Normalization of ultrasonic scattering measurements to obtain average differential scattering cross sections for tissues

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 74, Issue 2, 1983, Pages 393-399

  Campbell, James A ^a   Waag, Robert C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS - TISSUE;

ULTRASONIC WAVES;

ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BIOPHYSICS; ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN;

BIOPHYSICS; HUMAN; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S.; ULTRASONOGRAPHY;

EID: 0020800451     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: NA     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.389832     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. D. Nicholas, C. R. Hill, and P. K. Nasseri, “Evaluation of backscattering coefficients for excised human tissue: Principles and techniques,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 8, 7–15 (1982).
2. D. Nicholas, “Evaluation of backscattering coefficients for excised human tissue: results, interpretation, and associated measurements,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 8, 17-28(1982).
3. J. E. Barger, “Brain tissue classification by its ultrasonic backscatter,” IEEE Trans. Sonics Ultrason. SU-28, 311–317 (1981).
4. M. P. Kadaba, P. K. Bhagat, and V. C. Wu, “Attenuation and backscattering of ultrasound in freshly excised animal tissues,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-27, 76–83 (1980).
5. R. C. Waag, R. M. Lerner, P. P. K. Lee, and R. Gramiak, “Ultrasonic diffraction characterization of tissue,” in Ultrasound in Biomedicine, Vol. 1. Tissue Characterization and New Imaging Techniques, edited by D. N. White (Research Studies, Forest Grove, OR, 1978), pp. 87–116.
6. K. K. Shung, R. A. Sigelmann, and J. M. Reid, “Angular dependence of scattering of ultrasound from blood,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-24, 325–331 (1977).
7. K. K. Shung, R. A. Sigelmann, and J. M. Reid, “Scattering of ultrasound by blood,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-23, 460–467 (1976).
8. R. A. Sigelman and J. M. Reid, “Analysis and measurement of ultrasound backscattering from an ensemble of scatterers excited by sine-wave bursts,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 1351—1355 (1973).
9. M. I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar Systems (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1980), Chap. 13.
10. A. Ishimaru, Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media (Aca-demic, New York, 1978), Vol. 2, p. 330.
11. P. M. Morse and H. Feshbach, Method of Theoretical Physics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1953), Chap. 9.
12. L. A. Frizzell, E. L. Carstensen, and J. F. Dyro, “Shear properties of mammalian tissues at low megahertz frequencies,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 1409-1411(1976).
13. A. D. Pierce, Acoustics: An Introduction to its Physical Principles and Applications (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1981), p. 225.
14. P. M. Morse and K. U. Ingard, Theoretical Acoustics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968), Chap. 8.
15. W. H. Carter and E. Wolf, “Coherence and radiometry with quasihomo-geneous planar sources,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 785–796 (1977).
16. R. C. Waag, P. P. K. Lee, H. W. Persson, E. A. Schenk, and R. Gramiak, “Frequency-dependent angle scattering of ultrasound by liver,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, 343–352 (1982).