Cranial morphology of Australopithecus afarensis: A comparative study based on a composite reconstruction of the adult skull

American Journal of Physical Anthropology

Volumn 64, Issue 4, 1984, Pages 337-388

  Kimbel, William H ^a,b   White, Tim D ^a,c   Johanson, Donald C ^a,d  

^a CLEVELAND MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (United States)

^b KENT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Australopithecus afarensis; cranium; Hadar; Hominidae

Indexed keywords

APE; BONE; CRANIOMETRY; ETHNIC OR RACIAL ASPECTS; FOSSIL; NONHUMAN; RECONSTRUCTION; SKULL;

ADULT; ANIMAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CRANIOMETRY; ETHIOPIA; FEMALE; FOSSILS; HAPLORHINI; HISTORY OF MEDICINE, ANCIENT; HUMAN; MALE; MANDIBLE; PALEONTOLOGY; SKULL; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S.;

EID: 0021131212     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: 10968644     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.1330640403     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. New geochronologic and paleomagnetic data for the hominid‐bearing Hadar Formation of Ethiopia
2. The mastoid process in the chimpanzee and gorilla
3. Cranial crests in the Anthropoidea
4. Der Formwandel des Primaten‐Schädels and seine Beziehungen zur ontogenetischen Entwicklung und den phylogenetischen Specialisationen der Kopforgane
5. A gracile hominid cranium from upper Member G of the Shungura Formation, Ethiopia
6. Swartkrans ape‐man Paranthropus crassidens
7. Craniometric memoirs No. VI: A comparative study of the intertemporal and interangular dimensions of the frontal bone
8. The orbital mosaic in prosimians and the use of variable traits in systematics
9. Paleoanthropological discoveries in the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia
10. A juvenile cranium and some adult teeth of early Homo from Swartkrans
11. Craniofacial morphology of Pan pan‐iscus
12. Australopithecus africanus: The manape of South Africa
13. The Makapansgat proto‐human Australopithecus prometheus
14. Metrical analysis of the basicranium of extant hominoids and Australopithecus
15. Basicranial anatomy of Plio‐Pleistocene hominids from East and South Africa
16. Early hominid feeding mechanisms
17. The prenatal and postnatal growth of the human basicranium
18. The cranial venous sinus system in Australopithecus afarensis
19. Feeding ecology of free‐ranging mountain gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei)
20. Growth of muzzle length relative to calvaria length in Papio
21. Cranial allometry in the great apes
22. Feeding and ranging behaviour of a mountain gorilla group (Gorilla gorilla beringei) in the Tshibinda‐Kahuzi region (Zaire)
23. Early archaeological sites, hominid remains and traces of fire from Chesowanja, Kenya
24. On the adaptive pattern of “Ramapithecus.”
25. Trophic differences between “gracile” and “robust” australopithecines: A scanning electron microscope analysis of occlusal events
26. Evolution of the Plio‐Pleistocene African Suidae
27. Zur Anatomie des Primatenschläfen‐beins und seiner pneumatischen Räume unter Berück‐sichtigung des menschlichen Schläfenbeins
28. Hominidae
29. Incisal bite force direction in humans and the functional significance of mammalian mandibular translation
30. The functional significance of primate mandibular form
31. Posterior temporalis function in macaques and humans
32. Preliminary potassium‐argon dating of early man in Java
33. A preliminary anatomical diagnosis of the first Plio‐Pleistocene hominid discoveries in the central Afar, Ethiopia
34. Morphology of the Pliocene partial hominid skeleton (A.L. 288‐1) from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia
35. Plio‐Pleistocene hominid discoveries in Hadar, Ethiopia
36. A systematic assessment of early African hominids
37. A new species of the genus Australopithecus (Primates: Hominidae) from the Pliocene of eastern Africa
38. Dental remains from the Hadar Formation Ethiopia: 1974–1977 Collections
39. The seed‐eaters: A new model of hominid differentiation based on a baboon analogy
40. Sivapithecus simonsi, a new species of Miocene hominoid with comments on the phylogenetic status of the Ramapithecinae
41. Variation in the pattern of cranial venous sinuses and hominid phylogeny
42. Pliocene hominid cranial remains from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia
43. Craniodental morphology of the hominids from Hadar and Laetoli: Evidence of Paranthropus and Homo in the mid‐Pliocene of eastern Africa?
44. The pygmy chimpanzee is not a living missing link in human evolution
45. New palaeontological evidence bearing on the evolution of the Hominoidea
46. Fossil hominids from the Laetolil Beds, Tanzania
47. New australopithecines from East Rudolf, Kenya
48. The origin of man
49. Biomechanical anatomy of the craniomandibular musculature of the rhesus macaque
50. Paleodemographic aspects of the South African australopithecines
51. Hominid phylogenetics and the existence of Homo in Member 1 of the Swartkrans Formation, South Africa
52. Basicranial morphology of the extant hominoids and Pliocene hominids: The new material from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia and its significance in early human evolution and taxonomy
53. New hominoid skull material from the Miocene of Pakistan
54. Evidence on the age of the Asian Hominidae
55. The functional significance of the squamosal suture in Australopithecus boisei
56. Cranium of a juvenile Australopithecus boisei from the Lower Omo Basin, Ethiopia
57. Cranial remains of Homo erectus from Beds II and IV, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
58. A study of the Modjokerto infant calvarium
59. The dentition of the Australopithe‐cinae
60. Cranial cresting patterns and their significance in the Hominoidea
61. The Ngandong fossil hominids
62. Implications arising from Pithecanthropus VIII
63. Eine Rekonstruktion des Skelettes von A.L. 288‐1 (Hadar) und deren Konsequenzen
64. Morphological observations on gorillas
65. Über das Wachstum der Warzenfort‐sätze beim Menschen und den Menschenaffen
66. The position of the occipital condyles and of the face relative to the skull base in primates
67. The cranial base
68. Factors determining skull form in primates
69. Paedomorphosis and neoteny in the pygmy chimpanzee
70. Size and diet in the evolution of African ape craniodental form
71. The Taungs skull
72. On a sagittal section of the skull of Australopithecus africanus
73. “Australopithecus afarensis” and A. africanus: Critique and an alternative hypothesis
74. Integrated actions of masticatory muscles: Simultaneous EMG from eight intramuscular electrodes
75. Dietary hypotheses and human evolution
76. The hominids of East Turkana
77. An experimental study of pongid dental function during food processing
78. Dietary adaptations of Australopithecus and early Homo
79. Revisions of K/Ar ages for the Hadar hominid site, Ethiopia
80. Subocclusal morphology and alveolar process relationships of hominid gnathic elements from the Hadar Formation: 1974–1977 collections
81. Experimental stress analysis of topographic diversity in early hominid gnathic morphology
82. The brain and its role in the phlogenetic transformation of the human skull
83. The skull of Sinanthropus pekinensis
84. New fossil hominids from Laetolil, Tanzania
85. Additional fossil hominids from Laetoli, Tanzania: 1976–1979 specimens
86. Primitive hominid canine from Tanzania
87. Pliocene hominid mandibles from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia: 1974–1977 collections
88. Australopithecus africanus: Its phyletic position reconsidered
89. Sagittal cresting in the South African australopithecines
90. Sexual dimorphism in the australopithecines
91. Australopithecines: The unwanted ancestors
92. The nature and basis of sexual dimorphism in the primate skeleton
93. Classification and phylogeny of East African hominids