The heterogeneity of parkinson’s disease: Clinical and prognostic implications

Neurology

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 1985, Pages 522-526

  Zetusky, Walter J ^a   Jankovic, Joseph ^a   Pirozzolo, Francis J ^a  

^a BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRADYKINESIA; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DETERIORATION; HETEROGENEITY; HUMAN; MENTAL HEALTH; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT;

ADULT; AGED; BRAIN; DOPAMINE; FEMALE; GAIT; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGE; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; PARKINSON DISEASE; POSTURE; PROGNOSIS; RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE; TREMOR;

EID: 0021871523     PISSN: 00283878     EISSN: 1526632X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.35.4.522     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Mortimer JA, Pirozzolo FJ, Hansch EC, Webster DD. Relationship of motor symptoms to intellectual deficits in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology (NY) 1982;32:133-7.
2. Barbeau A, Porcher E. New data on the genetics of Parkinson’s disease. Can J Neurol Sci 1982;9:53-66.
3. Roy M, Boyer L, Barbeau A. A prospective study of 50 cases of familial Parkinson’s disease. Can J Neurol Sci 1983;10:37-42.
4. Mjönes H. Paralysis agitans: a clinical and genetic study. Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand [Suppl] 1949;54:1-195.
5. Birkmayer W, Reiderer P, Youdim JBH. Distinction between benign and malignant type of Parkinson’s disease. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1979;81:158-64.
6. Rinne UK, Sonninen V, Siirtola T, Martilla R. Long-term responses of parkinson’s disease to levodopa therapy. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 1980;16:149-56.
7. Hoehn MM, Yahr MD. Parkinsonism: onset, progression, and mortality. Neurology (Minneap) 1967;17:427-42.
8. Lieberman AN. Parkinson’s disease: a clinical review. Am J Med Sci 1974;267:66-80.
9. Martilla RJ, Rinne UK. Dementia in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurol Scand 1976;54:431-41.
10. Jankovic J, Frost JD. Quantitative assessment of parkinsonian and essential tremor: clinical application of triaxial accelerometry. Neurology (NY) 1981;31:1235-40.
11. Nie NH, Hull CH, Jenkins JG, Steinbrenner K, Bent DH. Statistical package for the social sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975.
12. Harman HH. Modern factor analysis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967.
13. Lesser KP, Fahn S, Snider SR, Cote LJ, Isgreen WP, Barrett RE. Analysis of the clinical problems in parkinsonism and the complications of long-term levodopa therapy. Neurology (NY) 1979;29:1253-60.
14. Schwab RS, England AC, Peterson E. Akinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology (Minneap) 1959;9:65-74.
15. Laake JPWF, Burg W, Wiegman J. Abnormalities in postural reflexes and voluntarily induced automatic movement in Parkinson patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1982;84:227-35.
16. Bernheimer H, Birkmayer W, Homykiewicz O, Jellinger K, Seitelberger F. Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington: clinical, morphological and neurochemical correlations. J Neurol Sci 1973;20:415-55.
17. Homykiewicz O. Biochemical abnormalities in some extrastriatal neuronal systems in Parkinson’s disease. In: Rinne UK, Klinger M, Stamm G, eds. Parkinson’s disease: current progress, problems, and management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, 1980:109-19.
18. Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y. Is the mesocortical dopaminergic system involved in Parkinson’s disease? Neurology (NY) 1980;30:1326-30.
19. Scatton B, Rouquier L, Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y. Dopamine deficiency in the cerebral cortex in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology (NY) 1982;32:1039-40.
20. 18F] fluorodeoxyglucose method. Ann Neurol 1984;15:419-24.
21. Price KS, Farley IJ, Homykiewicz O. Neurochemistry of Parkinson’s disease: relation between striatal and limbic dopamine. In: Roberts PJ, Woodruff GN, Iversen LL, eds. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, vol 19. New York: Raven Press, 1978:293-300.
22. Marsden CD. The mysterious motor function of the basal ganglia: The Robert Wartenberg Lecture. Neurology (NY) 1982;32:514-38.
23. Jankovic J. Parkinsonian syndromes. In: Appel SH, ed. Current neurology, vol 5. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1984:1-49.
24. Rinne UK, Koskinen V, Lonnberg P. Neurotransmitter receptors in the parkinsonian brain. In: Rinne UK, Klinger M, Stamm G, eds. Parkinson’s disease: current progress, problems and management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, 1980:93-107.
25. Cunha L, Goncalves AF, Oliveira C, Dinis M, Amaral R. Homovanillic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of parkinsonian patients. Can J Neurol Sci 1983;10:43-6.
26. Price DL, Whitehouse PJ, Strahle RG, et al. Basal forebrain cholinergic systems in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Neurosci Communic 1982;1:84-92.
27. Whitehouse PJ, Hedreen JC, White C, Price DL. Basal forebrain neurons in the dementia of Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol 1983;12:243-8.
28. Boiler F, Mizutani T, Roessman U, Gambetti P. Parkinson’s disease, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: clinicopathological correlations. Ann Neurol 1980;7:329-35.
29. Pirozzolo FJ, Hansch EC, Mortimer JA, Webster DD, Kuskowski MA. Dementia in Parkinson’s disease: a neuropsychological analysis. Brain Cogn 1982;1:71-83.
30. Nausieda PA, Bieliauskas L, Glantz RH. Relationship of motor symptoms to intellectual deficits in PD. Neurology (Cleveland) 1983:33:1390.
31. Nakano I, Hirano A. Parkinson’s disease: neuron loss in the nucleus basalis without concomitant Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol 1984;15:415-8.
32. Stern Y, Cote LJ, Mayeux R, Tomaino C. Norepinephrine metabolism and intellectual changes in Parkinson’s disease. Abstract. Neurology (Cleveland) 1983;33(suppl 2):132.
33. Teychenne PF, Ziegler MG, Lake CR, Enna SJ. Low CSF GABA in parkinsonian patients who respond poorly to therapy or suffer from the “on-off” phenomenon. Ann Neurol 1982;11:76-9.
34. Danielczyk W, Riederer P, Seeman D. Benign and malignant types of Parkinson’s disease: clinical and patho-physiological characterization. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 1980;16:199-210.
35. Jackson JA, Jankovic J, Ford J. Progressive supranuclear palsy; clinical features and response to treatment in 16 patients. Ann Neurol 1983;13:273-8.