposits
129. The Nile Cone submarine fan development by cyclic sedimentation
130. Depositional patterns and Late Quaternary evolution of two Mediterranean submarine fans; a comparison
131. Composition and origin of the megabed containing huge clasts, flysch formation, middle Dalmatia, Yugoslavia
132. Sedimentary structures and paleocurrents in the marginal lithofacies of the Central-Carpathian flysch
133. Depositional environment of conglomerates as interpreted from sedimentological studies (Paleogene of Klippen Belt and adjacent tectonic units in East Slovakia)
134. Depositional features of organic-carbon-rich black and green mudstone at DSDP Sites 386 and 387, western North Atlantic
135. Erosion, transport and deposition of fine-grained marine sediments
136. Wilmington submarine canyon: a marine fluvial-like system
137. Experiments in density and turbidity currents 1 Motion of the head
138. Experiments in density and turbidity currents 2 Uniform flow of turbidity currents
139. Experiments on density and turbidity currents 3 Deposition of sediment
140. The orientation of concave-convex particles deposited from experimental turbidity currents
141. Turbidity currents
142. Experimental studies related to problems of flysch sedimentation
143. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Min. Short Course, Revised Notes
144. Submarine slumps
145. Interaction of rivers and oceans — Pleistocene petroleum potential
146. Turbidites and terrigenous muds, DSDP Leg 25
147. Classification and interpretation of disturbed bedding types in the Jackfork flysch rocks (upper Mississippian), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas
148. Distinctive thin-bedded turbidite facies and related depositional environments in the Eocene Hecho Group (South-Central Pyrenees Spain)
149. Le torbiditi dell' Appenino settentrionale: introduzione all' analisi di facies
150. La signification de certaines unites sequentielles dans les séries à turbidites
151. Turbidite facies and facies associations
152. Turbidites of the northern Apennines introduction to facies analysis
153. Outer fan depositional lobes of the Laga Formation (Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene), east-central Italy
154. A review of mass movement processes, sediment and acoustic characteristics and contrasts in slope and base-of-slope systems versus canyon-fan-basin floor systems
155. The Casanova Complex of the Northern Apennines: a melange formed on a distal passive continental margin
156. Late Pleistocene and Holocene depositional trends, processes, and history of Astoria deep-sea fan, northeast Pacific
157. Comparison of proximal and distal thin-bedded turbidites with current winnowed deep sea sands
158. Thin-bedded turbidites in modern submarine canyons and fans
159. Texture and structures of resedimented conglomerates: examples from Ksiaz Formation (Famennian-Tournaisian), southwestern Poland
160. Observations of iceberg rafting in Glacier Bay, Alaska, and the identification of ancient ice-rafted deposits
161. The Pliocene Lichi melange of Taiwan: its plate-tectonic and olistostromal origin
162. Interaction between velocity and effective density in turbidity flow: phase plane analysis, with criteria for autosuspension
163. Autosuspension and the energetics of two-phase flows: reply to comments on ‘experimental test of autosuspension’ by J.B. Southard and M.E. Mackintosh
164. Conditions for the ignition of catastrophically erosive turbidity currents
165. Two types of outer fan lobe sequence, from the late Precambrian Kongsfjord Formation Submarine Fan, Finnmark, North Norway
166. Middle-fan deposits from the late Precambrian Kongsfjord Formation Submarine Fan, northeast Finnmark, northern Norway
167. A Precambrian upper basin-slope and prodelta in northeast Finnmark, North Norway — a possible ancient upper continental slope
168. Transitional submarine fan deposits from the late Precambrian Kongsfjord Formation submarine fan, NE. Finnmark, N. Norway
169. The Upper Jurassic ‘Boulder Beds’ and related deposits: a fault-controlled submarine slope, NE Scotland
170. Facies, facies-associations and sediment transport/deposition processes in a late Precambrian upper basin-slope/pro-delta, Finnmark, N. Norway
171. Wet-sediment deformation in the Upper Ordovician Point Leamington Formation: possible foreland basin sedimentation, Notre Dame Bay, north-central Newfoundland
172. Contained (reflected) turbidity currents from the Middle Ordovician Cloridorme Formation, Quebec, Canada: an alternative to the antidune hypothesis
173. Dominant particle support mechanisms in debris flows at Mt. Thomas, New Zealand, and implications for flow mobility
174. A Silurian deep-sea fan deposit in Western Ireland and its bearing on the nature of turbidity currents
175. Turbidite origin of some laminated mudstones
176. Sediments of the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale Canada
177. The sedimentology of silt turbidites from the Gulf of Alaska
178. Turbidite muds and silts on deep-sea fans and abyssal plains
179. Deep-water continental-margin sedimentation, DSDP 28, Antarctica
180. The Rio Dell Formation a Plio-Pleistocene basin slope deposit in northern California
181. Conglomeratic Miocene flysch, western Greece
182. Facies model conference
183. Channelized deposits in the Middle Miocene flysch of Romagna (Italy)
184. Miocene paleogeography and basin analysis in the Periadriatic Apennines
185. Depositional cycles in two turbidite formations of the northern Apennines (Italy)
186. Basin-wide turbidites in a Miocene over-supplied deep-sea plain: a geometrical analysis
187. Stability of Mississippi delta sediments as evaluated by analysis of structural features in sediment borings
188. Sedimentary structures in resedimented conglomerate of the Cambrian flysch, L'Islet, Quebec Appalachians
189. The ability of debris heavily freighted with coarse clastic materials to flow on gentle slopes
190. Deposition of fine-grained sediments in the abyssal environment of the Algero-Balearic Basin western Mediterranean Sea
191. Distinctive properties of turbiditic and hemipelagic mud layers in the Algero-Balearic Basin, western Mediterranean Sea
192. Primary sedimentary structures formed by turbidity currents and related sedimentation mechanisms
193. Sedimentology and dispersal pattern of a Cretaceous flysch sequence, Patagonian Andes, southern Chile
194. Stevens Sandstone (Miocene), San Joaquin Basin, California
195. Bathymetry of trace fossils
196. Some sedimentation conditions in Middle Portage rocks
197. Deep Water Clastic Sediments: A Core Workshop
198. The sedimentary structures and depositional mechanics of certain Ordovician turbidites Cloridorme Formation Gaspe Peninsula Quebec
199. Experimental test of autosuspension
200. Unifites: structureless muds of gravity-flow origin in Mediterranean basins
201. Welded slump-graded sand couplets: evidence for slide generated turbidity currents
202. Depositional models for fine-grained sediments in western Hellenic Trench, eastern Mediterranean
203. Submarine channel deposits, fluxoturbidites and other indicators of slope and base-of-slope environments in modern and ancient marine basins
204. Currents and sediment transport at Wilmington Canyon shelf-break, as observed by underwater television
205. Coarse sediment transport by mass flow and turbidity current processes and downslope transformation in Annot Sandstone canyon-fan valley systems
206. Grain flow deposits and their implications, Santa Ynez Mountains, California
207. Deep water sands and silts on the Nova Scotian Continental Margin
208. Distinguishing between fine-grained turbidites and contourites on the Nova Scotian deep water margin
209. Laurentian Fan: morphology, sediments, processes, and growth patterns
210. Bottom currents and contourites in the North Atlantic
211. Anatomy of debris-flow deposits
212. Turbidite facies, associations, and sequences in the southeastern Angola Basin
213. Deep-sea clastics: where are we and where are we going?
214. Deep clastic systems
215. Origin of lamination in deep sea, fine-grained sediments
216. A physical model for the transport and sorting of fine-grained sediments by turbidity currents
217. Middle Cretaceous black shales at Site 530 in the southeastern Angola Basin
218. North Atlantic contourites: an overview
219. Contourites: their recognition in modern and ancient sediments
220. Deep-water fine-grained sediments: facies models
221. Fine-Grained Sediments: Processes and Facies
222. Deep-water fine-grained sediments: deep-water processes and facies
223. Sequence of structures in fine-grained turbidites, comparison of recent deep-sea and ancient flysch sediments
224. Sedimentology of the Brae Oil Field, North Sea: fan models and controls
225. Sedimentology of the Halifax Formation, Nova Scotia: Lower Palaeozoic fine-grained turbidites
226. Facies, composition and texture of Mississippi Fan sediments, DSDP Leg 96, Gulf of Mexico
227. Deposition of the Cambrian continental rise: the St. Roch Formation near St. Jean-Port-Joli, Quebec
228. Submarine fan sedimentation along fault scarps on tilted fault blocks (Jurassic Cretaceous boundary, East Greenland)
229. Fan-delta to submarine fan conglomerates of the Volgian-Valanginian Wollaston Foreland Group, East Greenland
230. Debris flow
231. Occurrence and geological significance of olistoliths from the Longobucco Group, Calabria, southern Italy
232. Concept of facies
233. The distribution of major pelagic sediment components in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic North Atlantic Ocean
234. Iceberg drop, dump, and grounding structures from Pleistocene glaciolacustrine sediments, Scotland
235. Basin model for hemipelagic sedimentation in a tectonically active continental margin: Santa Barbara Basin, California Continental Borderland
236. Deep Water Canyons, Fans and Facies: Models for Stratigraphic Trap Exploration
237. Submarine sand dunes and sedimentary environments in Oceanographer Canyon
238. Ponded sediments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between 22° and 23° North Latitude
239. Fine-grained sediments of the Zaire deep-sea fan, southern Atlantic Ocean
240. Distinctive types of ripple-drift cross-lamination
241. The origin and significance of the internal sedimentary structures of turbidites
242. Turbidite sedimentary structures and their relationship to proximal and distal depositional environments
243. Review of the geometry and facies organization of turbidites and turbidite-bearing basins
244. Generalized facies models for resedimented conglomerates of turbidite association
245. Upper Cretaceous resedimented conglomerates at Wheeler Gorge, California: description and field guide
246. Facies Models, 2. Turbidites and associated coarse clastic deposits
247. Deposition of Upper Mesozoic resedimented conglomerates and associated turbidites in southwestern Oregon
248. Deep water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans; models for exploration for stratigraphic traps
249. Turbidites and associated coarse clastic deposits
250. Mudstones and thin-bedded turbidites associated with the Upper Cretaceous Wheeler Gorge Conglomerates, California: a possible channel-levee complex
251. Turbidite facies and facies associations
252. The sequence of internal structures in turbidites
253. Geological and Geophysical Investigations of Continental Margins
254. Dish structure, a primary sedimentary structure in coarse turbidites
255. Interpretation of biogenic structures in oceanic sediments
256. Biogenic structures in modern slope to deep-sea sediments in the Sulu Sea Basin (Philippines)
257. Bioturbation in deep-sea fine-grained sediments: influence of sediment texture, turbidite frequency and rates of environmental change
258. Large-scale traction-produced structures in deep-water fan-channel conglomerates in southern Chile
259. Submarine-fan turbidites and resedimented conglomerates in a Mesozoic rear-arc marginal basin in southern South America
260. Deep-water fan-channel conglomerates of late Cretaceous age southern Chile
261. Extensional tectonics and the birth of the Lagonegro Basin (Southern Italian Apennines)
262. Ludlow Series slumps and turbidites and the form of the Montgomery Trough Powys Wales
263. The use of slump structures as palaeoslope orientation estimators
264. Sizes of submarine slides and their significance